Mu bihugu biteye imbere, amahirwe atangwa n’urwego rw’uburezi aba ari menshi ndetse abaturage bakuze usanga bajijutse kuko baba barize nibura mu burezi bw’ibanze.

Ugereranyije no mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere ikigero cy’abajijutse n’abarangije amashuri yisumbuye kiba kiri hasi; kimwe no mu bihugu bikennye, uburezi bwaho buba buciriritse ugasanga hari n’aho abaturage benshi batabashije gukandagira mu ishuri.

Nibura igihugu gifite abaturage bagera kuri 50% barangije amashuri yisumbuye na 25% barangije ibindi byiciro nyuma y’icy’ayisumbuye kibarwa nk’igifite abantu benshi bize nk’uko bigenwa n’umuryango w’ubufatanye mu by’ubukungu n’iterambere, OECD.

Ku rwego rw’Isi, Canada ituwe n’abaturage barenga miliyoni 38 ni cyo gihugu kirwarwa nk’igifite abantu benshi bize hakurikijwe imibare ya raporo yo mu 2018. Muri iki gihugu 60% bize mu byiciro bikurikira icy’ayisumbuye (amashuri makuru na kaminuza cyangwa porogaramu zigisha imyuga). Abagera kuri 32,5% basoje icyiciro cya kabiri cy’amashuri yisumbuye na ho 7,6% barangije icyiciro cya mbere.

Mu Burusiya 56,7% nibo bibarwa ko bize amashuri makuru naho 38,5% bashoboye kurangiza mu cyiciro cya kabiri cy’ayisumbuye kuri na 4,8% barangije icya mbere mu baturage barenga miliyoni 144. U Buyapani buza ku mwanya wa gatatu na 52,7% bize mu cyiciro gikuru, Luxembourg (51, 3%) na Koreya y’Epfo (50,7%) .

Urwego Mpuzamahanga rushinzwe ubufatanye mu by’uburezi (Global Partnership for Education) rugaragaza uburezi nk’uburenganzira bwa muntu bufungurira umuntu imiryango y’amahirwe menshi mu buzima nk’ayo kubona akazi, kugira ubuzima bwiza, kugira ubushobozi bwo kugira uruhare muri politiki n’ibindi.

Abanyarwanda bageze mu mashuri yisumbuye baracyari mbarwa

Imibare yavuye mu Ibarura Rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire ryakozwe mu 2022 yerekana ko Abanyarwanda barenga miliyoni 13.

Muri bo abazi gusoma no kwandika mu bafite kuva ku myaka 15 y’amavuko bageze kuri 79% (ni ukuvuga ko barenga miliyoni 6,5).

Nubwo gutangira amashuri abanza byitabirwa ku gipimo gishimishije, abanyeshuri bagenda bahera mu kayunguruzo, abagera mu mashuri yisumbuye bakaba bake. Abangana na 22,3% ni bo babasha gukomeza muri icyo cyiciro.

Bamwe mu babikurikirana babihuza n’ubukene mu miryango bituma hari abava mu ishuri bakajya gushaka imibereho, umubare munini w’abakobwa baterwa inda imburagihe bikarangira badakomeje amasomo n’ibindi.

Nk’yo ugeze mu bice by’icyaro usanganirwa n’abana b’abakobwa kuva ku myaka 15 bahetse abana bivuze ko baba batandukanye n’ishuri.

Mu bataratewe inda havamo abimukira mu bice by’imijyi gushaka akazi kiganjemo ako mu ngo, mu tubari n’ahandi ariko si bo bonyine kuko n’abahungu ari uko.

Ibyo ni bimwe mu bigaragaza ko gahunda ya leta yo guha abana bose uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka 12 itari kubahirizwa nk’uko Depite Dr Habineza Frank akaba n’umwe mu bagize Komisiyo y’Imibereho Myiza mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, yabigarutseho.

Ati "Wenda inzego z’ibanze ntizigira uruhare mu gukangurira abana kujya mu ishuri cyangwa ababyeyi bamwe baracyohereza abana mu mirimo irimo ubuhinzi, gukora mu byayi cyangwa mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro aho bajya gushakisha amafranga mu gihe bagombye kuba bari mu ishuri."

Yavuze kandi ko kuba ababasha kugera mu mashuri yisumbuye ari bake byaba bifitanye isano n’ireme ry’uburezi bahabwa mu byiciro byo hanze ritabemerera gutsinda ibizamini bituma babasha gukomeza.

By’umwihariko mu burezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka icyenda na 12 usanga nta bitabo bihagije bafite cyangwa abarimu badafite ubumenyi bushyitse bwatuma abanyeshuri bahatana n’abize mu bigo byiza mu gihugu.

