U Rwanda nyuma y’amahano ya Jenoside yarutwaye abaturage barenga miliyoni mu mezi atatu, rufatwa nk’urutera imbere cyane, aho rwakunze kugaragara mu bihugu byiza byo gushoramo imari, mu byegeranyo bya Banki y’Isi, kandi iyi Banki ikaba inarufata nk’igihugu kibasha gukoresha neza inkunga gihabwa.

Mu kiganiro Ambasaderi w’u Rwanda mu Bubiligi, Robert Masozera, yagiranye n’ikinyamakuru l’Intelligent d’Abudjan, yagaragaje byinshi bituma ubukungu bw’igihugu buzamuka aho avuga ko Politiki ari ishingiro rya byose.

Ni ayahe masano akomeye ari hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Bubiligi?

Imibanire y’ibi bihugu byombi imaze igihe, kandi u Bubiligi buza ku mwanya wa 3 mu bihugu bifasha u Rwanda nyuma ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’u Bwongereza. Nyuma ya Congo u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu byatezwaga imbere n’inkunga y’u Bubiligi, mbere ya Jenoside u Bubiligi bwakoraga byinshi ariko ko Jenoside yagabanije ibikorwa Ababiligi bafashagamo u Rwanda, ariko avuga ko bari gukorana ngo banoze ubutwererane.

Ese kuki u Bubiligi butatumiwe ubwo ku ya 1 Nyakanga u Rwanda rwizihizaga isabukuru y’imyaka 50 rumaze rwingenze?

Reka ngire icyo ntangaza, byari bikwiye ko u Bubiligi butumirwa. Benshi batekerezaga ko u Rwanda rwari butumire umwami Albert wa II, tukizihiza iriya sabukuru mu birori bihambaye. Ariko, twe twahisemo guha agaciro inshingano zo kwibuka. Ntimwibagirwe ko ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda bwagezweho mu kababaro. Twahaye agaciro ubuhamya ndetse no gutekereza.

Turi ku ya 27 Ugushyingo, ubwo twazaga kubareba ku bw’iki kiganiro twasanze amahema y’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda, bafite ibyapa bivuga nabi umukuru w’igihugu cyanyu: “Kagame ni umwicanyi! Ni umunyabyaha!” Abateguye ibi badutangarije ko buri wa kabiri bigaragambya n’aha kuri Ambasade. Ibi mubitekerezaho iki?

Aha mu Bubiligi tuhafite umuryango nyarwanda ugizwe n’abarenga 60% bavuye mu gihugu mbere ya 1994. Benshi muri bo ni abazi ubutegetsi bwa kera, hanarimo n’abanyepolitiki bo hambere batishimiye ihinduka ry’ubuyobozi.

Abantu mwabonye baza hano buri wa kabiri, atari uko ibyo basaba bishingiye ku kuri, kuko hashize imyaka 18 badahari. Akenshi bavuga iby’imfungwa bakirengagiza ko zafunguwe! Ni abigaragambya bagizwe n’abahoze muri Leta ya mbere ya Jenoside. Umubare wo usanga batanageze kuri bane cyangwa batanu.

Ni ukuvuga ko ntacyahabwa agaciro mu byo basaba?

Nk’ambasaderi, niyemeje gufata umunsi umwe mu cyumweru aho nakira nkanatega amatwi Abanyarwanda bafite ibibazo bitandukanye. Kandi nafashe iki cyemezo kubera bariya bivumbagatanya. Bamwe baraza, nanabwiwe ko umubare w’abigaragambya wagabanutse aho nafatiye iki cyemezo cyo kubegera no kubaganiriza.

Mbagira inama zitandukanye bitewe n’icyo buri umwe acyeneye, aha nkabasaba kuyoboka ibiganiro aho kwirirwa imbere y’ibiro umunsi wose wo kuwa kabiri buri gihe. Uburyo bwiza ni ukuvugana nanjye nka ambasaderi kuko nabafasha kugeza iyo myivumbagatanyo yabo kubo bireba. Buri wese namwumva ariko inzira bikorwamo niyo idasobanutse.

Ndakeka ko ibyinshi bikomezwa no kutamenya amakuru. Igihe udafite amakuru ubeshywa byinshi. Ni ibi nshaka gusobanura. Ntibashaka kumenya amakuru y’ibyo dukora. Hari urugero rwa gahunda ya Guverinoma yitwa “Ngwino urebe, Genda uvuge” yashyizweho n’urugaga rw’Abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga by’umwihariko abatarakandagira mu Rwanda nyuma ya Jenoside.

