Uyu mwaka dusoza wa 2015, wagaragayemo ibyago byinshi byatwaye ubuzima bw’abantu, harimo intambara zakuye abatari bake mu byabo, amarira y’impfubyi zidafite gihoza mu mihanda yuzuye imirambo y’inzirakarengane, kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe bw’Isi ku kigero cyo hejuru byatumye umusaruro w’ibihingwa utuba, ibihugu byo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara by’umwihariko byibasirwa n’inzara, indwara ziterwa n’imirire mibi zivugana abatari bake mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu.
Imitingito yibasiye umugabane wa Aziya ari na ko mu Nyanja ya ’Méditerranée’ amagana n’amagana y’abimukira biganjemo abaturage bo muri Siriya bahunga imirwano, ariko abatari bake muri bo bahitanwa n’impanuka zo mu mazi, bagerageza kwambuka berekeza ku mugabane w’u Burayi.
Twifashishije icyegeranyo giheruka gushyirwa ahagaragara n’Umuryango Uharanira Kurwanya Ubukene, World Vision, mu Ishami rishinzwe guharanira inyungu z’abana, twabakoreye urutonde rwa bimwe mu byago byibasiye Isi muri uyu mwaka wa 2015.
Imvururu mu Burundi
Muri Mata 2015 ni bwo i Burundi hatangiye ibibazo bishingiye kuri politiki hagati y’ubutegetsi bwa Nkurunziza n’abamurwanya.
Umuryango w’Abibumbye wavuze ko nibura abantu bagera kuri 400 bishwe kuva mu kwezi muri Mata igihe imvururu zatangiraga, Pierre Nkurunziza atangaje ko aziyamamaza ku nshuro ya gatatu. Abasaga ibihumbi 73 bamaze guhungira mu Rwanda no mu bindi bihugu binyuranye.
Kuru ubu ikibazo cy’u Burundi cyahagurukiwe n’Isi muri rusange, aho umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika, AU, uherutse gutangaza umugambi wo kohereza ingabo zibungabunga amahoro mu Burundi mu rwego rwo kurinda abasivile, ariko iki gitekerezo Leta ya Bujumbura icyamaganira kure.
Ebola yaciye ibintu muri Afurika y’Uburengerazuba
Icyorezo cya Ebola yari yagaragaye uhereye mu mwaka wa 2014, yakomeje guhitana ubutitsa abaturage bo muri bimwe mu bihugu byo muri Afurika y’Uburengerazuba.
Mu Gushyingo 2015, Sierra Leone yatangaje ko Ebola itakiharangwa nyuma y’uko hari hashize iminsi 42 nta murwayi mushya ugaragaye.
Iki cyorezo kikaba cyaramaze amezi 18 aho muri 28.000 bayanduye, abagera kuri 11.300 bahasize ubuzima mu bihugu bitatu.
Iki ni kimwe mu byorezo byahangayikishije Isi, hashyirwaho gahunda yo kurwanya ubwandu bushya ndetse no gushaka urukingo.
Mu Rwanda hahise hatangira uburyo budasanzwe bwo gupima iyi ndwara abinjira ku kibuga cy’indege i Kanombe n’ahandi ku nkiko z’u Rwanda.
Ubushyamirane n’inzara muri Sudani y’Epfo
Kuva amakimbirane yatangira mu mwaka wa 2013 muri iki gihugu , abagera kuri miliyoni 1,6 bavuye mu byabo kubera imirwano harimo abana 823,000.
Hashyizweho inkambi z’impunzi zirindwa n’ingabo za Loni, bateze amakiriro ku miryango itabara, na ho abagera kuri bihimbi 640 bahungiye mu bihugu bituranyi.
Abahinzi ntibabonye uko bajya mu mirima, abandi batakaza amatungo yabo, ibiryo birabura biba intandaro y’inzara ikomeye, imirire mibi, indwara z’ibyorezo n’ibindi byibasiye abato n’abakuru.
Kuri ubu abagera kuri miliyoni 6,4 bakeneye ubutabazi bw’ibanze, abagera kuri miliyoni 3,9 bahuye n’ikibazo cy’ibiribwa bidahagije ndetse abana ibihumbi 250 bahuye n’ikibazo cy’imirire mibi.
Amapfa muri Somalia
Amakimbirane ashingiye ku bibazo bya Politiki, amapfa ahoraho, kubura ibikorwa remezo byateye ibura ry’ibiribwa ry’igihe kirekire muri Somalia.
