Icyaha cy’ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge mu Rwanda gihanwa ndetse kigateganywa n’Ingingo ya 263 y’itegeko riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, aho rivuga ko “umuntu wese ufatwa urya, unywa witera, uhumeka, cyangwa wisiga mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose ibiyobyabwenge byoroheje cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo aba akoze icyaha.”

Iyo ukekwa abihamijwe ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka iri hagati y’umwe n’ibiri cyangwa imirimo rusange.

Umuntu wese ukora, uhinga, uhindura, utunda, ubika, uha undi, ugurisha mu gihugu ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko ahanishwa:

Igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda arenze miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 FRW) ariko atarenze miliyoni mirongo itatu (30.000.000 FRW) ku byerekeye ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye.

Igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka makumyabiri (20) ariko kitarenze imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda atari munsi ya miliyoni cumi n’eshanu (15.000.000 FRW) ariko atarenze mililiyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 FRW) ku byerekeye ibiyobyabwenge bikomeye.

Igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka irindwi (7) ariko kitarenze imyaka icumi (10) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda atari munsi ya miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 FRW) ariko atageze kuri miliyoni icumi (10.000.000 FRW) ku byerekeye ibiyobyabwenge byoroheje.

Iyo ibikorwa bivugwa mu gika cya 2 n’icya 3 by’iyi ngingo bikorewe ku mwana cyangwa bikozwe ku rwego mpuzamahanga, igihano kiba igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda arenze miliyoni mirongo itatu (30.000.000 FRW) ariko atarenze miliyoni mirongo itanu (50.000.000 FRW).

Imibare ya RIB igaragaza ko mu 2018/19 abakurikiranyweho iki cyaha bari 6067, mu 2019/2020 iyi mibare yarazamutse igera kuri 6759. Mu 2020/2021 abakurikiranywe bagabanutseho gato bagera kuri 5733. Umwaka wa 2021/2022 aba bantu bongere kuzamuka kuko hafashwe 6608.

Muri aba bose, abafashwe bari munsi y’imyaka 18 bageraga kuri 744 bangana na 3%; abari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 30 bari 14.765, bangana na 58,7%; abakurkiranywe bari hejuru y’imyaka 30 bo bari 9658 bangana na 38,4%.

Muri rusange abagore bari 3732 bahwanye na 14,8% naho abagabo bari 21.435 bangana na 85,2%.

Intara y’Iburasirazuba niyo iza ku isonga mu kugaragaramo abantu bakoze iki cyaha kuko abahafatiwe bose bangana 7122 (bangana na 28,3%), Ikurikirwa n’Umujyi wa Kigali ufite abantu 5953 (bangana na 23,7%). Hakurikiraho Intara y’Amajyaruguru n’abantu 5675 (22,5%), ku mwanya wa kane haza Intara y’Amajyepfo ifite abantu 3486 (13,9%) hagaheruka Intara y’Uburengerazuba ifite abantu 2931 bangana na 11,6%.

Mu biyobyabwenge byafashwe harimo ibiri mu rwego ruhambaye nka cocaine, heroine n’urumogi. Hafashwe kandi ibikomeye nka mayirungi, shisha, rwiziringa na electronic cigarette. Ibiyobyabwenge byoroheje byafashwe harimo inzoga z’inkorano zitujuje ubuziranenge.

Urubyiruko ruri mu mashuri rurugarijwe

Imibare RIB yasesenguye mu myaka ine igaragaza ko ibiyobyabwenge byiganje mu bantu bari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 30, biganjemo urubyiruko ruri mu mashuri.

Aha niho Umuvugizi wa RIB, Dr Murangira B. Thierry ahera avuga ko ibigo by’amashuri bikwiriye kuba maso ndetse bikaka n’ubufasha bw’inzego zitandukanye aho bibaye ngombwa.

Ati “Ibigo by’amashuri, RIB irabisaba kugenzura abana kuko na bo harimo ababyinjiza cyangwa ababicuruza. Turashishikariza abayobozi b’amashuri kwifashisha Rwanda Forensic Laboratory, Ni ikigo cyashyizweho gifite ubushobozi bwo gupima uwanyoye ibiyobyabwenge bakamenya ingano y’ibyo afite mu maraso.”

