Urubuga rugamije kubungabunga ibidukikije rwateranye tariki ya 25 Ukwakira, rwakiriye Dr. Elias Bizuru umwarimu muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda atanga ikiganiro yise Ubuvugizi ku birwa bya Kivu, hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi hasangwa ari ngombwa ko ibirwa byo mu kiyaga cya Kivu bibungwabungwa.

Icyo kiganiro ku buvugizi ku birwa bya Kivu cyibanze ku bushakashatsi bwakorewe mu birwa by’ikiyaga cya Kivu ku miterere y’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima biharangwa. Ubwo bushakashatsi bukaba bwari bugamije gusiba icyuho cy’ubumenyi buke ku birwa bya Kivu, no kugenzura niba koko biriya birwa byashyirwa mu hantu harinzwe mu Rwanda.

Dr. Elias Bizuru umwarimu muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda atanga ikiganiro

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’abarimu n’abanyeshuri bo muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda hamwe n’inzobere ziturutse muri Cameroun, no muri Repuburika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ku bufatanye bw’ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku bidukikije REMA, bukaba bwarashojwe mu 2011. N’ubwo ikiyaga cya Kivu kigizwe n’ibirwa birenze ijana, ubu bushakashatsi bwibanze ku birwa 9, harimo Mukondwe, Nyenyeri, Shegesha, Amahoro, Mpangara, Nyarugaba, Nyamunini, Mbarara na Rwanuma.

Bimwe mu birwa bya Kivu binini kandi bituwe ni Nkombo, Ijwi, na Rugarura, naho ibito kurushaho byari bituwe, ubuyobozi bw’ibanze bwimuye abaturage muri gahunda yo gutura neza kuko byari byitaruye cyane ibikorwa by’amajyambere nk’amavuriro n’amashuri.

Nkuko Dr. Bizuru yabivuze, ibirwa bya Kivu bikungahaye ku binyabuzima binyuranye, habonekayo amoko arenga ijana y’ibiti n’uduti duto (shrubs), amoko y’inyoni arenga 54, amoko y’amafi 28 harimo 15 utasanga henshi ku isi (endemic), ndetse n’andi moko menshi y’udukoko duto (invertebrates), ibikeri, ibikururanda n’inyamabere harimo izizwiho koga cyane nk’umukara.

Ikindi kintu kidasanzwe ni uko ibyinshi muri biriya birwa bigira ibice bibiri bitandukanye cyane mu miterere y’ibinyabuzima bitewe n’uruhande umuyaga uturukamo (microclimate), aho usanga igice cy’Amajyepfo kigizwe n’ishyamba ritoshye kuko hagera ububobere, naho igice cy’Amajyaruguru kikagira ibimera bike cyane (Savanne).

Ibibangamira cyane urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rwa biriya birwa no kurishwa bikabije n’amatungo yo mu rugo nk’inka n’ihene, kuhahinga, itemwa ry’ibiti, ndetse n’iterwa rya bimwe mu bimera nk’inturusu, amapera n’umuhengeri (Lantana camara, L. trifolia) bizwiho kwiganza no kubuza amahwemo ibimera gakondo.

Impamvu ibi birwa bikwiye kubungabungwa kurushaho
Nkuko Dr. Bizuru yabitangaje, ubusanzwe ibirwa ni nk’ibigega by’ibinyabuzima, kuko uhasanga amoko menshi aba yarazimiye ahandi, urugero ni ikimera Euphorbia dawei kiganje kuri biriya birwa bya Kivu nyamara cyarashizeho henshi ku isi. Ibi birwa kandi biruhukirwaho n’inyoni nyinshi zisuhuka, dore ko ari zo ziba zifite ibyago byinshi byo gushiraho ugereranyije n’izidasuhuka.

Indi mpamvu yo kubungabunga ibyo birwa ni uko ubwo bushakashatsi bwasanze haboneka amafi menshi hafi y’ibirwa bitigeze bihungabanywa, bikaba byerekana ko n’ibindi birwa byose birinzwe uko bikwiye, urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rwakwiyongera ari nako abaturage barushaho kubona umusaruro ushimishije w’amafi.

Ikindi kandi ubwiza buhebuje bw’ibi birwa n’urusobe rw’inyoni ziharangwa bwakurura ba mu kerarugendo batari bake igihe ibikorwa by’ubukerarugendo byaba bihasakajwe.

Ibyifuzo mu kubungabunga ibirwa byo mu kiyaga cya Kivu

Mu rwego rwo kungurana ibitekerezo abitabiriye ikiganiro harimo abarimu n’abanyeshuri ba Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda mu gashami k’ibinyabuzima, RDB ishami ry’ubukerarugendo no kubungabunga ibidukikije, REMA, ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kubungabunga umutungo kamere RNRA, ACNR (Association pour la conservation de la nature au Rwanda), ARCOS (Albertine Rift conservation society) ndetse n’abandi , bagaragaje ibikwiye gukorwa kugira ngo ibyo birwa byo mu kiyaga cya Kivu bitange umusaruro.

Icya mbere ni ukurushaho kurinda biriya birwa, ubwiza bwabyo bukabyazwa umusaruro kuburyo inyungu yagera cyane cyane ku baturage baho.

Icya kabiri ni ugukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rwa biriya birwa mu gihe kinini, kugira ngo haboneka ubumenyi buhagije, cyane cyane ko ubwakozwe bwakorewe ku birwa bike kandi mu gihe gito, bityo hari ibinyabuzima bitabaruwe nk’inyoni zisuhuka.

Icya gatatu cyagaragajwe ni uko hakenewe ubundi bushakashatsi ku buryo buboneye, biriya birwa bikabungabungwa, ibivuyemo bigatangarizwa inzego zifata ibyemezo ndetse n’abaturage bakabisangizwa.

Icya nyuma kifujwe ni ugukora inyigo y’uburyo hakorwa umushinga wo kurandura ibimera (invasive species) nk’umuhengeri, inturusu n’ibindi byugarije urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rw’ibirwa bya Kivu.

Umuhuzabikorwa w’urubuga rugamije kubungabunga ibidukikije Raphael Mpayana, asoza icyo kiganiro yibukije abari aho ko igihe cyari kigeze ngo Abanyarwanda bacengerwe neza n’ubushake bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije, kandi bamenye ko biri mu maboko yabo, kuko nibaterera iyo, ingaruka nibo bambere zizageraho.

Bene ibyo biganiro biba buri wa kane wa nyuma w’ukwezi mu cyumba cy’inama cya RDB, intego yabyo akaba ari ukugira ngo abanyamuryango b’urwo rubuga bamenyekanishe ibikorwa byabo, ari nako banahana ubumenyi, bityo kubungabunga ibidukikije mu Rwanda bitange umusaruro ugaragarira bose.