Uramutse uvuze imbarutso y’iterambere ry’igihugu, ukibagirwamo ingufu z’amashanyarazi, buri wese yakwamagana, kuko bizwi ko hari byinshi bitakorwa zidahari, nk’imirimo y’inganda, ubuvuzi, uburezi n’iyindi.
Hari byinshi u Rwanda rwakoze mu ngeri zinyuranye ariko muri iyi nkuru turibanda cyane kuri bimwe mu byo umwaka wa 2018, usigiye urwego rw’ingufu nk’imwe mu nkingi ya mwamba y’iterambere.
Abafite amashanyarizi bariyongereye
Abanyarwanda bafite amashanyarazi bagenda biyongera. Mbere yo mu 2000, abari bayafite bari munsi ya 10%. Leta yagiye ishyiramo imbaraga zidasanzwe igendeye ku cyerekezo 2020 giteganyaga ko abayafite bazaba ari 75%.
Umwaka wa 2017 warangiye abantu bafite amashanyarazi basaga 34.5%, ubu bariyongereye barenga 45%. Ingo zirenga miliyoni 1,27 zifite amashanyarazi yaba akomoka ku zuba cyangwa ku muyoboro mugari, izacaniwe mu 2018 zirenga ibihumbi 101.
Ingano y’amashanyarazi yarongerewe
Umuvuduko kandi ugaragarira mu kongera ingano y’amashanyarazi u Rwanda rufite ubushobozi bwo gutanga. Nko mu 2010, rwatunganyaga Megawatt (MW) 100,4.
Umwaka wa 2017 warangiye rushobora gutunganya MW 209,09 ariko ubu rutunganya izisaga MW 220.9. Bivuze ko rwongereyeho nibura MW 11,81 mu 2018. Gusa uyu mwaka siwo ziyongereye cyane kuko mu 2014 rwagize MW 156.08 ruvuye kuri MW 119.58, bivuze ko hiyongereyeho MW 36.5.
Ubu bwiyongere buturuka ku ngomero z’amashanyarazi zagiye zubakwa zirimo urwa Nyabarongo I, urwa Rusizi III, umushinga wa KivuWatt ubyaza Gaz Méthane yo mu Kivu MW25, izimaze igihe n’amashanyarazi akomoka ku zuba.
Muri uyu mwaka, huzuye urugomero rwa Rwaza I ku mugezi wa Mukungwa mu karere ka Musanze, rutanga MW 2,6.
Ibiciro by’amashanyarazi byaravuguruwe
Muri Kanama uyu mwaka, ibiciro by’amashanyarazi byasubiwemo, ku nganda biragabanywa, bisimbura ibyaherukaga gushyirwaho ku wa 1 Mutarama 2017, bigamije gufasha gahunda ya Leta yo koroshya ishoramari.
Ku mashanyarazi akoreshwa mu ngo, abakoresha kWh (0-15) ku kwezi, igiciro cyagumye kuri 89Frw kuri kWh; abakoresha kWh(15-50) kiguma kuri 182 Frw, abakoresha hejuru ya kWh 50 kiva ku 189Frw kigera kuri 210Frw.
Ahatari mu ngo, hagati ya kWh 0-100 igiciro cyavuye kuri 189Frw kigera kuri 204Frw kuri kWh naho abakoresha hejuru ya KWh100 ku kwezi, igiciro kiva ku 199Frw kigera kuri 222Frw kuri kWh.
Muri aya mavugurura, inganda zahawe umwihariko zishyirwa mu byiciro bitatu birimo inganda nto zikoresha umuriro utarenga kWh 22000 ku mwaka; inganda ziciriritse zikoresha hagati ya kWh 22000-66000 n’izikoresha kWh guhera kuri 660000.
Ikigo Ngenzuramikorere, RURA, cyavuze ko zizajya zishyuzwa amashanyarazi hagendewe kuri ibyo byiciro n’igihe cy’umunsi uruganda ruri kuyakoreshamo.
