Uyu munsi ugeze ku isoko, ibirayi ni bimwe mu biribwa biri kuzamuka ijoro n'amanywa kuko hari n’ibigeze ku 2000 Frw. Ibyo ni ibizwi nka Gikungu. Ibirayi bya Kinigi biri kugura hagati ya 700 Frw na 800 Frw bitewe n’uko umucuruzi yaranguye.

Ibi byatumye mu ngo, kurya ibirayi ari iby’abifite, mu tubari abajyagayo babikurikiye kugira ngo baze kwimara ipfa rya brochettes babyifashisha, ubu barya ibitoki cyangwa bakazirira aho kuko ntabwo bikiboneka. Na hamwe bisigaye, igisate kimwe cyaguraga 100 Frw ubu kiri kugura 200 Frw. Ibaze gutanga 200 Frw mu gifu ntihazemo akayaga!

Iki kibazo gikomeje gufata indi ntera ari na yo mpamvu IGIHE yakoze icukumbura ryimbitse kugira ngo tumenye ikibazo kiri mu bucuruzi bw’ibirayi.

Umusaruro wo mu Majyaruguru n’Uburengerazuba wagiye he?

Mu turere tw’Amajyaruguru n’Iburengerazuba haturukaga umusaruro mwinshi w’ibirayi, muri iki gihe wabaye muke, bituma usa n’uwihariwe n’abahinzi n’imiryango yabo, bagahitamo kutawujyana ku isoko.

Ubuhamya bw’umuhinzi ntangarugero mu Karere ka Musanze, Karegeya Apollinaire, buvuga ko nyirabayazana w’ihenda ry’ibirayi ari imihindagurikire y’ibihe by’umwihariko ibiza byibasiye Intara y’Amajyaruguru n’iy’Iburengerazuba muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka.

Icyo gihe ngo abahinzi bari bafite ibirayi mu mirima byarahombye ku kigero cya 80% nyuma y’aho bitwawe n’amazi, ibisigaye urubura rurabicoca. Ibyo byabaye by’umwihariko mu Mirenge ya Nyange na Kinigi mu gihe byari byitezwe ko bazasarura muri Kamena na Nyakanga.

Ngo uwarose nabi burinda bucya! Icyo kivuyeho haje izuba rihera muri Kamena rigeza mu itangiriro za Nzeri. Abashyize imbuto mu butaka icyo gihe aho kumera yahiriye mu butaka kubera ko imvura ya Nyakanga itabonetse.

Karegeya yagize ati “Kugeza uyu munsi umusaruro w’ibirayi ntawo dufite bitewe n’izo mpamvu ebyiri, ari cyo gituma n’ibiciro bigenda bizamuka.”

Inkuru ya Karegeya yuzuzwa n’iya mugenzi we Nzabarinda Isaac uvuga ko ari igihombo kubona imbuto bateye mu mezi arenga abiri ashize ugira utya ukabona ubu ari bwo zitangiye kumera.

Uyu we afite icyizere ko kubera imvura yabonetse, mu kwezi kwa 11 umusaruro uzongera kurumbuka ku buryo ikilo cy’ibirayi gishobora gusubira kuri 400 Frw.

Mu Kinigi ikilo cy’ibirayi ubu ni 750 Frw. Ni ubwa mbere bigurwa amafaranga angana gutyo. Nubwo bimeze bityo nta byo bafite byo kohereza ku masoko mu buryo bwagutse nk’uko bisanzwe.

Ku rundi ruhande ariko abahinzi bafite mu mirima ibirayi babarirwa ku ntoki muri Musanze na Nyabihu aho umunyamakuru yabashije kugera ku wa 21-22 Nzeri 2023.

Ku mihanda ya Nyabihu aho byari bimenyerewe ko abahisi n’abagenzi bakeneye ibirayi babibona ndetse bakabyiyama, muri iki gihe kubihasanga ni tombola.

Mu isoko rya Byangabo ntihiburira; Kinigi nziza igura 700 Frw ku kilo ariko kwigondera icyo giciro si ibya buri wese. Ibiri munsi yabyo ni 650 Frw.

Ibiboneka ku isoko rya Kigali bikomoka muri Malawi

Umwe mu bacuruzi baranguza ibirayi i Nyabugogo, Uwanyirakuru Justine, yabwiye IGIHE ko mu Majyaruguru n’Uburengrazuba nta birayi bari kubonayo.

Ibyo bacuruza babikura ku mupaka wa Malawi na Tanzania ahitwa Mbeya. Bamwe bemeza ko bituruka muri Malawi abandi bakabihakana.

Ibyo bifatirwa kuri uwo mupaka birimo ubwoko bubiri; hari ibimeze nka Kinigi yo mu Rwanda n’iby’umweru bisanzwe byitwa ‘Kirundo’.

Kinigi igurwa 800 Frw aho Mbeya, byagera Nyabugogo bikagurishwa kuva ku 1000 Frw [ku baranguza] na ho iby’umweru bikagurishwa kuva kuri 600 Frw.

