Ibyaranze ubuzima bw’Umwamikazi Elizabeth II watanze ku myaka 96

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Ibyaranze ubuzima bw’Umwamikazi Elizabeth II watanze ku myaka 96

Yanditswe na Iradukunda Serge

Kuya 8 September 2022 saa 08:10

Yasuwe :

Yavuzweho:

Umwamikazi w’u Bwongereza, Elizabeth II yitabye Imana ku myaka 96 azize uburwayi.

Amakuru y’uko ubuzima bw’uyu Mwamikazi butameze neza yamenyekanye kuri uyu wa 8 Nzeri 2022, bitangajwe n’ibiro by’ibwami mu Bwongereza

Elizabeth II yatanze aguye mu rugo rwe ruri mu gace ka Balmoral muri Ecosse.

Itangazo ryatanzwe n’Ubwami bw’u Bwongereza rivuga ko Umwamikazi Elizabeth yatanze atababaye ndetse ko umubiri we uzagarurwa i Londres ku wa Gatanu. Bivuze ko uyu mugoroba uri bugume mu gace ka Balmoral.

Umwamikazi Elizabeth II yabonye izuba kuwa 21 Mata mu 1926 ahabwa amazina ya Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor. Yavukiye mu Murwa Mukuru w’u Bwongereza, Londres ku gikomangoma Albert (Nyuma waje guhinduka Umwami VI) na nyina witwaga Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon.

Mu bwana bwe, wari ufite akazina k’agatazirano ka ‘Lilibet’ nta wigeze acyeka ko azaba Umwamikazi, ibi byatumye akura mu buzima busanzwe kandi burimo kwisanzura atari ku gitutu cy’uko ariwe uzaragwa ingoma.

Mu bijyanye n’amashuri, Elizabeth na murumuna we, Margaret bigishirijwe mu rugo n’abarimu bihariye bari babashakiye. Mu masomo yize harimo, Igifaransa, Imibare n’Amateka. Aya bayabangikanyaga n’amasomo yo kubyina ndetse n’ajyanye n’ubugeni.

Ubwo Intambara ya kabiri y’Isi yatangiraga, Elizabeth n’uyu murumuna we bahungishirijwe hanze ya Londres.

Muri ibi bihe nibwo yaje no kumenyekana binyuze mu mbwirwaruhame yavuze mu 1940 ahumuriza abana bagirwagaho ingaruka n’iyi ntambara, aho yagize ati “Byose bizarangira bisubiye mu buryo, Imana izatwitaho ubundi iduhe intsinzi n’amahoro”.

Ababonye iyi mbwirwaruhame batunguwe n’ubuhanga ndetse n’ubwitonzi bwa Elizabeth wari ufite imyaka 14 gusa.

Yongeye kugaragara mu ruhame mu 1942 yerekwa ingabo z’u Bwongereza, ni igikorwa cyabaye nyuma y’iminsi mike ahawe na se umwanya w’icyubahiro mu ngabo z’ibwami uzwi nka ‘Colonel-in-Chief’.

Nyuma y’iki gikorwa, Elizabeth yatangiye kujya agaragara inshuro nyinshi aherekeje ababyeyi be mu birori bitandukanye byaberaga mu Bwongereza.

Mu 1945, Elizabeth yagiye kwifatanya n’abandi bagore bari mu bikorwa byo gufasha abasirikare b’iki gihugu bari mu ntambara.

Nubwo yabikoze igihe gito, Elizabeth yagiye agaragara yitoza gutwara imodoka z’intambara yiga no kuzikora igihe zapfuye.

Yabaye umuragwa mu buryo butunguranye

Ubwo sekuru wa Elizabeth (Umwami George V) yatangaga mu 1936, umuhungu we w’imfura, Umwami Eduard VIII yimye ingoma, ariko muri iki gihe yari ari mu rukundo n’umugore wo muri Amerika witwa Wallis Simpson.

Umwami Eduard VIII yaje guhitishwamo kugumana ikamba ry’ubwami cyangwa kurihara kuko yateganyaga kurongora umunyamahanga, byaje kurangira uyu mwami ahisemo kwigumanira n’uwo yakunze ikamba araritanga.

Ibi byabaye nk’intangiriro y’urugendo rw’amahirwe kuri Elizabeth kuko ikamba ryahise rifatwa na se (Umwami George VI) mu 1937.

Umwami George VI witwaga Albert yafashe iri zina rya George kugira ngo akomezanye umurage wa se.

Elizabeth yimye ingoma ku wa 6 Gashyantare 1952, nyuma y’uko Se, Umwami George VI atanze.

Yimitswe ku mugaragaro kuwa 2 Kamena mu 1953, ubwo yari afite imyaka 25.

Yiswe Elizabeth wa kabiri kuko yari ahuje izina na nyina, muri icyo gihe wafatwaga nawe nk’Umwamikazi kuko yari umugore w’Umwami, mu gihe Elizabeth II we yari Umwamikazi kuko ari umuragwa w’ingoma.

Yarongowe na mubyara we

Mbere gato yo kwima ingoma, ku wa 20 Ugushyingo mu 1947 Elizabeth yakoze ubukwe na Philip Mountbatten akaba mubyara we ariko wa kure.

Elizabeth yahuye bwa mbere na Philip, umwana w’Igikomangoma cy’u Bugiriki, Andrew ubwo yari afite imyaka 13.

