Kuva Coronavirus yagera mu Rwanda tariki 14 Werurwe uyu mwaka, abagize umuryango ni ukuvuga umugabo, umugore, abana n’abandi bari mu ngo kubera ibihe byashyizweho bya Guma Mu Rugo.
Ni umwanya wafashwe na bamwe nk’umwiherero wo kwitekerezaho no gusangira inshingano zimwe na zimwe zo mu rugo nko gutekereza icyateza umuryango imbere, gufatanya imirimo no kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa mu miryango.
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Umuryango Nyarwanda, ActionAid Rwanda, Josephine Irene Uwamariya, avuga ko muri ibi bihe umuryango ugomba gushyira hamwe ugafatanya muri byose.
Yagize ati “ Kurwanya ihohoterwa mu muryango ni inshingano ya buri wese kandi bisaba ko umugabo n’umugore babigiramo uruhare. Turasaba imiryango yose kugira izi nshingano kandi tukubaka ingo zibereye abana kuko ni bo cyerekezo cy’ejo.”
Yakomeje avuga ko gufatanya imirimo yo mu rugo, ari uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya ihohohoterwa mu muryango.
Ati “Muri ibi bihe abantu bari mu ngo, ni umwanya mwiza aho abagize umuryango bicara bagakemura bimwe mu bibazo bari bafitanye kandi bakanatekereza ku cyateza imbere umuryango cyane ko nyuma y’ibi byose baba bazasangira ibyiza byabyo.”
Uwamariya avuga ko ahakigaragara ibibazo by’ihohoterwa, abantu bakwiye kujya batanga amakuru mu nzego za Leta ku buryo bihagurukirwa.
Hari imwe mu mirimo ikorwa n’abagore ariko idahabwa agaciro
Imirimo ikorwa n’abagore n’abakobwa ariko ntihabwe agaciro usanga ikubiyemo nko gutegura amafunguro, kwita ku bana cyangwa abarwayi, gukora amasuku n’ibindi.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko iterambere ry’umugore n’iry’ibihugu ridashobora kugerwaho mu gihe abagore bagiharirwa imvune zo gukora imirimo yo mu rugo, ibi bigatuma ubusumbane hagati y’abagabo n’abagore bukomeza kubaho, bukadindiza umugore mu bijyanye no kwiga no gukora imirimo ibyara inyungu ndetse bigashyira abagore mu byago byinshi byo gukorerwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina no kutajya mu myanya ifata ibyemezo.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Abakozi (ILO) mu 2019 bwerekanye ko ku isi, abagore muri rusange bakora imirimo yo mu rugo amasaha 4h n’iminota 25(4h25) mu gihe abagabo bakora imirimo yo mu rugo isaha imwe n’iminota 23 (1h 23min). Isesengura ry’amakuru yaturutse mu bihugu 28, ryerekanye ko agaciro k’imirimo ikorwa mu ngo ariko idahabwa agaciro kari hagati ya 12% na 40% by’Umusaruro Mbumbe w’Igihugu - GDP (UNDP, 2015).
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na ActionAid Rwanda umwaka ushize (2019) ku bijyanye n’amasaha abagore n’abagabo bo mu gihugu hose bakora iyi mirimo yo mu rugo ndetse n’ingaruka z’iyi mirimo ku iterambere ry’umugore, bwagaragaje ubusumbane bukabije bw’amasaha abagore n’abagabo bakora iyi mirimo yo mu rugo, aho abagore bo mu cyaro bakora iyi mirimo amasaha 6, abo mu mijyi mito bakayikora amasaha 5 n’aho abo mu mijyi minini bakayikora amasaha 2 kuko baba bafite abakozi bayibafasha; mu gihe abagabo bo mu cyaro bo bayikora amasaha 2, abo mu mijyi mito n’iminini bakayikora isaha 1.