Ndabatumiye baze barebe igihugu n’iterambere kigezeho, nibasubirayo bavuge ibyo babonye. Iyo gahunda yashyizweho na Guverinoma iterwa inkunga kandi yemererwa ubufatanye na za Ambasade zose. Ibi bizabafasha mu kumenya amakuru ku gihugu

Mu mpera z’umwaka ushize, i Kigali habereye inama y’umushyikirano harimo n’iy’abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga. Izo nama ebyiri zisobanuye iki?

Hagendewe ku Itegeko Nshinga ry’u Rwanda, buri mwaka Perezida wa Repubulika agirana inama y’umushyikirano, ndetse n’ihuriro ry’imiryango nyarwanda iba mu mahanga. Aho bareba ibyagezweho bakiga n’ibikenewe gukorwa mu gihe kiri imbere.

Ni igihe cyiza cyo gusabana hakumvikana n’ibibazo abantu bafite bigashakirwa umuti. Ibi tubikomora mu muco gakondo w’Abanyarwanda, bikagira uruhare mu bumwe, ubwiyunge n’imiyoborere myiza.

Bigaragaza Demokarasi, ibiganiro bihita imbonankubone mu bitangazamakuru, ku buryo n’abatabyitabiriye bashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byabo kuri telefoni kandi bigera no ku banyarwanda baba hanze kuko diaspora zohereza abazihagarariye ariko abadafite amikoro yo kubizamo, na bo batanga umusanzu bakoresheje telefoni kuko hashyirwaho imirongo yo guhamagaraho itishyura.

Ihuriro ry’Abanyarawanda baba hanze y’igihugu, ryo riba rimwe mu myaka ibiri, rigahuza miliyoni z’abanyarwanda ziba hanze, ni igihe cyiza cyo guhura tukamenyana tukiga uko twarushaho kugirira umumaro igihugu cyacu.

Ni iki muzi kuri Gahunda y’icyerekezo 2020 cya Perezida Kagame?

Uru ni urupapuro rw’inzira rwashyizweho mu 2000 rusobanura aho politiki ye yerekeza kugeza mu 2020. U Rwanda ni igihugu gikennye ariko kigira intumbero yo kuba hari aho kizaba gihagaze muri icyo gihe. Bishatse kuvuga ko Kagame yasobanuye inzira zizatuma agerayo, icyerekezo 2020 gikora ku bice byose, kwiyubaka, kugabanya ubukene, guha abaturage ubushobozi bwo guhaha.

Nejejwe no kubamenyeshako igenamigambi ryashyizweho umwaka ushize ryagaragaje ko mu 2017 intego zose z’ibanze zizaba zagezweho. Bivuze ko turi mu nzira ishimishije yizo ntego.

Abanyarwanda bakiriye neza kandi biyumvamo icyerekezo 2020. N’abana bavutse baritwa icyerekezo 2020, imidugudu, Resitora, n’ibindi usanga byitwa amazina nk’ariya. Ibi byafashije mu kugabanya ikigero cy’ubukene. Mu myaka itanu ishize byagabanyijeho 11% byavuye kuri 56% kugeza 45% ibi birigaragaza.

Cyane cyane iyo uvuye mu mujyi, aho kera abantu bari batuye mu mazu y’ibyatsi ariko ubu ibyo ntibikirangwa mu Rwanda, hari amazi meza, ubwisungane mu kwivuza, kwiga byabaye ubuntu ndetse biba itegeko. Impinduka zirigaragaza kandi zigakomanga ku mitima ya buri wese ugeze mu gihugu cy’u Rwanda.

Mu bijyanye n’ibikorwaremezo, ni uwuhe mwihariko ubona muri iki gihe?

Aha navuga ingufu. Perezida Kagame yibanze ku ngufu, twakwirakwije umuriro w’amashanyarazi mu byaro, turashyiramo ingufu nyinshi kuko Perezida yavuze ko ari urufunguzo rw’icyerekezo 2020, birumvikana n’ibindi ni byiza cyane, rero nahisemo umwiza mu beza ari byo ingufu.

Ni iki mwakoze ngo muzamure inzego z’abikorera?

