Umuvuduko w’Isi ugomba kujyana no guha abana intwaro zose zizabafasha kugira imitekerereze ihamye n’indangagaciro zizabafasha kugera ku ntsinzi. Ni ngombwa kandi ko izi ndangagaciro bazitozwa bakiri bato mu rwego rwo kubarinda guhura n’ibishobora kubahutaza.
Kubahiriza iri hame bijyana by’umwihariko no guha abana uburenganzira bwabo butuma mu bibakorerwa byose bahabwa intebe y’imbere.
Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w’Umwana w’Umunyafurika, wizihizwa tariki ya 16 Kamena buri mwaka, washyizweho mu rwego rwo kwibuka no kuzirikana abana b’abakobwa bishwe umunsi nkuriya mu 1976, mu myigaragarambyo yakozwe n’abanyeshuri bo mu gace ka Soweto muri Afurika y’Epfo.
Ubereyeho kwibutsa ko ihame ryo kurinda ubusugire bw’ubuzima bw’abana n’uburenganzira bwabo bigirwamo uruhare n’ibigo na gahunda zitandukanye zibageza ku nzozi zabo. Ni n’impuruza isaba Isi guhaguruka igaharanira ko izi gahunda zigera ku bana benshi b’Abanyafurika.
Mu myaka umunani, abaturage ba Afurika bavuye kuri miliyari 1.04 bagera kuri miliyari 1.28, kandi muri bo miliyoni 580 ni abana. Afurika yihariye kimwe cya kane cy’abana bose bari ku Isi, mu gihe mu Rwanda, 42.9% by’abaturage bose bafite munsi y’imyaka 15.
Iyi mibare igaragaza ko bashobora kwiyongera ku buryo hakoreshwa izindi mbaraga mu guharanira ko abana bagerwaho na serivisi nziza z’ubuvuzi n’uburezi bufite ireme ndetse bakongererwa ubushobozi kugira ngo bazagire ubushobozi bwo kurwana urugamba rw’iterambere rirambye rya Afurika.
Mu gushyira ibuye kuri uyu musingi, Imbuto Foundation yubakiye ku bikorwa bigamije iterambere n’imibereho myiza, gukurikirana izamuka ry’abaturage kuva mu bwana, ubugimbi n’ubwangavu kugeza ku bakuze.
Gahunda ya mbere ya Imbuto Foundation yarebanaga n’umuryango yatangijwe mu 2001, mu rwego rwo gushakira igisubizo icyorezo cya Virus itera Sida (VIH/SIDA), cyari cyaratijwe umurindi n’abafashwe ku ngufu muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Imibare igaragaza ko mu 2001, 30.5% by’ababyeyi banduzaga abana babo VIH/SIDA. Ibi byatumye Imbuto Foundation, itangiza gahunda y’umuryango ishishikariza ababyeyi kwita ku by’ibanze bituma bagira ubuzima bwiza n’abana babo bakarindwa kwandura.
Muri uru rugendo, serivisi igamije kurinda ababyeyi kwanduza abana (Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission, PMTCT) yabaye ingenzi cyane mu rwego rwo guha aba bana amahirwe akwiriye yo kubaho. Gahunda nk’izi zabereye umusingi intego yo kugabanya umubare w’abagore batwite bafite ubwandu bwa Sida ku kigero cya 0.8%.
Izindi serivisi zatanzwe muri iyi gahunda harimo kuboneza urubyaro, gufasha ababyeyi kubona indyo yuzuye n’inama ku bagiye kurushinga. Kugeza uyu munsi abantu babana n’ubwandu bagera ku 26 647 bakurikiranwa na PMTCT.
Imbuto Foundation mu gufasha umwana gutsinda mu ishuri, kugira ubumenyi bw’ibanze n’ubuhanga mu ndimi, yatangije umushinga wo gushyiraho irerero (Early Childhood Development and Family, ECD&F) mu 2013. Uyu mushinga umaze kugezwa mu turere 15, ahakirwa abana bafite kugeza ku myaka itandatu, bagahabwa serivisi z’ubuvuzi n’imirire myiza. Abana 14,434 n’ababyeyi 12,856 bungukiye muri serivisi zikomatanyije zitangwa na ECD.
Kubaho Jabo w’i Rwamagana nyuma yo gutangira umwaka wa mbere w’amashuri abanza, yagize umwanya wa Mbere n’amanota 90%. Uretse gutsinda mu mashuri kandi abana banyuze muri ECD babashije kunoza imibanire ya bo n’abandi.
