Icyo gihe Eleanor yaburiraga Truman ku ntambara y’ubutita igihugu cye cyari gikomeje guhembera no gushaka kurwana.

Nyuma y’imyaka 75 ibyo bivuzwe, isi yongeye kwisanga mu yindi ntambara y’amasasu n’ubutita, aho u Burusiya buri kurwana na Ukraine ishyigikiwe na Amerika n’u Burayi, ingaruka zabyo zikumvikana ku isi yose.

Kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki 24 Gashyantare 2023, iyi ntambara yinjiye mu mwaka wayo wa kabiri kandi nta cyizere cy’uko izarangira vuba kuko Abanyamerika n’Abanyaburayi bakomeje kohereza intwaro zikaze muri Ukraine.

Ukraine imaze gutakaza abaturage basaga ibihumbi umunani mu gihe mu gisirikare havugwa ko bamaze gupfusha ibihumbi 13, nubwo imibare ishobora kuba irenga kure cyane.

Hejuru yo guhunga kw’abaturage basaga miliyoni umunani, Ukraine yanatakaje ibikorwaremezo byinshi by’ingenzi kuko ari byo muri iyi minsi u Burusiya buri gusukaho ibisasu.

Mu mpera z’Ugushyingo 2022, Perezida wa Ukraine Volodymir Zelensky yatangaje ko kongera kubaka icyo gihugu, bizasaba nibura miliyari 1000 z’amadolari. Ni ibintu byakorwa mu gihe cy’imyaka 20, intambara iramutse ihosheje mu maguru mashya.

Ku rundi ruhande u Burusiya na bwo bwahombeye muri iyi ntambara nubwo ari bwo bwarashe isasu rya mbere ryayo. Abasirikare babwo barahaguye nubwo imibare itavugwaho rumwe. Icyo gihugu cyo cyemeza ko cyatakaje abasaga ibihumbi bitandatu na ho Amerika n’u Burayi bakavuga ko hapfuye abasaga ibihumbi ijana.

Abaturage bari mu bamaze kuzaharira muri iyi ntambara

Ibyo byiyongera ku bihano bisaga igihumbi u Burusiya bumaze gufatirwa, ihungabana ry’ubukungu bwabwo bwasubiye inyuma ho 2,2 % mu 2022, gutakaza amafaranga menshi mu ntambara aho kuyashora mu iterambere n’ibindi.

Icyakora u Burusiya bwabashije kubona andi masoko ya peteroli yabwo na Gaz mu bihugu nk’u Bushinwa n’u Buhinde, nubwo igurishwa ku giciro gito ugereranyije na mbere bagurisha mu Burayi.

U Burayi burabogoza

Ibihugu by’u Burayi nubwo byiyunze kuri Amerika mu kwamagana u Burusiya no gufasha Ukraine mu ntambara, na byo byahahombeye byinshi ndetse intambara ikomeje, biri mu bizananirwa vuba.

Byinshi mu bihugu by’i Burayi byari bitunzwe na Gaz ndetse na pateroli by’u Burusiya. Nka 40% bya Gaz u Burayi bwakoreshaga, yaturukaga mu Burusiya. Kugeza muri Kanama 2022 iyo gaz yari yaramanutse yarageze kuri 17 % nk’uko imibare y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU) ibigaragaza.

Kubera ko gaz na peteroli ari ingenzi mu ngo n’inganda z’abanyaburayi, ntabwo bashoboraga kubaho batayifite. Iyo baguraga mu Burusiya bagiye kuyishaka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ariko ibageraho ihenze cyane, aho igiciro kiba cyikubye inshuro zigera kuri enye.

Uku guhendwa gukabije kwamaganywe na Perezida w’u Bufaransa, Emmanuel Macron mu Ukwakira 2022, agaragaza ko bitari bikwiriye guhendwa n’inshuti.

Mu gihe u Burayi bubogoza, Amerika yo yamaze kwigaragaza nk’izungukira bidasanzwe muri iyi ntambara. Icya mbere ni uko yatangiye kurya ku mafaranga Abanyaburayi boherezaga mu Burusiya buri munsi bagura gaz na peteroli, ubu isoko ryabo riri muri Amerika nubwo ibahenda.