Umuturage ugiye ku isoko guhaha, ibyo birayi abibona nibura hiyongereyeho amafaranga 200 Frw ku kilo kimwe.

Mu gushaka kumenya ukuri kw’ibyo Uwanyirakuru avuga, IGIHE yashatse abacuruzi bo ku mupaka wa Tanzania na Malawi, badusobanurira uko ibintu byifashe.

Ubusanzwe, u Rwanda nta masezerano rufitanye na Malawi mu buhahirane. Bivuze ko ibicuruzwa nk’ubunyobwa, iyo bivanywe muri Malawi bijyanywe mu Rwanda, bigera muri Tanzania bikandikwa nk’aho ariho bigiye kugarukira, hanyuma abacuruzi bo mu Rwanda bagahabwa impapuro zivuga ko ariho babikuye.

Ntabwo IGIHE yigeze ibona amakuru y’ukuri agaragaza ko hari ibirayi biva ku mupaka ari naho urujijo ruzira mu buryo abavuga ko babikura muri Tanzania babyinjiza mu Rwanda.

Abo twaganirije ni abari ku mupaka wa Tunduma. Aha ni hafi y’umupaka wa Zambia, ibilometero 200 kugira ngo ugere Kasumuru. Nta birayi byinjira muri Tanzania bahabona.

Umwe mu bazi neza uburyo ubucuruzi kuri uyu mupaka ukorana n’abafasha abamenyekanisha imisoro, yabwiye IGIHE ati “Ku mupaka wa Malawi na Tanzania, nta birayi biri kuhatambuka mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko. Birashoboka ko bari kubinyuza mu zindi nzira. Kuko nk’ubu, Malawi ntiyemera ko ibigori bigurishwa hanze, gusa ntibikuraho ko tujya twumva byageze mu Rwanda.”

Muri Malawi, ikilo cy’ibirayi kiri kugura 280 Frw. Kugira ngo bigere mu Rwanda, ikilo kibarirwa amafaranga 400 Frw ubaze amafaranga y’urugendo n’umusoro. Bivuze ko umuntu ujya kurangura, ibirayi abigeza i Kigali bihagaze 680 Frw.

Ikiba gikurikiyeho, ni ukugena ibiciro ku giti cye. Nashaka arashyiraho 100 Frw ry’inyungu bitewe n’urwunguko yifuza cyangwa se andi ashingiye ku buryo isoko rihagaze.

Bivuze ko niba abacuruzi bari gukura ibi birayi muri Tanzania, bakabigeza mu Rwanda babigurisha 1000 Frw, bari kuryamira abaturage cyane kuko bazi neza ko nta bihari ku isoko.

Wa mucuruzi w’ibirayi Nyabugogo, yabwiye IGIHE ko uretse kuba ibiva hanze bidahagije, ngo nta n’ubwo ari ubwoko bwiza. Ikindi ni uko urugendo rurerure rwabyo rutuma byangirikira mu nzira, bikagusha mu gihombo abari muri ubu bucuruzi.

Ati “Iyo ugize ingorane imodoka igapfira mu nzira, byagera no ku mupaka wa Tanzania bikamara indi minsi nk’ibiri, uraza ukamena kubera ko urugendo ari rurerure.”

Ikindi kizonga abari muri ubwo bucuruzi ni ikiguzi cy’ubwikorezi kiri hejuru. Ikamyo yikorera toni 35 yishyurwa hagati ya miliyoni enye n’esheshatu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

Umwe mu bacuruzi ukura ubunyobwa muri Malawi akabucuruza mu Rwanda, yavuze ko ikiguzi cy’ubwikorezi kuva muri Malawi kugera i Kigali ari nka 5000 y’amadolari naho umusoro ni nka miliyoni 1,3 Frw ku Rusumo. Ku mupaka wa Malawi na Tanzania haba hatanzwe andi nk’ayo.

Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije ushinzwe ubuhinzi mu Kigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Guteza Imbere Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi, Dr Uwamahoro Florence, yabwiye IGIHE ko impamvu y’umusaruro muke akenshi iterwa n’uko muri iki gihe “tuba dusarura ibyahinzwe mu gihembwe cy’ihinga C, kandi muri cyo hadahingwa ibirayi ku buso bunini.”

Yakomeje ati “Ubu turi kwitegura igihembwe cy’ihinga 2024A gihingwamo ibirayi byinshi, ni ugukora ubukangurambaga kugira ngo abantu benshi bitabire guhinga ibirayi, babihinge ku gihe, bakoreshe inyongeramusaruro n’imbuto nziza turebe ko tuzabona umusaruro ushimishije.”

Dr Uwamahoro yahakanye ko nta makuru afite y’uko hari ibirayi biri gukurwa muri Malawi.
Hari undi mucuruzi ukorera ku mupaka wa Tanzania na Malawi wabwiye IGIHE ko bitumvikana uburyo byava muri Malawi, bikagera mu Rwanda bigura 1000 Frw.

