Dr Uwamariya yavukiye i Nyamasheke ku wa 14 Gicurasi 1971, yiga amashuri yisumbuye muri Groupe Scolaire Sainte Famille i Nyamasheke akomereza mu yahoze ari Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda aho yakuye impamyabumenyi mu by’ubutabire (Organic Chemistry).

Yabonye impamyabushobozi y’ikirenga mu 2013. Mbere yo kuba Minisitiri w’Uburezi, Dr Uwamariya yabaye umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe amahugurwa, guteza imbere inzego n’ubushakashatsi muri Rwanda Polytechnic.

Asimbuwe na Twagirayezu Gaspard wasaga nk’aho amwungirije, uzaba akorana na Irere Claudette nk’Umunyamabanga wa Leta. Bigaragara ko inshingano Irere yari afite nk’Umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga n’amashuri y’ubumenyingiro zahujwe n’izo Twagirayezu yari asanganwe.

Minisitiri Twagirayezu ni uwa 16 mu baragijwe iyi Minisiteri yakunze gufatwa nk’igoranye bitewe n’uko hari abayigeragamo bagahita bavamo rugikubita.

Bikimara kumenyekana ko Minisitiri Uwamariya yakuwe muri Minisiteri y’Uburezi, hari benshi bahise bitsa kuri bimwe mu byakozwe ku ngoma ye bishobora gutanga umusanzu mu kugera ku ireme ry’uburezi biramutse bikomeje kubakirwaho.

Izamurwa ry’umushahara wa mwarimu

Umwaka urashize Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ifashe umwanzuro wo kuzamura umushahara w’abarimu, abayobozi b’amashuri n’abandi bakozi bafasha mu burezi kuko ku wa 1 Kanama 2022 ari bwo uyu mwanzuro wafashwe.

Ibi byajyanye no kongera amafaranga leta ishyira muri Koperative Umwalimu SACCO
nk’inkunga igamije gufasha mwarimu kurushaho kubaho neza no gutanga uburezi bufite ireme binyuze mu mibereho myiza.

Kuzamura umushahara wa mwarimu byari bitegerejwe igihe kirekire ndetse imibereho mibi y’abarimu yagiye igira ingaruka ku mwuga wabo n’ireme ry’uburezi.

Benshi bawusezeraga igitondo n’ikigoroba bajya gushaka "iyo bweze" kugeza ubwo abagera ku bihumbi 10 bawuvagamo buri mwaka.

Iyi nkuru itangazwa hari ababanje gushidikanya ku kuri kwayo nk’uko umwe mu barimu yabitangaje. Ati “Ubusanzwe iyo waganiraga n’umuntu ukamubwira ko uri mwarimu yahitaga aguca intege bigendanye n’umushahara muto twari dufite. Iyi nkuru kuyumva byabanje kuntungura kuko numvaga ko ibyo bintu bidashoboka rwose. Ubu turishimye cyane kuko nanjye navuga ko ndi umukozi wa Leta noneho.”

Yavuze ko kongererwa umushahara bizamufasha kuzamura umusaruro no gukora akazi arushaho kugashyiraho umutima.

Guca akajagari ka babyeyi

Muri Nzeri 2022 ni bwo amabwiriza agenga iby’imitangirwe y’amafaranga y’ishuri mu buryo bungana yatangajwe.

Umunyamakuru wa Kigali Today, Anne-Marie Niwemwiza, yagize ati "Hari ’babyeyi’ zacicikanaga mu mashuri ya leta zisaba amafaranga mu buryo buhoraho ababyeyi bagahora bafite umutwaro ku buryo usanga ibirenga kuri ‘minerval’ bishobora kuyiruta."

"Icy’uko amashuri agira amafaranga y’ishuri ari ku rugero rumwe ibirengaho ababyeyi bakabyumvikanaho n’ishuri byorohereje bamwe mu babyeyi muri leta, igitutu bashyirwagaho kiragabanuka."

Amafaranga y’ishuri ku biga mu Nderabarezi Rusange yaragabanyijwe kimwe n’abiga mu mashuri ya tekiniki, imyuga n’ubumenyingiro mu rwego rwo gushishikariza abarangije icyiciro rusange kuyoboka ibi byiciro by’amasomo.

Ikindi ni uko ishami ryigisha abafasha b’abaforomo (Associate Nursing) ryongeye gusubizwaho mu mashuri yisumbuye, itangira ry’umwaka w’amashuri risubizwa muri Nzeri.

Ibyo guterura byasubiwemo

Ikindi kintu cyari cyararijije benshi igihe kirekire, ni ukubona umubare munini w’abanyeshuri barangiza amashuri abanza batazi gusoma no kwandika Ikinyarwanda cyoroheje bitewe n’uko babaga barimuwe [barateruwe] bataratsinze.

Umwanzuro wo kongera gusibiza abatsinzwe wafashwe ku bwa Dr Uwamariya. Ni ikintu kizamura ireme ry’uburezi nk’uko Niwemwiza yakomeje abisobanura.