Isesengura ryakozwe mu Turere 5 ActionAid Rwanda ikoreramo (ku bagore bahuguwe ku bijyanye no gusaranganya imirimo yo mu rugo hagati y’abagize umuryango bose kugira ngo abagore babone umwanya wo gukora indi mirimo ibabyarira inyungu) ryagaragaje ko aba bagore bongereye umwanya yo gukora imirimo ibabyarira inyungu kuva ku masaha 5 kugeza ku masaha 7, ibi bikaba byaratumye ubukungu bwabo bwiyongera kuva ku 8% kugeza kuri 12%.
Impamvu y’igabanuka ry’amasaha abagore bakoramo imirimo yo mu rugo
ActionAid Rwanda ivuga ko iri gabanuka ry’amasaha abagore bakora imirimo yo mu rugo ryatewe n’impamvu zitandukanye, harimo ubukangurambaga bwakozwe, abagabo bamwe bakaba baratangiye kumva imvune abagore bahura nazo ndetse batangira no kubunganira mu gukora iyo mirimo, ibikorwaremezo byashyizweho na Leta n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa bifasha abagore kubona amazi n’ibicanwa hafi yabo n’ibindi.
Imirimo idahabwa agaciro igira ngaruka ki ku mugore?
Imirimo ikorwa n’abagore mu ngo ariko idahabwa agaciro, iyo abagize umuryango, umugabo, abana n’abandi baba mu ngo batayisaranganyije ngo bagabanye igihe umugore amara ayikora ndetse n’imvune imutera, bigira ingaruka ku iterambere rye, iry’umuryango n’iry’igihugu muri rusange.
ActionAid Rwanda igaragaza ko “Iyi mirimo ituma umugore atabona umwanya wo gukora indi mirimo ibyara inyungu, umwanya wo kujya mu myanya ifata ibyemezo cyangwa kwitabira gahunda za Leta. Ibi bigatuma ubukungu bw’umuryango budindira n’ubw’igihugu muri rusange.”
Umukoro ku bagize umuryango mu gihe cya Guma Mu Rugo
ActionAid Rwanda ivuga ko mu gihe abenshi mu Banyarwanda bari mu ngo ishishikariza abagize umuryango,cyane cyane abagabo n’ abana b’abahungu, kwitabira gahunda yo kunganira abagore n’abana b’abakobwa muri iyi mirimo, bityo abagore n’abakobwa na bo bakabona umwanya wo gukora ibindi bikorwa bibafasha kuruhuka no kwidagadura.
Hari abagabo babyitabira ndetse bakwiye gushimwa gusa ngo hari n’abandi baca intege bagenzi babo bafasha abagore bavuga ko barozwe cyangwa babaye inganzwa.
Hari kandi n’abagore baca intege bagenzi babo, bavuga ngo kuba umugabo yakora iyo mirimo ari uguta umuco.
Ihuriro hagati y’imirimo y’abagore idahabwa agaciro n’ihohoterwa ribakorerwa
ActionAid Rwanda ivuga ko imirimo idahabwa agaciro kuba ikorwa n’abagore n’abakobwa gusa, ubwabyo ngo ni ihohoterwa kuko ubundi yakagombye gusaranganywa kugira ngo buri wese abone umwanya wo gukora ibimuteza imbere no kwidagadura.
Ivuga ko uretse ibyo kandi, iyi mirimo na yo ari imwe mu ntandaro zikomeye z’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore n’abakobwa.
Ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore ni iki?
Ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore n’abakobwa ni kimwe mu bikorwa byo guhonyora uburenganzira bwa muntu bikomeje kugaragara, kandi byangiza ubuzima bwabo ku Isi.
Iri hohoterwa ryigaragaza mu buryo butandukanye harimo gukubita, guhohotera imitekerereze, gufata ku ngufu, gukoreshwa imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato, gusambanya umwana, gushyingirwa ku gahato, kubwirwa amagambo agutoteza mu muhanda cyangwa kuri internet, gukata ibice by’igitsina n’ibindi.
Bikunze kubaho nko mu gihe cy’ibyorezo cyangwa intambara, abagore n’abakobwa bakunze guhohoterwa cyane mu buryo butandukanye.
Joy Katushabe utuye mu Murenge wa Mukarange mu Karere ka Kayonza, avuga ko kuva iki cyorezo cyatangira, yagiye abona hari ibyo atumvikanaho cyane n’uwo bashakanye.