Mu gihe porogaramu y’amasomo itegurwa mu rurimi rw’Icyongereza kimwe n’ibizamini bitangwa, haracyari abarimu batazi urwo rurimi nk’uko abadepite bagiye babigaragaza mu ngendo bakoreye hirya no hino mu gihugu. Icyakora leta yatangiye kuzana abarimu b’abanyamahanga bo kunganira abasanzwe mu myigishirize y’indimi.

Uretse kuba amashuri yisumbuye yariyongereyeho ay’uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka 12 aho abanyeshuri biga bataha yunganira abadashobora kwigondera ayo biga bacumbikiwe, bafashwa gufatira ifunguro rya saa sita ku ishuri hakemurwa imbogamizi y’inzara kuri bamwe.

Abiga mu Nderabarezi Rusange bagabanyirijwe amafaranga y’ishuri uhereye mu 2019 hemezwa ko bazajya biyishyurira 50% andi Leta ikayabatangira.

Igabanya ry’amafaranga y’ishuri ryanabayeho ku biga amasomo ya tekiniki, imyuga n’ubumenyingiro (TVET). Amafaranga bishyuraga yagabanyijweho 30% uhereye muri Mata 2022 mu rwego rwo kubashishikariza kuyoboka iki cyiciro.

Mu myanzuro y’Inama y’Umushyikirano yateranye muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, harimo gukemura ikibazo cy’ireme ry’uburezi mu byiciro byose by’amashuri kugira ngo abarangiza kwiga bashobore guhangana n’ibibazo biri ku isoko ry’umurimo, hibandwa ku kongera umubare w’abanyeshuri bajya mu mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro, gukorana n’abikorera mu kumenyereza abanyeshuri umwuga mbere y’uko bajya ku isoko ry’umurimo no kuzamura ireme ry’ubushakashatsi.

Bamwe mu banyeshuri biga mu Rwunge rw'Amashuri rwa Cyahafi mu Mujyi wa Kigali

Ibikorwa byo kugaburira abanyeshuri ku ishuri byashyizwemo imbaraga nka kimwe mu bitanga umusanzu mu myigire myiza

Leta yashyize imbaraga mu kongera umubare w'ibyumba by'amashuri mu rwego rwo kugabanya ubucucike

Abagera muri kaminuza ni 3,3%

Bijyanye n’intego ya gahunda ya Guverinoma yo kwihutisha iterambere, NST1, u Rwanda rwiyemeje kwimakaza ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi.

Imibare yavuye mu isesengura ku miterere y’isoko ry’umurimo rikorwa n’Ikigo cy’Ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda, ryakozwe mu gihembwe cya kane cy’umwaka ushize wa 2022, igaragaza ko ubushomeri bwari kuri 29,7% mu rubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 16 na 30.

Hari uwavuze ko tubaye dufite abanyeshuri bigishijwe neza, nubwo batabona akazi mu gihugu baba bafite ubushobozi bwo kujya kugasaba ahandi kandi bakakabona.

Gusa ubwitabire buke mu byiciro by’uburezi birimo amashuri makuru na kaminuza bushobora gukoma mu nkokora gahunda ya leta yo kubaka ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi.

Dr Habineza yagize ati "Ikigaragara ni uko icyerekezo cya leta cyo kubaka ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi gikeneye izindi ngamba kugira ngo kizabashe kugerwaho. Imibare igaragaza ko hatagize igihinduka mu maguru mashya iyi gahunda ntabwo yagerwaho. Biteye impungenge. Hakenewe kugira ikintu gikomeye gikorwa."

Uretse Kaminuza y’u Rwanda n’amashami yayo, Ishuri Rikuru ry’Imyuga n’Ubumenyingiro (Rwanda Polytechnic) n’Ishuri ryigisha amategeko, ILPD yo ku rwego rw’aya leta, mu Rwanda habarurwa amashuri makuru na kaminuza zigenga agera kuri 27 yanditswe na HEC.

Aya mashuri yose abayizemo cyangwa abacyiga bageze kuri 3,3% by’Abanyarwanda bose nk’uko byagaragajwe n’ibyavuye mu Ibarura Rusange.

Mu rwego rwo kugabanya ikiguzi cy’uburezi muri za kamninuza by’umwihariko ku bajyaga kwiga mu mahanga, u Rwanda rwatangije ubufatanye na Kaminuza Mpuzamahanga zirimo n’izifite icyicaro mu Rwanda nka ALU (African eadership University), Canergy Melon University Africa (CMUA); College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa, University of Global Health Equity, Oklahoma Christian University na Keple College.

Guverinoma kandi iherutse gutangaza ko yatangije ubufatanye n’izindi kaminuza zo mu mahanga zigera kuri esheshatu zirimo izo muri Singapore, u Budage, Jordanie, Turikiya, Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu n’u Bwongereza.

Abarangiza amasomo muri kaminuza baracyari bake nubwo hari intambwe ikomeye yatewe

Canergy Mellon University Africa ni imwe muri Kaminuza Mpuzamahanga zikorera mu Rwanda