Kuri uyu wa Gatatu tariki ya 3 Nyakanga 2013, mu Ishuri rikuru ry’Ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga rya Kigali (KIST), harimo kubera ikiganiro ku rwego rw’igihugu ifite insanganyamatsiko ikurikira “Tugire Ishyaka mu Kuvugurura Afurika: Ejo hacu mu biganza byacu.”
Iki kiganiro cyateguwe na Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’amahanga n’ikigo cy’imiyoborere (MINAFFET) n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’imiyoborere (RDB). Inama iyobowe na Usengumukiza Felicien, Umuyobozi mukuru wungirije muri RGB.
Afurika irizihiza imyaka 50 y’ishingwa ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika bihuza n’isabukuru y’imyaka 19 yo kwibohora, byahujwe kugira ngo harebwe uburyo abanyarwanda bakwishakamo ibisubizo.
15:27 Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga Louise Mushikiwabo afunguye inama. Ashimiye abitabiriye ikiganiro, atangaza ko cyifujwe kijyanye n’umunsi mukuru w’Umuryango wa Afurika ynunze ubumwe wizihijwe I Addis Abeba wizihijwe tariki ya 25 Gicurasi, kuri uwo munsi hakaba haremejwe ko insanganyamatsiko bayisangiza abanyagihugu. Ni muri urwo rwego hahujwe uyu munsi n’isabukuru ya 19 yo kwibohora. Insangamatsiko igira iti “Tugire Ishyaka mu Kuvugurura Afurika: Ejo hacu mu biganza byacu.”
Akomeza avuga ko ibihugu byose bya Afurika, bisangiza abenegihugu ibiganiro. Avuga ko mu myaka 50 umugabane wa Afurika wanyuze muri byinshi. Hakozwe ibiganiro hibazwa niba umugabane wa Afurika warabohotse bohagije, warigenze koko akaba aribyo biganirwaho bihagije. Avuga ko AU ishingwa mu 1963 ryari ishyirahamwe ry’abanyeshuri, bagira ishyaka ryo kugira ngo Afurika ishobore kubohoka by’ukuri. Akomeza avuga ko hari intambara yo kwigenga ariko ubwigenge bitarabugeraho kuko abakoloni bari batarabirekura neza.
Avuga ko ari ingenzi ko ikiganiro cyabere ahari urubyiruko asaba ko buri wese yagiramo uruhare.
Igice cya mbere kirayoborwa na RGB kijyanye n’uburyo bw’umwimerere mu guhindura Afurika n’uko mu Rwanda byitwaye.
Igice cya 2 kirayoborwa na MINAFFET, aho Minisitiri agira ikiganiro n’umunyamakuru.
15:40 Ikiganiro cya mbere kiratangiye kiyobowe na Gasamagera Wellars Umuyobozi wungirije wa RIAM. Kirimo Prof Shyaka Anastase, Dr Gasingigwa Christine na Prof Rutayisire Paul.
Prof Shyaka: uburyo bw’umwimerere mu guhindura Afurika uko bihagaze mu Rwanda
Ibibazo byabaye nyirabayaza:
Amakimbirane y’urudaca n’umutekano wakomeje kubura mu bihugu bya Afurika,
Iterambere ku mugabane wa Afurika ntiryihuse n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage ntiyihuse mu kuba myiza,
Imiyoborere muri Afurika, haba mu rwego rwa Demokarasi no mu ziha serivisi abaturage muri rusange mu myaka 30/40 nyuma y’ubwigenge Afurika yari itarabona umurongo.
Ibyo afurika nk’umugabane isahurwa buri mwaka biruta kure ibyo dukura mu mpano cyangwa se inkunga kubera kutamenya kubungabunga umutungo wacu byose biba ubusa.
Izi nkingi eshatu nizo u Rwanda rumaze iminsi ruhanganye na zo ariko ibisubizo ni byiza, kandi byifuzwa ko ubumenyi ngiro bw’u Rwanda bwasangizwa abandi banyafurika,
Imihigo, abunzi, girinka, ubudehe, agaciro, uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka icyenda, ubwisungane mu kwivuza, … bidufasha gushaka ibisubizo by’ibibazo dufite.