Raporo y’Ishami rya Loni ryita ku biribwa ku Isi igaragaza ko abagera kuri miliyoni bakeneye ubutabazi bw’ibanze.
Ikindi kibazo gikomeye ni uko umutekano muke ndetse n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro byagiye binaniza ubutabazi ku miryango ibayeho nabi.
Muri 2015 kandi abagera ku bihumbi 90 muri Somalia bakuwe mu byabo n’umwuzure ufitanye isano na El Nino.
Igihugu cya Somalia cyakomeje guhura n’ibibazo by’intambara aho abarwanyi bagendera ku mahame y’idini ya Kisilamu, Al Shabab bashakaga gushyiraho Leta yabo.
Intambara muri Centrafrique
Iki gihugu nticyahiriwe n’umwaka wa 2015 kuko imitwe ishingiye ku madini yakomeje gukozanyaho maze abagera ku bihumbi 450 bavanwa mu byabo. Amashuri yarafunzwe, ihohoterwa ry’abana ririyongera ndetse ubuzima burushaho kuzamba kuri benshi muri iki gihugu.
Kuri ubu muri Centrafrique hari ingabo z’u Rwanda zoherejwe n’akanama k’umutekano ku rwego rw’Umuryango w’Afurika yunze Ubumwe muri Nyakanga 2013, ndetse n’umwanzuro wa Loni wafashwe mu Kuboza 2013.
Ubuhunzi bw’indengakamere muri Siriya
Imyaka ine irihiritse, ibintu bikomeje kuzamba muri Siriya mu ntambara yo kurwanya Bashar al-Assad yatumye abasaga miliyoni 4,4 bahunga iguhugu nk’impunzi. Muri bo icya kabiri ni abana bagiye babuzwa uburenganzira butandukanye.
Uretse izi mpunzi zisaga miliyoni enye zerekeje iy’ubuhungiro, abasigaye imbere mu gihugu basaga miliyoni zirindwi bavuye mu byabo bakaba bari mu buzima buteye inkeke, aho amashuri menshi yasenyutse andi arafungwa ndetse icyizere cy’ubuzima kirayoyoka.
Muri iyi ntambara abana bahuye n’ingaruka zirimo indwara z’ibyorezo, imibereho mibi mu nkambi z’impunzi muri rusange, ibikorwa remezo bidahagije mu ntambara ikomeje gukaza umurego.
Amafaranga agera kuri miliyari 7,4 y’amadorali ni yo yakusanyijwe n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye kubw’ikibazo cya Siriya, aho hamaze gutangwa ½ cyayo.
Kuri ubu Miliyoni 13,5 z’Abanya-Siriya bakeneye ubutabazi. Impunzi nyinshi zo muri iki gihugu zikaba ziri mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati nka Turukiya, Liban, Jordania, Iraq na Misiri. Abagera kuri 10% bakaba bamaze kwinjira i Burayi, mu gihe abana basaga miliyoni bavuye mu ishuri.
Umutingito wa Karahabutaka muri Nepal
Muri Mata 2015, habaye umutingito ukomeye ku gipimo cya magnitude 7,8. Uyu mutingito ukaba warumvikanye no mu bihugu by’ibituranyi nk’u Buhinde, Bangladesh ndetse no ku misozi miremire yo muri Aziya.
Abagera kuri miliyoni umunani bagezweho n’ingaruka z’uyu mutingito naho abagera ku bihumbi umunani bahasiga ubuzima.
Ikibazo cy’abimukira muri Iraq
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu rivuga ko abasaga miliyoni 10 bakeneye ubutabazi muri Iraq, aho abagera kuri miliyoni 3,2 bakuwe mu byabo n’intambara, abagera ku bihumbi 250 ni impunzi zikomoka muri Siriya.
Inzara muri Amerika y’Epfo
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere ifite inkomoko kuri El Nino yateje inzara mu bihugu byo muri Amerika y’Epfo nka El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras na Nicaragua mu 2015.
Mu Kwakira 2015, Loni yatangaje ko abaturage miliyoni 3,5 byabagizeho ingaruka muri Guatemala, Honduras na El Salvador aho abagera kuri miliyoni 2 bari bakeneye ubutabazi bw’ibanze. Byitezwe ko uyu mubare waziyongera mu 2016.
TANGA IGITEKEREZO