Ibi nabigereranya n’umutima w’icyerekezo 2020 aho nahamya ko ari gahunda ituruka mu bushake bwo kwikorera, ba Rwiyemezamirimo barayisobanukiwe ndetse babifashwamo n’inzego za Leta. Guverinoma yashyizeho amategeko aboneye afasha abikorera, ni gake Perezida akora uruzinduko atari kumwe n’abahagarariye abikorera.

Yabemereye inkunga yose mu guhanga udushya no guhatana ku ruhando rw’amahanga. Urugaga nyarwanda rw’abikorera rumeze neza kandi baterwa ingufu no gukora ubucuruzi, ndetse ubu byaroroshye kuko ushobora guhabwa inguzanyo ukihangira umurimo.

U Rwanda rwatanzweho urugero rwiza mu kurwanya ruswa, ni izihe ngamba mwifashishije?

Biriya ntabwo byoroshye, mbisubiremo ni umusaruro utinyitse kandi wiyubashye, ni ibintu bisaba ubushake n’ubwitonzi. Ngira umuco wo kuvuga ko ibanga ryacu riri mu gushyiraho inzego zikomeye ziyobowe n’ababifitiye ubushobozi. Tugira amategeko meza, twumvisha abaturage ko ari bo bagomba gutanga abatabakorera neza, tugira ibihano bikomeye abatanze ruswa n’abazakira bose barahanwa mu buryo bw’intangarugero.

Ariko byaba ari ukuri ngo u Rwanda rukura imbaraga mu marorerwa rwanyuzemo?

Yego, ndabyemeza ni aya mateka mabi yaduhaye amasomo, u Rwanda rwabaye nk’urugiye kuzima, ariko Abanyarwanda bafashe umwanzuro, ntibashaka kuba mu Rwanda nk’urwo bamenye mu bihe byashize. Ni yo mpamvu bagira bati “Never again!” ntibashaka kumva aho bavuga Jenoside, ntibashaka kwibuka ibihe bibi byose barwanya ibitera amacakubiri byose aho byaturuka.

Ariko buriya mu Rwanda abaturage barangije kwiyunga?
Abaturage bari mu nzira y’ubwiyunge, ni urugendo ariko iyi nzira irihuta cyane. Sinavuga ko twageze k’ubwiyunge ku kigero cya 100% nyamara ubushakashatsi buvuga ko byibura bigeze kuri 80%.

Dufite Komisiyo y’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge yakoze akazi katoroshye, ariko n’itegeko Nshinga ryacu ritanga umwanya mu gushyigikira ubumwe n’ubwiyunge, hari byinshi bikorwa ngo Abanyarwanda bashyire hamwe ikibazo tugifite kugeza ubu ni abatuye hanze y’ u Rwanda, ahakiri Abanyarwanda bahora bateza imidugararo. Mwahoze mutanga ingero z’abahora imbere ya Ambasade mu myigaragambyo, biraterwa n’uko ubutumwa bw’ubwiyunge butabageraho uko bikwiriye, ariko tugiye kureba uko dukemura icyo kibazo, kandi dufatanije tuzabigeraho.

Paul Kagame akunze kuvuga ko ubukungu na Politiki bidasigana, ubibona ute?

Ibi ni byo! Ibyo u Rwanda rukomeje kugeraho, ntibyari bushoboke nta musingi wa Politiki zikomeye nka Demokarasi, imiyoborere myiza, kwegereza ubuyobozi abaturage, inzego zikomeye, ibiganiro n’ibindi. Ibi byose bigarurira Abanyarwanda icyizere. Abaturege bakunze kuvuga ko iyo mu nzego bahabona icyizere, ibindi byose bitera imbere, birumvikana ko “Ubukungu butagerwaho muri politiki irwaye.” Twashoboye cyane mu kwigisha uburere mboneragihugu, muri Doing Busness u Rwanda rwagaragaye neza bitewe n’imiyoborere myiza.

Mwiha uwuhe mwanya mu mihahirane n’ibihugu bya Afurika?
Ibi tubikora neza cyane, binagaragara muri ya gahunga y’icyerekezo 2020 twahoze tuvuga. Dushaka kugaragara neza muri Afurika. Binyuze mu muryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda rukikijwe n’ibihugu bitanu bifite abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni 130.