Hari kandi impinduka mu mitangirwe y’ibizamini bya leta no kubara amanota mu mabwiriza ya Minisitiri w’Uburezi yo ku wa 26 Nyakanga 2022 agenga imikoreshereze y’ibizamini bya leta mu mashuri bisoza amashuri abanza, icyiciro rusange cy’amashuri yisumbuye, icya kabiri cy’ayisumbuye mu nyigisho rusange, amashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro ndetse n’ay’imbonezamwuga.

Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibizamini n’ubugenzuzi bw’amashuri (NESA) ni cyo cyahawe izi nshingano kandi na cyo ni gishya kuko cyashyizweho mu 2020 kimwe n’igishinzwe guteza imbere amashuri y’Imyuga n’Ubumenyingiro (Rwanda TVET Board).

Kubaka ibyumba byinshi by’amashuri mu gihe gito

Nubwo atari we wenyine wabikoze [inzego zitandukanye zabigizemo uruhare] ndetse bikaba byaratangiye mbere y’uko ahabwa inshingano, ni bwo bwa mbere mu gihugu hubatswe ibyumba byinshi by’amashuri mu gihe gito hagamijwe kugabanya ubucucike bw’abanyeshuri.

Inzego z’uburezi zitangaza ko ibyumba by’amashuri bigera ku 22500 byubatswe hirya no hino mu gihugu ari nako abarimu bashyirwa mu kazi ari benshi.

Ku mashuri 102 yisumbuye y’ubumenyi rusange hashyizwe amashami ya tekiniki, imyuga n’ubumenyingiro (TVET Wing); ibigo birindwi bya TVET ku mipaka, kuri ubu hari kubakwa ibindi bigo nk’ibyo 90 ku buryo bizatangira mu mwaka utaha w’amashuri. Hazaba hasigaye imirenge 24 itagira ishuri rya tekiniki, imyuga n’ubumenyingiro mu gihugu.

Leta ifite intumbero y’uko mu 2024 abagana TVET bazaba bageze kuri 60%. kugeza muri Mata 2022 ibipimo byagaragazaga ko abamaze kuyoboka aya masomo bageze kuri 31,9%.

Ibya buri minisitiri n’agashya ke bizakomeza?

Kuva amashuri yongera gutangira nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi kugeza kuri Minisitiri Twagirayezu Gaspard, nibura abagera kuri 16 ni bo bamaze gusimburana muri Minisiteri y’Uburezi, mu myaka 29.

Ukoze impuzandengo buri wese yayimazemo umwaka n’amezi umunani. Icyakora hari abagerageje kuyimaramo kabiri n’abakandagijemo ikirenge bagahita bagishinguzamo.

Uko bayisimburanyemo ari benshi ni na ko impinduka zayikozwemo zitagira ingano zaba izishingiye ku ndimi zigishwamo, integanyanyigisho, abaterankunga mu burezi, ikoranabuhanga n’ibindi.

Niwemwiza yavuze ko kuba runaka yayobora Minisiteri bitavuze ko ari we iba yubatse ku mutwe “ngo tuvuge ko nagenda ayitemberana maze nihaza undi na we yubake iyi. Ni politiki y’igihugu iba irimo kugenda ishyirwa mu bikorwa.”

Nyamara impinduka mu burezi zagiye zijyana n’impinduka mu baminisitiri baragijwe Mineduc.

Yakomeje agira ati “Yenda imiterere y’umuntu igira uruhare mu gushyira mu bikorwa ibiba byateganyijwe ariko ntabwo navuga ko ubwo agiye bizarangira cyane ko umusimbuye bakoranaga. Biroroshye ko azakomereza mu mujyo bari barimo.”

Undi musesenguzi yabwiye IGIHE ko minisitiri mushya yari akwiye kubakira ku byiza byakozwe akabinoza kugira ngo uburezi buzabashe kugira uruhengekero. Ati “ Wabona abihiritse ariko ntabwo bikwiye.”

Uyu we yatunze urutoki integanyanyigisho avuga ko zifite ibibazo. Ati “Hari izitaberanye n’igihe tugezemo ku buryo hari amasomo abana biga atagize icyo abamariye mu rwego rwo guhanga umurimo.”

“Ikindi ni uko integanyanyigisho dufite mu mashuri y’incuke, abanza n’ayisumbuye bisa nk’aho nta Rwanda rurimo. Harimo umuco w’amahanga ku buryo umwana arangiza ugasanga yabaye ’ikiburaburyo’; ni uruvangavange. Nibarebe ukuntu binjizamo u Rwanda ku buryo umwana yiga amasomo yose ariko afatiye kuri filozofi y’u Rwanda kuko n’ubundi nibarangiza kwiga bazaza gukorera ino aha.”

Dr Uwamariya Valentine yari Minisitiri w'Uburezi kuva muri Gashyantare 2020

Twagirayezu Gaspard ni we Minisitiri w'Uburezi mushya