Agira ati “Mu gihe twajyaga mu kazi wabonaga akenshi tutagira umwanya wo kuganira ku bibazo by’urugo. Nyuma y’aho iki cyorezo cyadutse twese tukaguma mu ngo, nabonye ibintu bihinduka, njye nibwiye ko wenda byatewe n’uko amafaranga yagabanutse kubera akazi kahagaze.”
“Ubona ko umugabo yatangiye kudashaka ko tuganira ku bibazo bihari, ntabwo turwana ariko iyo umuntu ubona adashaka kukuvugisha nabwo uba ubona ko ari ihohoterwa nk’irindi ryose.”
Hakizimana Jean Paul utuye mu Murenge wa Kiramuruzi mu Karere ka Gatsibo, we avuga ko “Birakwiye ko abantu bashyira hamwe muri ibi bihe abantu bari mu rugo, burya iyo ushaka ko urugo rutera imbere ni ngombwa ko mwumva ibintu kimwe kuko muba mwaranabisezeranye gufatanya.”
Gusa na we avuga ko muri iki gihe hari ingo zirangwamo ibibazo byo kutumvikana, akenshi bikaba ngo biterwa n’uko baba bananiwe kumvikana ku mafaranga make barimo kubona.
Loni yaburiye Isi ku ihohoterwa
Tariki ya 5 Mata 2020, Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, António Guterres, yaburiye abatuye Isi ko kuva mu kwezi kwa Gatatu ubwo icyorezo cya Coronavirus cyakwirakwiraga Isi yose, ibibazo by’ubukungu n’imibereho n’ubwoba byiyongereye ndetse hakaboneka ubwiyongere bukabije mu ihohoterwa rikorerwa mu ngo.
Yanatangaje ko mu bihugu bimwe, umubare w’abagore bahamagara serivisi zifasha abahohotewe wikubye kabiri.
Loni ivuga ko n’ubwo gufunga ibikorwa no kujya mu kato ari iby’ingenzi mu guhashya ibyorezo nka COVID-19, ariko bishobora gushyira abagore mu mutego wo kuba mu nzu bari kumwe n’ababahohotera kandi batari bubone n’uko batabaza.
Gusa ngo hari n’igihe kuguma hamwe mu rugo kw’abagize umuryango cyane cyane abashakanye, bituma abari bafitanye ibibazo babona umwanya wo kubicoca, bakiyunga, bakabana neza kurusha uko bahoze babana mbere.
Ihohoterwa rihagaze rite mu Rwanda
Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Ubugenzacyaha, RIB, ruvuga ko mu bihe byo kuguma mu rugo ibyaha by’ihohoterwa byagabanutse.
Umuvugizi wa RIB, Marie Michelle Umuhoza, yavuze ko “Hagati ya tariki 22 Werurwe na 19 Mata uyu mwaka, twakiriye ibirego bigera kuri 295 bifitanye isano n’ihohoterwa ribera mu miryango.’’
Ibi bigaragaza ko habayeho igabanuka rya 38% ugereranyije na mbere ya Guma Mu Rugo.
ActionAid Rwanda ivuga ko uwabona iki kibazo ashobora gutabaza ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze zimwegereye cyangwa agahamagara kuri nimero za telefoni zitishyurwa zirimo iya RIB: 116 / 3512, iya Polisi y’Igihugu:112, iya MIGEPROF: 2560 n’iya GMO: 5798.
ActionAid Rwanda ni UmuryangoNyarwanda , uharanira kurwanya ubukene no guteza imbere uburenganzira bw’umugore cyane cyane wo mu cyaro.
Uyu muryango kandi ugamije kugira uruhare mu kurandura ubukene n’akarengane, hibandwa ku guhangana n’intandaro y’ubukene no guteza imbere uburenganzira n’ubukungu bw’umugore.
ActionAid yatangiye gukorera mu Rwanda mu 1982; ikorera mu Turere dutanu aritwo Nyanza, Gisagara, Nyaruguru, Musanze na Karongi.
TANGA IGITEKEREZO