Uburyo bw’umwimerere mu Rwanda bwatangiye nyuma ya Jenoside, mu rugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside, abasirikare bitandukanyaga n’abakoraga Jenoside bakirwaga mu ngabo z’u Rwanda. Byarakomeje mu myaka iterenze itanu ibihumbi birenze 35 by’ingabo zatsinzwe zari zimaze kwiyunga na RPA.
Ibyo bigaragarira na none mu cyumweru cy’ingabo mu kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’igihugu no gufatanya n’iz’amahanga mu kugarura amahoro I Darfur no muri Sudani y’Amajyepfo; uburyo bw’umwimerere ingabo z’u Rwanda zabujyanyeyo nko gukoresha Ronderereza n’ibindi, kandi byatanze umusaruro n’umutekano ukomeye cyane.
Ku rwego rw’imibereho myiza, mbere butaraza abanyarwanda bagera kuri 15% ariko aho Mutuelle de Sante itangiriye abashobora kwivuza bagera kuri 96%.
16:06 Dr Gasingirwa Christine umuyobozi wa KIST, uko ikoranabuhanga, ubumenyi bishobora gufasha Afurika.
Agira ati "Utaragira icumu rye ntahorera se" Avuga ko mu gihe u Rwanda rwari ruvuye muri Jenoside hakozwe ibishoboka byose ngo hashakwe ibisubizo by’ibibazo byari byashegeshe igihugu kandi ntawe utera ikiremo mu myenda ishaje. Ni yo mpamvu igihugu cyagombaga kwiyubaka ntawe usigaye.
Na we agarutse ku ngingo z’umwimerere u Rwanda rwashingiyeho mu kwiyubaka, asaba urubyiruko kumenya kwiyubaka no kubaka igihugu cyabyaye.
16:20 Prof Rutayisire Paul, arimo gutanga ikiganiro. Ati "Iyo Demokarasi ku bwanjye ntiznye byiza ahubwo yazanye bibi."
Ku birebana n’uburyo bw’umwimerere avuga ko Abanyarwanda bose igihe cya Gacaca bari mu ishuri. Avuga ko abantu bagomba no kubohoka mu mitekerere, mu mikorere no mu migenzereze. Imitekereze ni yo ituma Politiki ifata isura y’igihe abantu barimo.
Umwimerere wacu arimo ibisubizo kurusha n’ibiva hanze. Aha na we atanga urugero kuri Gacaca, Girinka kuko inka yahuje abanyarwanda birenga imbibi yagarikragaho.
Avuga ko ubunararibonye bw’u Rwanda, ari isomo ku banyamahanga kuko n’abakora inyandiko nyinshi kuri yo atari Abanyarwanda. Kwibona mu bunyafurika biracyashakisha kuko bandikiwe amateka mabi batibonamo ariko imitekerereze ikwiye kuvugururwa.
16:31 Umwanya w’ibitekerezo n’ibibazo ku kiganiro kimaze gutangwa.
Uyu mwanya urimo gukoreshwa cyane n’abanyeshuri baturutse muri za kaminuza zitandukanye za hano mu Rwanda, aho babaza icyo Afurika ikora ngo ishobore kwicungira amahoro hatitabajwe ingabo z’amahanga, niba abanyamahanga bataza gufatira ubunararibonye ku Rwanda.
Umunyeshuri ukomoka mu gihugu cya Uganda wiga muri KIST ashima intera u Rwanda rugeze ko n’abandi bakwiye kuza kugira byinshi biga, kuko basangijwe ku bisubizo u Rwanda rwishakiye haboneka ibisubizo byiza kurushaho kuri Afurika.
16:40 Prof Shyaka mu gusubiza ibibazo byatanzwe. Avuze ko buri kwezi RGB yakira benshi baje kwiga kandi iyo babijyanye iwabo bikabyara umusaruro u Rwanda ruba rwungutse. Ati "U Rwanda rurakopeza."
Ku bijyanye n’uko AU yagira uruhare mu kubungabunga umutekano wa Afurika, Shyaka avuga ko ari aho hagombye guherwa ariko hakiri urugendo. Icyerekezo cy’uko Abanyafurika bagira uruhare rwisumbuye mu kugarura amahoro n’umutekano babigize intego kuko bashyizeho n’akanama gashinzwe umutekano muri AU.
