Bene izo “applications” zishyirwa muri telefoni y’uwo bashaka kugenzura, akenshi bigakorwa nyiri telefoni atabizi.

Ushaka kugenzura, nawe akoresha indi telefoni agashyiramo ya “application” cyangwa akanyura ku rubuga rwa internet, akinjira kuri konti yahimbye azajya yifashisha (sign in), ubundi agatangira kubona amamenyesha (notiofications) y’ibyo uwo agenzura arimo gukora mu gihe runaka.

Ashobora kubona ’kopi’ z’ubutumwa bugufi wohereje cyangwa wohererejwe, akaba yanamenyeshwa ko uhamagawe cyangwa uhamagaye, yashaka kumviriza icyo kiganiro akabikora.

Amafoto n’amashusho yafatiwe kuri ya telefoni igenzurwa, imbuga yasuye, ubutumwa yohereje n’ubwo yakiriye, abo yahamagaranye nabo, n’aho aherereye mu gihe runaka, byose bishobora kubonwa na wa wundi uyigenzura.

Birenga aho akaba yagira n’ububasha bwo gufungura camera cyangwa “microphone” uri nko ku rubuga runaka, agafata “screenshot”, akinjira kuri Snapchat cyangwa WhatsApp yawe.

Inyinshi muri izo “application”, abazicuruza bazigaragaza nk’aho zigamije gufasha ababyeyi kugenzura uko abana bakoresha telefoni zabo, kugira ngo babarinde kugerwaho n’ingaruka z’ikoranabuhanga.

Icyakora hari n’abazikoresha bagenzura imyitwarire y’abakozi babo, hakaba n’abashobora kuzifashisha bashaka amakuru ku bo bashakanye mu gihe hagati yabo hatangiye kuzamo urunturuntu.

Nubwo abazikoze bazicururiza mu ruhame bitwaje ko zifasha ababyeyi kugenzura imyitwarire y’abana, mu bihugu byinshi usanga iyo umuntu ayishyize muri telefoni y’undi batabyemeranyijeho bihanwa n’amategeko.

Byaturutse ahanini ku kuba hari abazikoresha bakagira ububasha ku makuru y’abandi, bakayakoresha mu nyungu zabo bwite.

Uretse uko kuba bihanwa n’amategeko ku buryo ushobora kubifungirwa, abasesenguzi banasobanura ko gukoresha bene izo “applications” bishyira mu kaga abawe (abo ugenzura), nawe ubwawe.

Nk’urugero hari izikorwa ba nyirazo bakazicuruza bavuga ko ari kabuhariwe mu kumenya niba uwo mwashakanye cyangwa umukunzi wawe aguca inyuma.

Mu bihugu bitandukanye haboneka aho umwe mu bakundana cyangwa abashakanye yazikoresheje, bigatera ibikorwa by’urugomo no guhohoterana bitewe n’uko kwa kutizerana kwabaga kwatijwe umurindi n’izo “applications”, aho uwayikoresheje agenzura yabaga yumva ko afite amakuru yuzuye n’ibimenyetso simusiga by’uko mugenzi we amuca inyuma.

Icyo gihe ushaka amakuru hari ubwo yica cyangwa akicwa, bagakomeretsanya, cyangwa urwo bakundanye bakarushyiraho akadomo kubera “application”.

Hejuru y’ibyo byose, abagaba ibitero by’ikoranabuhanga (hackers) bafata ibigo bikora izo “applications” nk’ahantu heza ho gushakira umugati.

Eva Galperin umaze imyaka myinshi akora ubushakashatsi kuri “stalkerwares” asobanura ko “ibigo bizikora ntibirazwa ishinga n’ubuziranenge bwazo”.

Ibyo byorohereza aba-hackers kugera ku makuru y’abazikoresha, baba abagenzura n’abagenzurwa.

Ingaruka wagirwaho no kuba aba-hackers bagera ku makuru yawe arimo aho uherereye mu gihe runaka n’ibyo ukorera kuri telefoni yawe byose, biragoye kuzishyira ku munzani ngo umenye ingano yazo. Gusa uko byagenda kose ni nyinshi, kandi ikiguzi cyazo kiri hejuru.

Mu 2017, aba-hackers bateye bimwe mu bigo bikora “stalkerwares”, maze amakuru y’abazikoresha bagenzura n’ay’abagenzurwa yose ashyirwa kuri internet, aho buri wese ashobora kuyabona akanayamanura (download).

Bamwe bisanze amakuru yabo yageze ku karubanda batazi uko yahageze, abandi babura igaruriro ryayo kuko ibigo bikora izo “applications” nabyo bari babyibye amakuru, ntabubasha bikizifiteho.

Mu 2018, nabwo hacitse igikuba ubwo buri mukiriya ukoresha “stalkerware” yari yagabweho igitero, yabashaga kureba amakuru yose y’abandi bayikoresha.

Amadega nk’ayo yagiye abaho kenshi ariko ibyo bigo bigakomeza gucuruza izo “applications”, ibintu bishimangira ko biba bititaye ku mutekano w’abazikoresha.

Kugeza muri Nyakanga 2024, imibare y’urubuga rwa TechCrunch yerekana ko mu bigo 20 byagabweho ibitero amakuru y’abakoresha “applications” zabyo agahungabanywa, umunani ni byo byonyine byafunze imiryango.

Akaga utamenye kuri 'applications' zikoreshwa mu kuneka amakuru y'uwo mwashakanye, abana n’abakozi