Biga amanywa bagakora imirimo itandukanye nijoro; irimo iyo mu bigo bicunga umutekano, ubuyede ku nyubako zo muri Kigali, gukora mu tubari no gucuruza ‘Mituyu’.

Baganirije IGIHE ku by’ubwo buzima bavuga ko babunyuramo mu buryo bwo kwishakira ibizubizo nubwo biba bigoye.

Abaganiriye na IGIHE bafite icyiciro cya kabiri cya Kaminuza, mu mashami atandukanye barangijemo mbere y’umwaka w’amashuri wa 2018/19 muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda.

Bavuze ko mu gihe bigaga, amafaranga y’inguzanyo yo kubatunga, yazaga atinze kandi adashobora gukemura ibibazo umunyeshuri wiga muri Kaminuza aba afite. Bemeza ko ‘nubwo abantu bababona bishimye bambaye amakanzu, abenshi bab barize bari mu buzima butoroshye.’

Icyo gihe ngo buruse yashoboraga gutinda kugeza no ku mezi abiri cyangwa atatu.

Cyakora bavuga ko batagombaga guhagarika amasomo cyangwa ngo buri gihe basabe ababyeyi amafaranga kandi bazi ko yari amaze kubashiraho babishyurira amashuri yisumbuye.
Habanabakize yatangiye kaminuza mu 2013/14. Avuga ko mu gihe cyabo, amafaranga y’inguzanyo yo kubatunga yazaga atinze kuburyo byasabye ko atekereza uburyo bwo kunyura muri ubwo buzima adahagaritse amasomo, asaba akazi muri kimwe mu bigo bicunga umutekano mu Rwanda.

Ati “Byaturutse ku buzima nari mfite igihe narimo kwiga, hari ibintu by’ibanze nari nkeneye kandi nkabona nta bundi bufasha mfite buturuka ahandi ngo bumfashe kubibona. Byansabye kureba ubundi buryo nakoresha kugira ngo mbone ibyo nkeneye, bimfasha no mu masomo yanjye.”

Habanabakize wakoraga ijoro akiga amanywa avuga ko hari igihe gahunda y’amasomo yahuriranaga n’iy’akazi.

Ati “Hari igihe wabaga uzi ko ejo muziga mugitondo noneho wowe ukazakora akazi nimugoroba, wajya kumva ukumva ku kazi baraguhamagaye bakakumenyesha ko uzakora mugitondo, byahitaga biba imbogamizi bikagorana kugira ngo uhitemo kimwe, utagomba gutakaza ka kazi kubera akamaro kagufitiye kandi n’ishuri hari icyo uriteganyaho.”

Yahitagamo akazi, “Akenshi nahitagamo akazi, kuko kabaga kari bumfashe mu buzima bwa buri munsi kandi wenda izo mpinduka zikaba uwo munsi umwe, ubwo nahitagamo kujya gukora akazi uwo munsi ubundi amasomo nkagerageza kubaza bagenzi banjye.”

Kayishema na we wakoze akazi ko gucunga umutekano mu ijoro yiga amanywa, avuga ko byari bivunanye ariko nta kundi yagombaga kubigenza.

Ati “Usibye se bimwe bavuga ngo intore yishakira ibisubizo, naho ubundi Umunyarwanda aravuga ngo ni nko ‘gusomesha amata amaganga’ kubera ko buriya uko umuntu ateye aba agomba kugira igihe cyo gukora n’igihe cyo kuruhuka.”

Kayishema avuga ko byabaga ikibazo igihe yagombaga gutangira akazi saa kumi n’imwe n’igice z’umugoroba, agasimburwa saa kumi n’ebyiri za mugitondo ariko hakaba igihe umusimbura akererewe kugeza saa mbili. Ishuri naryo rigomba gutangira saa mbili cyangwa saa tatu.

Ati “uruhande rw’amasomo narwo rurangirika cyane, tuvuge niba waraye ku kazi nijoro, mugitondo ntabwo ubona umwanya wo kuruhuka, n’ahantu uba ukorera ntabwo aba ari hafi y’aho wiga ni ahantu biba biribugusabe gukora urugendo kugira ngo ugere ku ishuri, noneho tekereza ukoze urugendo nk’urwisaha, kenshi unaza no ku ishuri wanakererewe.”

Avuga ko hari igihe yakoreraga umukoro (assignment) mu kazi nijoro yajya kuyitanga mugitondo agasanga yakererewe.