Uko Afurika yakubakira ku buryo bw’umwimerere ikajya mu cyerekezo kiyiha ishema ati "Afurika kwivugurura birashoboka ariko haracyari urugendo. Kubishyira mu bikorwa si byo byabuze ahubwo uburyo bwo kubishyira mu bikorwa ni byo bigenda buhoro. Ni igisebo kuba ibyo dukura hanze biruta kure ibyacu twikorera." Atanga urugero ku Rwanda mu myaka icumi kugira ngo rube rwarabaye urwa mbere ku Isi mu kugira impinduka zihuse mu kurwanya ruswa, ibindi bihugu na byo bigize impinduka zenda kwegera u Rwanda hjari byinshi byagerwaho. Mu burezi Abanyafurika benshi nntibize, nibo ubwabo bakwiye gufata iya mbere mu gukemura ibibazo byabo. Ubuhahirane n’ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bya Afurika ntibiragera ku kigero gishimishije kandi Afurka ifite ibintu.
Dr Gasinzigwa ati "Ubumenyi butangirira ku byo ufite ukabibyaza icyerekezo. Ikibi ni ukushaka kwiga. Ubushakashatsi ni ngombwa. Ukura utabajije ugasaza utamenye" Avuga ko abakurambere bari abashakashatsi kandi ibyo bakoze ni byo bikigenderwaho nyamara bishobora guhindurwa. Agira ati "MU Rwanda dushaka ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi. Imiyoborerer myiza na yo igomba gushingira ku bifatika, utize kandi ntiwabigeraho.
Birashoboka ko imibereho yacu n’ubumenyi tugezeho n’ubwa gakondo byakuzuzanya? Avuze ko ibyo bishoboka cyane. Hari indwara abakurambere bavuraga abanyarwanda bakwiye gukoraho ubushakashatsi hagacuruzwa imiti ikorerwa mu Rwanda. Icyangombwa ni ugushaka ukamenya kandi ukishimira ibyo wagezeho."
Prof Rutayisire ku bijyanye no kuvugurura amateka hagomba gushimangirwa ubushakashatsi ariko n’ibivuyemo bikamenyekana. Avuga ko hakiri umuco ukwiye guhinduka kuko abanyarwanda badakunda gusoma. Mu rwego rw’uburezi avuga ko hari byinshi byakozwe ariko hari n’ibindi bikwiye gukorwa. Icyo atangaje gikomeye ni uko ubushakashatsi nta ngufu nyinshi bushyirwamo.
16:58 Hagiyeho ikiganiro cya kabiri kiyobowe na Minisitiri Louise Mushikiwabo agiye kugirana n’umunyamakuru Emmanuel Rushingabigwi.
Q: AU ijwi ryayo mu ruhando rw’amahanga rirapima ibiro bingahe?
Mushikiwabo: Kugira ngo Ijwi rirangurure rigere kure, si ukuvuga ko Afurika ari ikiragi. Iyo urebye aho Isi igeze muri iki gihe usanga ibivugwa kuri Afurika abenshi mu bakora ubushakashatsi si abanyafurika. Twe dukwiye kuvuga abo turi bo aho tugana, .... Ibiro ijwi ry’Afurika ripima biragoye cyane kubera amateka twanyuzemo, turakomeza kwibohora. Afurika ifite ijwi ariko ntirihagije, haba mu rwego rwa politiki n’urw’ubukungu. Kugira ngo ijwi ryacu ryumvikane nka Afurika tugomba kuba dufite icyo dushingiyeho.
Kugira ngo ijwi ry’Afurika ryumvikane kurushaho turahera he? Ikibazo usanga tuvugirwa n’abandi. Igihugu cy’u Rwanda usanga iyo kivugwa hanze hari impuguke nyinshi zivuga ku Rwanda. Akenshi usanga abavuga ku Rwanda ari abamaze kwiyemeza ko baruzi kuturusha. Impamvu usanga iyi nsanganyamatsiko twayihuje no kwibohora ku nshuro ya 19 ni uko ikibaye ku gihugu kimwe cya Afurika gishobora no kuba ku kindi. Dufite ikiduhuza nk’Abanyafurika. Kugira ngo ijwi ryumvikane, uvuga cyane ni we wumvwa. Uko turushaho gushak kwibohora mu mitekerereze no mu mikorere ya politiki.
Amafoto/Faustin Nkurunziza
TANGA IGITEKEREZO