Ubumenyi nk’intwaro mu kongera ubushobozi
Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare mu 2017 yagaragaje ko 18.4% bavuye mu ishuri mu gihe abagera kuri 5.7% basibiye. Imwe mu mpamvu ituma umubare w’abava mu ishuri uri hejuru ni ukuba abana benshi baracibwa intege no kudatsinda neza mu ishuri gusa hatitawe ku mbogamizi bahura nazo mu myigire yabo ariko baba bakeneye amahirwe yo kwiga.
Imbuto Foundation yibanze ku kugabanya umubare w’abava mu ishuri, itangiza umushinga yise “Twige Neza Dutsinde”, ugamije gufasha abana kwiyungura ubumenyi binyuze mu guhuriza abanyeshuri n’abarezi mu matsinda. Ikizibandwaho muri iyi gahunda kuri ubu iri mu turere 10, mu mashuri atanu muri buri karere ni ugufasha abanyeshuri kumenya kubara no gusoma neza.
Ibindi bibazo bihangayikishije bijyanye n’abangavu bo mu Rwanda badasobanukiwe neza iby’ubuzima bw’imyororokere n’uburenganzira bwabo, kubera ko akenshi baba batarabonye ubumenyi buhagije kuri iyi ngingo.
Mu guharanira ko aba bakobwa batuza, Imbuto Foundation yabongereye ubushobozi binyuze mu mushinga wiswe 12+, uha abafite imyaka iri hagati ya 10-12 ubumenyi ku bijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere no mu miyoborere. Aba bana b’abakobwa kandi bafite bagenzi babo bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 18-25 babaganiriza ku mbogamizi bahura na zo kandi bumva batekanye.
Gukomeza urugamba rw’ejo hazaza huje uburumbuke
Imibare y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe kurwanya Sida (UNAIDS) ishimangira ko Afurika yateye intambwe igaragara mu kurwanya iki cyorezo aho abana bandura bagabanutse kugera kuri 56%.
Igabanuka ry’iyi mibare rikwiye kujyana no guha urubyiruko amakuru ahagije ku buzima bw’imyororokere, uburenganzira bwabo ndetse na VIH/SIDA, nk’intambwe y’ibanze muri uru rugamba.
Umusanzu wa Imbuto Foundation utangwa binyuze muri gahunda igamije gutanga amakuru ku buzima bw’imyororokere yitwa ASRH&R (Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights) na Mountain Movers.
Umushinga wa ASRH&R watangijwe mu 2010 uhuza urubyiruko mu mashuri no hanze yayo n’ibigo nderabuzima bibegereye aho boroherezwa kubona serivisi zitandukanye. Uwa Mountain Movers wo uha urubyiruko ubumenyi ku kurwanya VIH n’igituntu, ku buryo rugera kuri serivisi zo kwirinda no kuvura zitangirwa mu kigo nderabuzima kibegereye.
Indi gahunda ikorwa muri iyi mishinga yombi ni iyo guhana amakuru ku buzima bw’imyororokere hagati y’ababyeyi n’abageze mu bugimbi (Parents-Adolescents Communication, PAC) bituma imbogamizi zituma batisanzuranaho zivaho, bakaganira batishishanya. Mu koroshya ibi biganiro hagati ya bombi hakozwe inyandiko ibayobora yiswe ‘Tuganire Mwana Wanjye’.
Gahunda nk’izi zigira uruhare rw’ingenzi mu gutuma abana babona uburenganzira bwabo, yaba ku birebana na serivisi nziza z’ubuvuzi n’uburezi bufite ireme, bityo bakabasha kugira ahazaza heza.
Imbuto Foundation ifatanyije n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye, ikomeje urugendo rugana kuri gahunda yo kugira Abanyarwanda bafite ubushobozi uhereye ku kurinda no guteza imbere uburenganzira bw’umwana.
Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w’Umwana w’Umunyafurika ukwiye kujyana no kuzirikana umusanzu wa buri wese mu guharanira ko hashyirwaho politiki na gahunda zidasiga umwana inyuma.
Insanganyamatsiko y’uyu mwaka yagiraga iti “Kudasiga inyuma umwana n’umwe mu iterambere rya Afurika”, ihuye n’intego z’icyerecyezo cya 2030, ishobora kugerwaho binyuze mu guteza imbere uburenganzira bwa buri mwana ku bijyanye no kwiga, kuvurwa nk’intambwe za mbere mu iterambere rye.
TANGA IGITEKEREZO