“Ni ukuvuga ngo akenshi akazi k’ijoro gatangira saa kumi n’imwe n’igice ariko kugira ngo udakererwa, uhagera saa kumi n’imwe na makumyabiri ukageza saa kumi n’ebyiri bashobora no gukererwa kugusimbura wenda bakagusimbura na saa mbili, ashobora no kukubwira ngo sindibuze ugategereza ko baguha undi akahagera nka saa tatu, ishuri noneho ryo rigeze kure, mwarimu nawe ikizamini yagitanze, n’icyo uyifite waraye ugikora kukigezayo ugasanga igihe cyo kuyitanga cyarangiye. ”

Ibyo ngo byakubitiragaho no kuba wagera ku ishuri ukaba ‘uhari udahari’ kubera umunaniro no guhangayika.

Ku rundi ruhande, hari ababibonamo ubwenge bwo gukoresha ubumenyi no kwirwanaho bigomba kuranga umuntu wize kaminuza, nkuko Nsengimana Raphael wize acuruza ‘mituyu’ yabibwiye IGIHE.

Yavuze ko we yigaga nijoro. Yafashe, icyemezo cyo gucuruza ‘mituyu’ kugira ngo yunganire umubyeyi we umwe asigaranye.

Ati “Byandindaga ubushomeri no gusaba umubyeyi wanjye amafaranga ya hato na hato.”

Nsengimana yashoboraga kwinjiza ibihumbi 80 Frw akamwunganira mu mibereho ye, kuburyo yabashaga kwishyura inzu y’ibihumbi 30 Frw yabagamo.

Avuga ko mugenzi we wamweretse iyo nzira, yaje guhindura ajya mu bucuruzi bw’imboga yakoreraga ahazwi nko kwa Mutangana, ubu ageze ku rundi rwego, ariyo mpamvu we abifata nko gufungura inzira hakiri kare kuko icyizere cyo gukora ibyo umuntu yize ari gike.

Ati “Uwo wanzanye ubu afite inzu atahamo, afite n’imodoka agendamo.”

Ibiraka bipfa kutabangamira imyigire

Umuyobozi wungirije wa Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ushinzwe iterambere, Dr. Charles Murigande, avuga ko muri rusange hari abiga kaminuza bakora bitewe n’ibyiciro barimo.

Abo ngo bagirwa inama yo gukoresha igihe neza kugira ngo amasomo atabapfana cyangwa akazi kagapfa.

Ati “Abanyeshuri biga bakora tubagira inama yo kugira gahunda, gukoresha igihe neza ngo hatagira ibihagarara. Birumvikana nta mategeko ya kaminuza agenga abiga bakora n’agenga abiga badakora ari amwe. Iyo utujuje ibisabwa ngo utsinde waba ukora wiga cyangwa udakora mwese abareba kimwe. Byasaba ko usubiramo, usibiramo byasaba ko uhagarikwa, urahagarikwa.”

Akomeza agira ati “Mu mategeko ya kaminuza ahari ubu nta ribuza umuntu kwiga akanakora. Niko bimeze ku Isi hose.”

Nubwo muri rusange abiga kaminuza bose basabwa nibura kwitabira amasomo ku kigero cya 80% ku biga bahabwa inguzanyo na leta, ngo bikwiye kurushaho kwitabwaho bakabyubahiriza.

Umuyobozi w’Inama nkuru y’amashuri makuru na za Kaminuza, Dr. Emmanuel Muvunyi, avuga ko kwiga ukora hari aho bishoboka kandi ntacyo bitwaye, ariko ko hari n’aho bishobora kubangamira imyigire.

Ati “Iyo hajemo gusiba uba watangiye kwiga nabi. Naho biriya ni ukubyamagana cyane turibaza ko ari amakosa niba ishuri ridakurikirana uburyo abanyeshuri bubahiriza aya masaha. Ntabwo ashobora kugera kubiteganyijwe ko amenya niba atujuje ayo mabwiriza ngenderwaho yo kwiga.”

Abakora, mu bigo bicunga umutekano, akenshi bakorera hagati y’ibihumbi 30,000 Frw na 50,000 Frw.

Inguzanyo ya buruse yagiye ivugwaho gutinda kugera ku banyeshuri kandi ikaba nkeya ariyo mpamvu bagiye bashaka uburyo bwo kwirwanaho ngo babeho.

Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2017/18 yanganaga n’ibihumbi 25,000 Frw, iza kongerwaho ibihumbi 10,000 Frw mu mwaka wa 2018/19, aba 35,000 Frw ahabwa abanyeshuri biga muri Kaminuza ku nguzanyo ya leta.