Ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside muri aka gace ikwirakwizwa by’umwihariko n’umutwe w’iterabwoba wa FDLR ugizwe ahanini n’abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ikomeje kumunga RDC no gushyira mu kaga abaturage bavuga Ikinyarwanda muri iki gihugu.

Abaturage bavuga Ikinyarwanda bagize 5% by’abaturage bose ba Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo. Biganje mu Burasirazuba bw’igihugu, muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo n’Amajyaruguru.

Amateka agaragaza ko aba baturage bamwe bisanze muri Congo kuko ubutaka bari batuyeho bwashyizwe kuri icyo gihugu buvuye ku Rwanda n’u Burundi ubwo hacibwaga imipaka mu nama y’i Berlin yagabanyije Afurika mu 1884.

Abandi bahagiye mu gihe cy’ubukoloni bajyanywe n’Ababiligi kujya gukora mu birombe by’amabuye y’agaciro no gushakira ubundi butunzi abakoloni, bagumayo gutyo.

Ikibazo cy’abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda cyatangiye kuzamuka cyane nyuma y’ubwigenge bwa Congo mu 1960 ubwo hagabanywaga ubutaka, abiyita abanye-Congo gakondo bashaka kubwima abavuga Ikinyarwanda bafataga nk’abanyamahanga.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, abaturage bavuga Ikinyarwanda muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, bakunze gufatwa nk’intandaro y’ibibazo by’umutekano mucye muri iki gihugu bakanashinjwa ko ari abanyarwanda.

Mu 1970 Mobutu Sese Seko wari Perezida yabihaye umurongo, hashyirwaho itegeko riha ubwenegihugu Abanye-Congo bose barimo Abanyarwanda n’Abarundi bageze muri icyo gihugu mbere ya 1950.

Kugeza ubu ariko, mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu abaturage bari gukora imyigaragambyo basaba Leta kwirukana abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda ngo basubire iwabo.

Kuki abavuga Ikinyarwanda bibasiwe?

Hambere ubwo umutwe wa M23 wuburaga imirwano ukomeje guhanganamo n’ingabo za Leta, FARDC. Abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda bakomeje guhura n’akaga, aho bamwe bicwa, abandi bagatotezwa bagakorerwa ibikorwa bya kinyamaswa.

Mu mpera z’icyumweru gishize muri Kaminuza yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Harvard University, habaye ikiganiro cyagarukaga ku muzi w’ikibazo cy’abavuga Ikinyarwanda muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo n’umutekano muke mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari.

Umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Kent, Mvuka Alex, yavuze ko itegeko nshinga rya RDC ryemeza ko abavuga ikinyarwanda muri iki gihugu [Rwandophones] ari abanye-Congo, ariko ikibazo gihari ari uko bakomeje kubonwa nk’abanyamahanga.

Mvuka yagaragaje ko ibibazo by’abavuga ikinyarwanda bidakwiye guhuzwa na M23 kuko na mbere ya 1990 n’ubundi muri iki gihugu hari ubwicanyi bukomeye bwo kwica abatutsi, bikaba byaraje no gukomereza mu Rwanda muri Jenoside.

Umwarimu wigisha isomo rya Jenoside muri Kaminuza Dickinson College Dr Jean Pierre Karegeya, yavuze ko ikibazo gikomeye ari uko abavuga ikinyarwanda babaye muri RDC guhera muri za 60 ariko iteka iyo havutse umutekano muke cyangwa hegereje amatora usanga ubuyobozi bubabonaho ikibazo.

Ati “Aba bantu bahabaye mu myaka ya za 60 ariko iyo havutse ibibazo by’imitwe y’iterabwoba n’umutekano muke, amatora n’ibindi, usanga bitakana abavuga ikinyarwanda muri iki gihugu. Ni ikibazo cyakabaye kiganwa ubushishozi mu kugishakira igisubizo.”

Aba basesenguzi bagarutse ku mitwe yitwaje intwaro yibasiye uburasirazuba bwa Congo ahanini bitewe nuko ikurikiye ubutunzi bw’abanyamulenge n’abatutsi bavuga ikinyarwanda, iki kibazo kikaba kimaze imyaka myinshi.

Umushakashatsi akaba n’umunyamakuru kuri politiki mpuzamahanga, Gatete Ruhumuriza Nyiringabo yagaragaje ko ibibazo by’umutekano muke uvugwa muri iki gihugu bituruka ku kutagira ubuyobozi buhamye.

Gatete Ruhumuliza yavuze ko bitewe n’ubuyobozi bujegajega muri RDC, buri bwoko bw’abaturage bwagiye bushinga imitwe yo kwirwanaho ari nayo ntandaro yo kuba hari imitwe y’abarwanyi bitwaje intwaro ariko batarwanira ubuyobozi.