“Icyo gihe iyo ubashije kumenya ikigero afite hari uwo bigaragaza ko yari agitangira, uwo na we bizafasha kugira ngo asubizwe mu buzima busanzwe. Ndetse ni na byiza ko umubyeyi wese amenya uko umwana we ahagaze. Iyo umenye ko afata ibiyobyabwenge umenya uko umufata ukamwigisha, ushobora no kumukurikirana hakiri kare akabireka.”

Dr Murangira yakomeje asaba ababyeyi nabo kugira uruhare mu gukurikirana imyitwarire y’abana babo.

Ati “Dusaba ababyeyi ko igihe cyose bakeka ko umwana wabo ashobora kuba akoresha ibiyobyabwenge yajya muri Rwanda Forensic Laboratory akamupimisha kuko bizamufasha kumenya niba abinywa cyangwa atabinywa. Yasanga abinywa bikamufasha kumujyana mu kigo ngororamuco mbere y’uko aba imbata y’ibiyobyabwenge kuko iyo amaze kuba imbata biba bigoye ko yakira.”

Ubujura buri ku isonga

Nubwo ikoresha ry’ibiyobyabwenge riri kugenda rifata indi ntera mu Rwanda sicyo cyaha cya mbere cyakozwe n’abantu benshi nk’uko tubikesha imibare ya RIB yo kuva mu 2019 kugeza mu 2022.

Iyi mibare igaragaza ko icyaha cyiza ku isonga mu gukorwa n’abantu benshi ari ubujura.
Igitabo cy’amategeko ahana y’u Rwanda kigaragaza ko ubujura bubarizwa mu byiciro bitandukanye, hari ubwa nijoro, ubukoresheje intwaro, ubukoresheje kiboko n’ibikangisho n’ubundi.

Imibare igaragaza ko kuva mu 2019 kugeza mu 2022 abakurikiranyweho iki cyaha ari 73.690, muri bo abagera kuri 42.607 bari munsi y’imyaka 30. Iki cyaha cyihariye 58% y’ibyaha bitanu bya mbere bikorwa cyane mu Rwanda.

Gukubita no gukomeretsa

Icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa nicyo cyiza ku mwanya wa kabiri muri bitanu bikorwa n’Abanyarwanda ku bwinshi.

Amategeko agaragaza ko iki cyaha gishobora gukorwa mu buryo butandukanye, hari igihe umuntu ashobora gukubita cyangwa agakomeretsa umuntu bikamuviramo ubumuga, gukubita umuntu cyangwa kumukomeretsa byamuviramo urupfu ndetse n’igihe umuntu yakubise cyangwa agakomeretsa umuntu udashobora kwirwanaho. Ibi byose umuntu ashobora kubikora yabigambiriye cyangwa atabigambiriye.

Imibare ya RIB igaragaza ko mu Rwanda abantu 72.428 bakurikiranyweho iki cyaha kuva mu 2019 kugeza mu 2022. Abakoze iki cyaha bari munsi y’imyaka 30 bari 26890.

Gusambanya abana nabyo bireze

Icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa gikurikirwa n’icyo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, ku mwanya wa kane hakaza icyo gusambanya abana.

Gusambanya abana ni icyaha kigenwa n’ingigo ya 190 mu gitabo cy’amategeko ahana y’u Rwanda, aho ivuga ko “Gusambanya umwana ni imibonano mpuzabitsina yose cyangwa ishingiye ku bitsina ikorewe umwana uko yaba ikozwe kose n'icyaba cyakoreshejwe cyose.”

Ingingo ya 191 ikomeza ivuga ko “Umuntu wese usambanyije umwana, ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu cy‟umwihariko.”

Kuva mu 2019-2022 abakurikiranyweho iki cyaha mu Rwanda ni 14.798, barimo 9 560 bari munsi y’imyaka 30.

Icyaha cya gatanu cyugarije Abanyarwanda ni ikijyanye no gukoresha ibikangisho, aho cyakozwe n’abantu 12 571 barimo 3507 bari munsi y’imyaka 30.