Imibare igaragaza ko abagore bagize 50,8% by’Abaturarwanda. Ni nabo bagaragara cyane mu buhinzi kuko mu 2018 Ubushakashatsi bwa gatanu ku mibereho y’ingo mu Rwanda (EICV5) bwerekanye ko 63% by’abagore bari bafite akazi, bakoraga ibifite aho bihuriye na bwo.

Harimo ikinyuranyo kinini ugereranyije n’abagabo kuko bo bari 43%.

Mu nama yahuje imiryango itari iya Leta n’inzego za leta zifite aho zihuriye n’ubuhinzi ku wa 14 Ukuboza 2021, hasesenguwe ibyavuye muri raporo yakozwe harebwa uko uburinganire buhagaze mu buhinzi.

Iyi raporo yakozwe hashingiwe ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politiki ya Guverinoma igamije kuzamura uburinganire mu buhinzi ya 2019-2025; abagore, abagabo n’urubyiruko bakabwisangamo.

Hagaragajwe ko mu myaka ibiri ishize iyo politiki ihari, hakiri ibyuho byo kuba abahinzi benshi batarayimenya ndetse itagaragaza neza ukwiye kubazwa inshingano z’ibitarakozwe.

Abagore barahinga abagabo bagasarura

Raporo yerekanye ko magingo aya umugore ari we uvunikira mu mirimo y’ubuhinzi by’umwihariko mu murima, byagera ku mafaranga yavuye ku musaruro akayakoraho asaba umugabo.

Ibi ngo biterwa n’impamvu zirimo umuco nyarwanda, kwitinya kw’abagore, amakuru make n’ubukangurambaga budakorwa cyane.

Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi, Dr Ngabitsinze Jean Chrysostome, yagarutse ku miterere y’iki kibazo.

Ati “Iyo urebye uburyo bw’uruhererekane rw’imirimo, [abagore] uzabasanga kenshi mu guhinga, kubagara no gukora ibindi bitandukanye. Ni na cyo twashyiriyeho iriya politiki kugira ngo dushake uko twagenda tubigabanya cyangwa nibanabikora bibabyarire amafaranga.”

“Imibare iratugaragariza ko bakirimo kandi amafaranga binjiza ntabwo ari menshi.”

Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare mu 2019 cyerekanye ko abagore 65,7% bakora ubuhinzi bwo kwihaza gusa budasagurira isoko, abagabo baburimo bo bakaba 53%.

Impamvu zabyo zigaragazwa ni uko abenshi bagihinga mu buryo gakondo, bafite ubuso buto kandi uburinganire ku ikoreshwa ry’amafumbire n’ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi ntiburubahirizwa.

Ngabitsinze yakomeje ati “Ni ho dushaka gushyira imbaraga cyane kugira ngo nabo bakore imirimo ibyara inyungu. Iriya baba bihingira cyangwa bahingira abandi, amafaranga ni make.”

Yavuze ko hari ibyatangiye gukorwa ku bufatanye n’imiryango itari iya kandi bitanga icyizere ku buryo mu 2025 hazakorwa igenzura ry’ibyagezweho hagaragara impinduka nyinshi.

Uhagarariye UN Women mu Rwanda, Fatou Aminata Lo, yavuze ko hakenewe imbaraga n’ubufatanye byisumbuye haba mu miryango itari iya Leta na Guverinoma, kandi buri ruhande rukuzuza inshingano harushaho kugaragazwa ibibazo byugarije uburinganire mu buhinzi.

Ati “Urugero rwa hafi, nubwo abagore bagaragara cyane mu buhinzi, baracyakora ubudasagurira isoko. Ntibabasha kugera ku nyongeramusaruro ifite ubuziranenge, imari, isoko ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga.”

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umuryango utari uwa Leta ushyigikira ubuhinzi (RDO), Rwibasira Eugene, yavuze ko umusaruro w’ubuhinzi ukigezwa ku isoko n’abagabo ndetse akaba ari bo bafite konti nyinshi.

Yongeyeho ati “Abagore babona inguzanyo ni bake kandi ari bo bari mu buhinzi ari benshi. Inguzanyo ziracyafatwa n’abagabo, abagore bakavuga ko badafite ingwate.”

Nyamara Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISSR) mu 2017 cyagaragaje ko abagore banditsweho ubutaka bungana na 2.160.096, naho abagabo bakagira 1.269.692.

Umuco nyarwanda, intandaro y’ikibazo

Bamwe mu bahinzi bashimangiye ko ubusumbane mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi bwigaragaza.

Umwe mu bibumbiye muri Koperative ya Karambo ya Mbere ikorera ubuhinzi bw’ibigori n’imboga muri Kayonza, Manishimwe Dieudonné, yabwiye IGIHE ko amaze imyaka 10 akora uwo mwuga.

Yavuze ko kuba abagore batagira uburenganzira busesuye ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi biterwa n’umuco abantu bakuze basanga, aho umugore atahabwaga uburenganzira buhagije nk’umugabo. Yongeyeho n’ubumenyi buke buri mu bitera iki kibazo.

Umuyobozi wa Koperative y’abahinzi ya Abajeneza ikorera muri Kayonza, Niyonsaba Divine, yagaragaje ko kwitinya kukiri mu bagore bumva ko badafite ijambo nk’abagabo na byo bitiza umurindi ikibazo.

Bombi bahuriza ku kuba iyo myumvire igenda ihinduka uko barushaho kwibumbira muri za koperative, bakungurana ibitekerezo banahabwa amahugurwa binyuze mu mushinga wiswe “Ijwi ry’Umuhinzi”.

Raporo yasabye ko Guverinoma yongera ubukangurambaga bwo kumenyekanisha politiki yo guteza imbere uburinganire mu buhinzi, abagore bakarushaho kubwisangamo. Yanagiriwe inama yo kugenzura ibikenewe byose ngo ishyirwe mu bikorwa.

Inzego zirebwa n’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye na zo zasabwe gushyiraho akazo zigafasha kumvikanisha iyo politiki.

Ubuhinzi buri ku mwanya wa kabiri mu nzego zagize uruhare runini ku musaruro mbumbe (GDP) wa 2020 aho bugize 26% na ho mu gihembwe cya agatatu cya 2021 bwari 23%.

Inyigo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ku musaruro w’Ubuhinzi mu Rwanda igaragaza ko mu gihe icyuho cy’uburinganire kibugaragaramo cyaba kizibwe, haboneka 418,6$ yiyongera ku musaruro mbumbe w’igihugu; abagera ku bihumbi 238 bazajya babona akazi buri mwaka mu gihe cy’imyaka 10.

Abagore ni bo bihariye ubutaka bunini kurusha abagabo bo mu Rwanda