Ati “Bazi neza ko nibatirinda ubwoko bwose buzatsembwa bugashira.”

Mu gisirikare cya FARDC kigizwe n’abasaga ibihumbi 150, harimo benshi bo mu Burasirazuba bw’igihugu by’umwihariko mu duce twa Kivu zombi ahavugwa Ikinyarwanda.

Mu mwaka wa 2020 byavugwaga ko muri icyo gisirikare harimo abafite ipeti rya Général basaga 20, aba-colonel basaga 30, ba Lt Colonel basaga 35, ba Major basaga 50 mu gihe 300 bafite ipeti rya Capitaine. Ubwo abo ku mapeti yose hasi ho ntiwabara.

Abarwanya Leta ya Congo bakunze kwinubira ko Abasirikare bakuru b’Aba-Rwandophones by’umwihariko Abatutsi bari mu gisirikare cya Congo, baruta kure bagenzi babo bo mu yandi moko atuye muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo n’Amajyaruguru.

Nyamara, abenshi mu bo muri ayo moko avuga Ikinyarwanda, bari mu bamaze igihe barwanira uburenganzira bwabo ku buryo ubuhanga bwabo mu kurwana budashidikanywaho.

Ibiri kuba byageranywa na Jenoside

Ikibazo cy’imvugo z’urwango ziri kubibwa n’abashinzwe umutekano muri Congo zishobora kugeza ku bwicanyi ndengakamere.

Urugero ni aho mu minsi ishize, Umuyobozi wa Polisi mu Mujyi wa Goma, yahamagariye abaturage, gufata imihoro bakitegura kwikiza umuntu wese w’Umututsi. Ibyo yabivugaga ashinja u Rwanda ko ruri inyuma y’ibikorwa bya M23.

Byatumye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga muri RD Congo hatangira gukwira amashusho y’abantu bafite imihoro, bigaragara ko bari mu mugambi mugari wo kwikiza ubwoko runaka bw’abantu.

Abasesenguzi basanga imvugo z’urwango zikomeje kubibwa mu banye-congo zishobora no kuvamo Jenoside kuko nubwo abo bigiraho ingaruka ari benshi ahanini usanga abibasiwe ari abavuga ikinyarwanda.

Gatete Ruhumuriza yasobanuye ko nta Jenoside yabaho hatabayeho umugambi wateguwe na Leta kandi ko ubuyobozi bwa Congo bukwiye nibura kugaragaza ko butifatanyije n’izi mvugo z’urwango ziri gukwirakwizwa mu baturage.

Mvuka Alex yavuze ko ibibazo biri kubera muri Congo hari benshi bigiraho ingaruka, aho usanga nibura 70% babasha gufashwa n’indi miryango naho 30% babashije guhunga.

Ashinja guverinoma ya RDC kunanirwa kubana n’ibihugu bituranye no kumenya umwanzi wa nyawe.

Ati “Guverinoma yananiwe kureba ni nde munyabyaha, kugeza ubu abanyabyaha bari muri FARDC, hari abakoze ubwicanyi bukomeye na Mukwege ahora agarukaho ariko bakiri mu ngabo.”

Aba basesenguzi basanga ibiri kuba muri iki gihugu bidashakiwe igisubizo mu maguru mashya bishobora kuganisha no kuri Jenoside.

Monusco yataye ibaba

Imyaka irakabakaba 23, Umuryango w’Abibumbye wohereza ingabo zawo zizwi nka MONUSCO ngo zigarure amahoro mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Muri iyo myaka yose, izo ngabo zisa nk’izananiwe inshingano zo kugarura amahoro kuko imitwe yitwaje intwaro yakomeje kwiyongera muri iki gihugu aho kuri ubu irenga 130.

Mvuka Alex yavuze ko utitaye no ku mafaranga yishyurwa MONUSCO, buri mwaka izi ngabo zahaye urwaho imitwe yitwaje intwaro aho kuyirandura.

Ati “Bari hariya kurebera no guherekeza ibigo bya Leta gusa. Hari ikibazo cy’imiyoborere ubwayo itameze neza, ntabwo bigeze bakemura ikibazo cy’amakimbirane. Ikibazo gikomeye muri Congo ni ukuri ku biri kuba. Iturufu yo gutanya abaturage yabaye intwaro ikomeye ku ba dipolomate ba Kinshasa.”

Yagereranyije akamaro k’izi ngabo za MONUSCO n’ak’ingabo zari mu Rwanda mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ntizigire icyo zikora kandi zifite inshingano zo gucunga umutekano.

Yagaragaje ko nibura ikintu gishoboka MONUSCO yagakwiye gukora ari ukurinda abaturage by’umwihariko amatsinda mato no kugarura amahoro mu gihugu aho kuba umutaka w’imitwe y’iterabwoba.

M23 ikomeje imirwano n'ingabo za FARDC hafi ya Goma