Intambara igitangira, ibihugu byinshi by’i Burayi byayobotse umuhamagaro wa Amerika wo gutwerera Ukraine intwaro. Ibyinshi nta n’izo byari bifite mu bubiko, byabaye ngombwa ko bajya kuzigura kandi nta handi bari kuzivana atari muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Ibyo byajyanye kandi no kuvugurura ibisirikare byinshi by’ibihugu by’i Burayi byisanze byugarijwe, bitinya ko u Burusiya nibumara kwigarurira Ukraine aribyo bizaba bitahiwe.

Nk’u Budage bwazamuye ingengo y’imari yashorwaga mu gisirikare ndetse bushyiraho ikigega cya miliyari $100 yo gufasha muri urwo rugendo. U Burusiya na Amerika nibyo bihugu bya mbere mu gukora intwaro nyinshi kandi zigezweho, birumvikana ko mu bazahabwa isoko ry’u Budage u Burusiya butarimo.

Umuturage yafitowe ahunga inyubako yari imaze kuraswaho ibisasu

Inganda za Amerika zikora indege z’intambara na zo kandi zikomeje kungukira muri iyi ntambara. Urugero, u Budage bwahise butanga ikiraka muri Amerika cyo kubakorera indege z’intambara zo mu bwoko bwa 35 F-35. Ni ikiraka cya miliyari $8.

Canada na yo yahise igaragaza ko ishaka indege z’intambara zo mu bwoko bwa 88 F-35s kuri miliyari $15, byose bizava muri Amerika kimwe na Finland yamaze gutanga isoko ryo gukorerwa indege, zizatwara miliyari $10.

Ubwo intambara yatangiraga, Amerika yahise ifata iya mbere mu guhamagarira ibindi bihugu gutanga inkunga. Umwaka wa 2022 warangiye icyo gihugu kimaze gufasha Ukraine inkunga ya miliyari $50 kandi kimwe cya kabiri cyayo cyagiye mu bya gisirikare.

Ayo mafaranga yasubijwe mu nganda za Amerika zikora intwaro kuko ariho hagurwa izoherezwa muri Ukraine. Ibyo kandi byiyongera ku mafaranga bahabwa n’ibindi bihugu by’umwihariko ibigize NATO, bikomeje guhatirwa gufasha Ukraine.

Amerika yaryohewe n’intambara

Hari ibimenyetso simusiga byerekana ko Amerika itifuza ko intambara irangira kuko inyungu zayo zimaze kuba nyinshi. Naftali Bennett wahoze ari Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Israel, yagaragaje ko yashatse guhuza u Burusiya na Ukraine, Amerika n’u Burayi bakamwitambika.

Yagize ati “Ntekereza ko hari umwanzuro wamaze gufatwa n’Abanyamerika n’Abanyaburayi wo gukomeza kurwanya Putin […] Nari umuhuza kandi buri kintu nakoraga cyabaga gisobanutse neza, nkamenyesha Amerika, u Budage n’u Bufaransa nyamara barabyitambitse.”

Muri Nzeri 2022 hari imiyoboro yavanaga gaz mu Burusiya iyigeza mu Burayi izwi nka Nord Stream 1 na Nord Stream 2 yaturikijwe. Mu minsi ya mbere byabanje kuyoberana uwayiturikije ndetse itangazamakuru ry’Abanyamerika n’u Burayi bishinja u Burusiya kuyituritsa ku bushake no kuyifunga, kugira ngo abanyaburayi babwiruke inyuma.

Mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi hasohotse amakuru ntashidikanywaho, ko iyo miyoboro yaturikijwe n’ibisasu byatezwe n’ingabo kabuhariwe za Amerika. Amerika yabikoze ifite ubwoba ko ibihugu by’i Burayi bishobora kuzisubiraho, bigasubira guhahira gaz mu Burusiya.

Clare Daly, Umudepite mu nteko ya EU aherutse kugaragaza ko Amerika idashaka ko iyi ntambara irangira na gato.

Yagize ati “Ushinzwe ingabo muri Amerika yarabyivugiye ku mugaragaro ko badashaka amahoro, barashaka ko intambara ikomeza bagaca intege u Burusiya. Iyi ntambara bayibonamo amahirwe yo kubona amasoko mashya y’intwaro kuko ntabwo izo nganda zikora intwaro zabaho utashatse abanzi. Kuko bo badacungira kuri gaz na peteroli by’Abarusiya, ntibazarekera aho.”

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