Ati “ Ntabwo muri Malawi ibirayi bizwi cyane ku buryo bivuyeyo byagera mu Rwanda bigahenda. N’iyo babizamura, igiciro cyose wabishyiraho, wakunguka kuko niba wabiguze 300 Frw, ukongera 400 Frw y’urugendo, n’iyo wabigurisha kuri 760 Frw cyangwa 800 Frw kuko twese twunguka nka 60 Frw cyangwa 100 Frw ku kilo, wakunguka.”

“Igiceri cy’ijana kuri toni 30, ni miliyoni 3 Frw. Uba ukeneye kunguka ayo, nta mpamvu yatuma n’ababikura hanze babizamura ku buryo bigera kuri 800 Frw cyangwa 900 Frw. Ibyo ni ugukabya.”

Mu kiganiro Minisitiri w’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi, Dr Musafiri Ildephonse, aherutse kugirana na NewTimes, yabagaragaje ko mu bihingwa ngandurarugo harimo ibyuho bikwiye kuvamo amahirwe y’ishoramari.

Yavuze ko Abanyarwanda barya ibirayi birenze toni miliyoni imwe nyamara umusaruro w’ibiboneka mu gihugu ukaba ugarukira kuri toni ibihumbi 700 ku mwaka.

Ati "Ni ukubera iki twakomeza kugura ibirayi hanze nyamara tuzi ko dushobora kweza ibirayi hano, atari mu Majyaruguru gusa ahubwo no mu Majyepfo no mu Burasirazuba?”

Bizarangira bite?

Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi n’Inganda, Dr Ngabitsinze Jean Chrysostome, na we yemera ko umusaruro w’ibirayi imbere mu gihugu ari muke. Yavuze ko aho azi hava ibirayi ari muri Uganda na Kenya. Ati “Malawi tugomba kureba koko niba bivayo.”

Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubugenzuzi bw’ubuziranenge, ihiganwa mu bucuruzi no kurengera Abaguzi (RICA), Uwumukiza Beatrice, yavuze ko bagiye gusesengura amakuru y’uko ibintu bihagaze.

RICA ni cyo kigo gitanga ibyangombwa byo kwinjiza ibicuruzwa mu gihugu.

Uwumukiza yagize ati “Ku bijyanye n’ibirayi biva hanze, yego hari abacuruzi bazana ibirayi byo mu bihugu duturanye nka Kenya, Uganda na Tanzania. Ibi ni mu rwego rwo kunganira umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu kugira ngo abaturage babashe kubona ibirayi bihagije kandi badahenzwe.”

“Ku bijyanye n’igiciro cy’ibirayi muvuga ko byaba biva Malawi, twagerageje kureba ku isoko ryacu ndetse no muri sisitemu ho dutangira ibyangombwa by’ibicuruza biva hanze (import permit); twahamya kugeza ubu ko nta birayi biva muri icyo gihugu, ahubwo hari abitiranya amakuru kuko mu biva muri Tanzania hari ibituruka hafi n’umupaka wa Malawi ariko dukomeza gukurikirana kugira ngo tugire amakuru ahagije ndetse niba hari n’imigenzereze yaba itemewe tubimenye.”

Imbuto ziraboneka?

Umuhinzi w’intangarugero w’ibirayi mu Murenge wa Kabatwa mu Karere ka Nyabihu akaba n’umutubuzi w’imbuto ku rwego rw’igihugu yavuze ko kuba ibirayi biribwa byarabuze ari ikimenyetso cy’uko n’imbuto zishobora kuba nke.

Yavuze ko amahirwe ahari ari uko kugeza ubu hari ibigega nka SPF Ikigega kigerageza gukwirakwiza imbuto kikunganira abatubuzi ku giti cyabo. Ati “Ku bw’ibyo ndahamya ko bitazatugeza ku rwego rwo guhungabana, imbuto zizaboneka.”

Kugeza ubu mu turere 10 duhinga ibirayi habarizwa amashami ya SPF Ikigega agera kuri 23 aho umuhinzi ukeneye imbuto abasha kuyisanga nk’uko byatangajwe na Mudaheranwa James, ukuriye ubuhinzi muri SPF Ikigega.

Ati “Mu gihe cy’ihinga mu bigega byacu tugerageza kubika nka toni 3500 ariko kubera ko zivamo dusubizamo usanga ku mwaka twahunitse nka toni ibihumbi 15.”

“Ntabwo twakemura ikibazo turi twenyine, hari uruhare rw’abahinzi dukeneye na bo baba bagomba kwibikira imbuto. Iyo tubitse nk’izo toni 15 mu gihe cy’umwaka mu bahinzi na ho haba hari nk’izikubye inshuro eshatu kuko tubashishikariza kuticura imbuto; niba umutubuzi yagombaga kuduha toni 200, aduha 150 izindi 50 akaba yazibika bigendanye n’ubushobzi bw’ikigega aba afite.”