Sitasiyo nshya n’imiyoboro byarubatswe
Muri uyu mwaka, u Rwanda rwungutse Sitasiyo zifasha kuringaniza amashanyarazi kugira ngo agere ku baturage afite ingufu ziri ku gipimo gikenewe zigera kuri esheshatu zirimo iya Ndera, Rulindo, Gifurwe, Mont Kigali, Gabiro na Gahanga. Muri rusange ubu rufite sitasiyo 26.
Hari kandi n’umuyoboro munini wa Rulindo-Gabiro-Musha wuzuye muri uyu mwaka ureshya na km 119 wiyongera ku yindi ireshya na 1 139Km iri mu gihugu hose. Iyi niyo igaburira sitasiyo ziri hirya no hino.
Umuriro utakara waragabanyijwe
Sosiyete y’u Rwanda Ishinzwe Ingufu (REG) igaragaza ko hari intambwe yagiye iterwa mu kugabanya ingano y’amashanyarazi atakara. Nko mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2016/17 amashanyarazi yatakaraga yari ku gipimo cya 21.1% ariko ubu yaragabanutse agera kuri 19,6%.
Serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga
REG igaragaza ko ikomeza gukora ibishoboka mu guha abakiliya serivisi inoze, hagamijwe koroshya ishoramari mu gihugu. Ibisanzwe bimenyerewe byari ukugura amashanyarazi hifashishijwe telefone ariko mu Ukwakira uyu mwaka hanashyizweho urubuga, ushaka guhabwa amashanyarazi ashobora kunyuraho, akuzuza ibisabwa abakozi ba REG bakaza kuwumushyirira mu nzu adataye umwanya.
Inama ziga ku ikoreshwa ry’ingufu
Muri uyu mwaka, u Rwanda rwakiriye inama zitandukanye zigamije guteza imbere urwego rw’ingufu. Urugero nko mu Ukwakira, rwakiriye inama yigaga ku kubyaza umusaruro amazi y’amashyuza.
Iyi nama yahurije hamwe abasaga 500 bafite ubumenyi mu gutunganya ingufu yaba abo muri Afurika n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa.
Hari n’indi yiga ku kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga mu gukwirakwiza ingufu (Africa Smart Grid Forum) yabaye mu Ukwakira n’izindi, zose zigamije gushakira hamwe uko urwego rw’ingufu rwarushaho gutera imbere.
Izi nama kandi zanagize uruhare mu mafaranga Leta yinjije ikuye mu nama yakiriye mu 2018 asaga miliyari 45Frw nk’uko bigaragazwa na Rwanda Convention Bureau.
Ubwato buzifashishwa mu bushakashatsi mu kiyaga cya Kivu
Mu Ukuboza 2018, Minisiteri y’ibikorwa remezo yungutse ubwato bwa miliyoni 837 Frw buzifashishwa mu bushakashatsi mu kiyaga cya Kivu, bugamije kurushaho kubyaza umusaruro iki kiyaga.
Inzego zitandukanye zemeje ko buziye igihe mu kongera ingufu zakoreshwa nk’amashanyarazi cyangwa gaz yo guteka, hagabanywa ibicanwa ndetse no mu kubungabunga ibidukikije
Itegeko rihana abiba amashanyarazi
Ku wa 21 Nzeri 2018 nibwo u Rwanda rwashyizeho itegeko rigenga kubungabunga no kurengera ibidukikije kamere. Iryo tegeko ni naryo riteganya ibihano ku muntu wiba amashanyarazi cyangwa ibindi byaha bifitanye isano nayo, ubusanzwe iyo yafatwaga yahanwaga nk’undi wakoze icyaha cyo kwiba.
Ingingo yaryo ya 51 ivuga ko ‘Umuntu winjira muri mubazi mu buryo butemewe, ukoresha uburyo butemewe mu gufata, gukurura, kuyobya, gutuma hafatwa, havanwa ku muyoboro w’umuriro w’amashanyarazi cyangwa ukoresha umuriro w’amashanyarazi yahawe mu buryo bw’uburiganya cyangwa butemewe n’amategeko aba akoze icyaha.’
Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’amezi atandatu ariko kitarenze umwaka n’ihazabu y’amafaranga Rwanda atari munsi ya 1.000.000 frw ariko atarenze miliyoni eshanu cyangwa kimwe gusa muri ibyo bihano.
TANGA IGITEKEREZO