Dufite imikoranire ku mikoreshereze y’ibyambu, isoko rimwe, ibi biteza imbere ubukungu n’ubucuruzi. Twizeraga ko ubuhahirane n’ibihugu bidukikije bwagombaga kuba ubw’ibanze kurusha mu burengerazuba bw’Isi, ariko kuri ubu ubuhahirane na Congo bwarazambye kubera intambara ziri mu burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu, bitugiraho ingaruka nyinshi tutatekerezaga; ubukungu bwacu buri kuyizahariramo, birumvikana ko abavuga ko u Rwanda ari intandaro y’ibiberayo babeshya kuko ari twe tugirwaho ingaruka nyinshi n’uyu mutekano mukeya uhabarizwa. U Rwanda dushishikajwe no gukorana n’imiryango ihuza ibihugu byo mu karere ku rwego rushimishije, tubikesha iterambere ry’ ibikorwaremezo.

Byose bimeze neza usibye ibibavugwaho kuri Congo, mugerageza gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi muri diplomasi, abayobozi b’u Rwanda ntibahwema kubuza Loni, imiryango mpuzamahanga, imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta kubagerekaho ibibera muri Congo bavuga ko Leta yanyu ifasha umutwe wa M23 urwanya Leta ya Congo, bimeze bite?

Ibi birababaje cyane kuba imiryango mpuzamahanga ikeka ko ari twe nyirabayazana w’ibibazo bimaze imyaka irenga 20 byanatangiye mu gihe cy’ubukoloni. Ariko uko iki kibazo kirushaho gukara, imyumvire igenda ihinduka.

Batangiye kubona ko bibeshye ko abagize uyu mutwe wa M23 bose ari abanyekongo. Congo ikomeje kuvuga ko ari u Rwanda rubatera inkunga, ariko nyuma y’ifatwa rya Goma, batangiye kumva ko ari ikibazo cy’abanyekongo.

Ni abasirikare bahoze mu ngabo za Congo bigometse. Bashinjaga u Rwanda kubaha intwaro nyamara barwanishaga izoroheje bakuye mu gisirikare bahozemo, byatangiye kumvikana ko atari u Rwanda rubafasha.

Bafite ikibazo gikomeye, kugikemura bisaba kurandura impamvu zatumye bigomeka. Ese ni iki cyatuma u Rwanda, rufasha M23? U Rwanda rwahungabanyijwe n’iyi ntambara, ubukungu bwacu bumerewe nabi, nyamara mbere y’uko uriya mutwe uvuka, twakoranaga neza na Guverinoma ya Kinshasa.

Twebwe icyo twemera nk’u Rwanda ni uko iriya raporo yakozwe n’abadufitiye umutima mubi, bashaka kwangiza isura y’u Rwanda. Kuba ari raporo ya Loni, ikaba yarakozwe n’impuguke zimeze zite, ntibivuga ko ari raporo yo kwizerwa.

Twahakanye byose tugatanga n’ibimenyetso, hari abanyuzwe ariko hari n’abakinangiye, ariko twizera ko bashobora kuzahindura imyumvire yabo, uramutse usomye ibyerekeye imyanzuro yafashwe ngo M23 irekure Goma, ntawakongera gutunga agatoki u Rwanda cyangwa ngo arushyirireho ibihano runaka. Rwose ikibazo cyo muri Congo, ni ingaruka z’imiyoborere mibi, ni igihugu mu by’ukuri gicunzwe nabi ku buryo bugaragara.

Nyamara ni igihugu gifite umutungo kamere uhagije, ni yo mpamvu mvuga ko bidahagije kuba wagira igihugu kinini, gifite ubukungu bwinshi ariko nta buyobozi bufatika, udakoresha imiyoborere myiza, icyo gihugu kiba kiri busenyuke rwose, ni na byo biri muri Congo.

Mu kurangiza mwatubwira gahunda Perezida Kagame afitiye u Rwanda na Afurika?

Aaahaaha!! Iyo aza kuba ahibereye ngo abisubirize ku giti cye. Ni ikibazo kimushimisha cyane, rwose dufite Perezida ukunda Afurika cyane, ayifitiye icyerekezo, akunda kuyivugira. Akunda kubona u Rwanda ruri mu mugabane utuje kandi ukomeye udasuzuguritse.

Buri gihe aterwa impungenge no kuba afurika yaba ikubiswe n’ibibazo, cyangwa se igacishwa bugufi. Biramurakaza cyane hari n’igihe arakarira abakuru b’ibihugu bya Afurika bemera ko ibyo biba. Ashaka Afurika imwe kandi ifite imbaraga kuko yivugira ati “Ibibazo bireba Abanyafurika bikeneye ibisubizo bibaturutsemo.”

Byahinduwe mu Kinyarwanda na Noël Turikumwe