Bivugwa ko kuva iki gihe Elizabeth yatangiye gukunda uyu musore wari ukiri muto, ndetse ubucuti bwabo buhera ubwo kugeza aho bisanga bari mu rukundo.

Urukundo rwabo rwabanje kwitambikwa na se wa Elizabeth kuko nubwo Philip yari afite inkomoko mu muryango w’ibwami mu Bugiriki no muri Denmark, nta butunzi buhambaye yari afite kandi akagaragara nk’umusore w’igisare.

Mu 1948, Elizabeth II na Philip bibarutse umwana wabo w’impfura bamwita ‘Charles’, mu 1950 bamukurikije uw’umukobwa bamwita Anne. Nyuma babyaye abandi bahungu babiri umwe bamwita Andrew undi bamwita Edward.

Harakurikiraho iki?

Mu 1969, Umwamikazi Elizabeth II yatangaje ko umuhungu we Charles ariwe uzamusimbura ku ngoma ndetse anamugira Igikomangoma cya Wales mu Bwami bw’u Bwongereza. Ibi bivuze ko ibigiye gukurikiraho byose biraba bijyanye n’imyiteguro yo kumwimika.

Mbere y’ishyingurwa rya Elizabeth II, Igikomangoma Charles kizatangaza Ijambo rya mbere nk’Umwami w’u Bwongereza rizatangirwa ahitwa ‘Hyde Park’ mu Mujyi wa Londres, ahazakorerwa ibirori byo kumwimika. Muri aka gace, hashyinguye Umwami George VI ubyara Elizabeth II. Elizabeth nawe yari yamaze kwemeza ko yifuza kuzashyingurwa muri aka gace.

Umwami Charles nahitamo gukomeza gukoresha iryo zina, azahita ategura ingendo zo kuzenguruka igihugu cye abonana n’abayobozi batandukanye. Mu bitangazamakuru byo mu Bwongereza, cyane cyane nka BBC, izanyuzaho inkuru na filime zigaruka ku buzima bw’uyu Mwamikazi.

Nyuma y’iminsi ine Elizabeth II atanze, mu karasisi kadasanzwe k’Ingabo z’u Bwongereza, umubiri w’Umwamikazi uzavanwa mu Ngoro y’Ubwami werekezwe Westminster Hall, ahakorerwa imihango y’ibwami nko gusezera ku bami n’abamikazi ndetse n’ibindi. Uyu mubiri uzahamara iminsi ine, abantu batandukanye bemerewe kujya kuwusezeraho.

Ishyingurwa rye rishobora kuzakorwa nyuma y’iminsi iri hagati ya 10 na 12 atanze. Uwo munsi uzagirwa uw’ikiruhuko mu gihugu cyose cy’u Bwongereza.

Saa Tanu z’amanywa z’umunsi azashyingurwaho, inzogera izavuga maze hafatwe igihe cyo gutuza mu gihugu hose. Umubiri we uzasohorwa, unyuze hagati y’abashyitsi ibihumbi bibiri bazitabira uwo muhango, aho bazubika imitwe yabo mu gihe umugogo w’uyu Mwamikazi uzaba uri gutambutswa.

Uyu mugogo uzaremera mu modoka yabugenewe utambagizwe uganishwa muri ‘Windsor Castle,’ Ingoro izwi cyane kandi imaze igihe kinini, ubundi utambagizwe ugana kuri Shaperi ya St George ihereye muri iyi Ngoro, nyuma nibwo uzashyingurwa.

Nyuma y’igihe atanze, hazaba umuhango wo kwambika ikamba umwami Charles hongere hatangwe undi munsi w’ikiruhuko mu Bwongereza.

Hazabaho impinduka nyinshi, aho ifoto iri mu mafaranga akoreshwa muri icyo gihugu izahindurwa, ari nako bizagenda kuri kashi zikoreshwa mu nzego z’ubuyobozi muri icyo gihugu.

Nyuma y’itegurwa ry’umuhango wo gushyingura no kwimika umwami mushya u Bwongereza buzaba bumaze gukoresha akayabo k’amapawundi ari nako hategurwa impinduka nyinshi. Pasiporo, imyambaro y’inzego z’umutekano n’ibindi bitandukanye, byose bizakorwaho impinduka.

Indirimbo yubahiriza Igihugu izahindurirwa izina ireke kwitwa ‘God save the Queen’ ahubwo yitwe ‘God save the King’ bisobanura ngo ‘Mana bana n’Umwami.’

Ibihugu bigize Commonwealth ndetse n’ibindi birebererwa n’Ubwami bw’u Bwongereza bizakira Umwami mushya.

Elizabeth II niwe umugore wa gatandatu mu bayoboye ubwami bw’u Bwongereza, akaba ariwe muyobozi wayoboye igihe kinini mu mateka y’u Bwongereza.

Elizabeth II yabaye Umwamikazi mu 1952, akaba ari we umaze igihe kirekire ku ngoma mu mateka y’ubu bwami. Ni umwe mu bamikazi bakunzwe cyane ku Isi bitewe ahanini n’uburyo yakunze kwigaragaza mu bikorwa bifasha ikiremwamuntu ndetse n’uruhare yagize mu gukemura ibibazo bikomereye Isi.

Uyu Mwamikazi yagize uruhare mu gutangiza imiryango itegamiye kuri leta irenga 600, yafunguwe mu bihugu bitandukanye by’Umuryango uhuza ibihugu bikoresha ururimi rw’Icyongereza, Commonwealth.