Imyaka igera kuri 63 irihiritse igihugu kibubonye ariko usanga ari umunsi utarangwa n’ibirori nk’uko bikunze kugenda ku bindi bihugu.

Nubwo igihugu giha agaciro uwo munsi ndetse hakanatangwa ikiruhuko, usanga iminsi nk’uwo kwibohora cyangwa uw’intwari bikora cyane ku mitima y’Abanyarwanda kurusha uwo.

Muri iyi nkuru turagaruka ku mpamvu zituma Abanyarwanda badashamadukira umunsi w’ubwigenge mu mboni z’abasesenguzi mu bya politiki.

Ubwigenge bwatanzwe bucagase

Abanyarwanda benshi bafata ubwigenge bwo 1962 nk’icyemezo cyafashwe n’Ababiligi, ariko bidashingiye ku bushake bw’abaturage.

Bagaragaza ko hatabayeho kwigenga mu by’ukuri, ahubwo habayeho guhinduranya ku izina ry’uyobora, ariko imiterere y’ubutegetsi n’ubusumbane buba nk’uko byari bisanzwe.

Umusesenguzi mu bya Politiki, Ngendahimana Ladislas, yagaragaje ko igihe ubwigenge bwatangwaga hari ibikorwa byo kwibasira Abatutsi bityo ko bishobora kuba indi mpamvu ituma mu mitima y’Abanyarwanda butishimirwa cyane ko bitigeze bihagarara.

Nta mpinduka zifatika zabayeho nyuma y’ubwigenge

Ngendahimana yakomeje agaragaza ko na nyuma y’ubwigenge, ubutegetsi bushya bwakomeje kugendera ku ivangura n’akarengane.

Ati “Buriya bwigenge bwatanzwe hari igice cy’abenegihugu bari kwirukanwa abandi bari kwicwa, biragoye ko wabyita ubwigenge, ni amahirwe yari ahawe igice kimwe, aba n’amakuba ku kindi gice cy’Abanyarwanda.”

Ibyo byatumye umuturage atumva impinduka mu buzima bwe bwa buri munsi, ahubwo buba intangiriro y’ubwicanyi n’amakuba yagejeje kuri jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Ku kijyane n’ubukungu nta cyahindutse, abaturage bakomeje kuba mu bukene, amategeko, imiyoborere, imikoreshereze y’ururimi (Igifaransa) byagumye uko byari kandi nta ruhare rw’abaturage mu byemezo byafatwaga ahubwo byakomeje kuba ibya gikoloni.

Kwibohora gufatwa nk’ubwigenge nyakuri

Tariki ya 4 Nyakanga 1994 ni bwo ingabo za FPR-Inkotanyi zahagaritse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, zishyiraho ubuyobozi bushya bwunze ubumwe, bufite icyerekezo.
Abanyarwanda benshi bafata uwo munsi nk’aho ari bwo u Rwanda rwabonye ubwigenge bwuzuye.

Umusesenguzi mu bya Politiki, Dr. Ismael Buchanan, yavuze ko kuba hatangwa ikiruhuko bishimangira ko igihugu kiwuha agaciro ariko ko ubwigenge bwari bwatanzwe butari bwaharaniwe.

Ati “Ni umunsi wegeranye n’umunsi wo kwibohora. Ni amateka agaragaza ko ibyari bihari bishobora guhuzwa bigashyirwa ku munsi umwe. Ukwibohora ni amateka abantu bazi, bahagazeho, biboneye n’amaso yabo.”

Nyuma y’Urugamba rwo kubohora Igihugu no guhagarika Jenoside, u Rwanda rwakomeje inzira y’iterambere rirangwa n’umutekano usesuye; Imibereho myiza n’ubuzima buzira umuze; imiyoborere myiza n’ububanyi n’amahanga; uburezi budaheza n’iterambere ry’umugore; n’ibindi byahinduye icyerekezo cy’igihugu.

Ingabo za RPA zagize uruhare mu kubohora igihugu

Ibikomere by’amateka byasizwe n’ubwigenge

Ngendahimana Ladsilas yavuze ko kuba nyuma ya 1962, harabayeho ubutegetsi bushingiye ku ivanguramoko, ubwicanyi, ubuhunzi bw’abaturage batari bake nabyo bishobora gutuma abantu batumva ko harimo ubwigenge.

Urebye Repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabiri zayoboye u Rwanda zishingiye ku kuvangura Abanyarwanda ndetse n’irondabwoko.

Ubwigenge butaharaniwe bwatanzwe nk’impano

Ugereranyije n’ibindi bihugu byaharaniye ubwigenge (nko muri Afurika y’Epfo, Ghana, Kenya n’ahandi), mu Rwanda ubwigenge bwatanzwe n’Ababiligi hatabayeho intambara cyangwa urugamba rw’abenegihugu, bikaba bituma abantu batabugirira agaciro gahambaye.

Dr. Buchanan asanga kuba ubwigenge butaraharaniwe bishobora kuba impamvu yo kutabushamadukira ku Banyarwanda na cyane ko habaye izindi nkurikizi nyuma yabwo.

Ubutegetsi bwahawe ubwigenge bwabaye igikoresho cy’irondabwoko

Guhera mu 1962 kugeza mu 1994, ubuyobozi bwagiye bushingira ku moko, bubiba urwango, buheza bamwe, butoteza abandi.

Abategetsi ba mbere bashyize imbere itoteza, gusenya, ishyaka rimwe, kubuza abanyamahanga cyangwa abahunze gutaha, bigatuma ubwigenge buhuzwa n’ibikorwa by’igitugu.

Abakoloni bakomeje gucengeza amatwara mu bo bari bashyize ubutegetsi mu biganza kugeza ubwo mu 1994 habaye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Nk’indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu wasangaga irimo amagambo yo gushimira cyane abarwanashyaka ba Parmehutu ndetse n’ibendera ryarimo ikirango cy’amaraso.

Ubwigenge ntibwazanye demokarasi nyayo

Mu gihe ahandi ubwigenge bwagendanaga na demokarasi, aho ababuharaniye bashyiragaho uburyo bwo kuyobora biratandukanye cyane mu Rwanda kuko no ku wa 24 Ugushyingo 1962, hasohotse Itegeko Nshinga ryemeza ko igihugu ari icy’Abahutu.

Ibyo kandi byagiye bishimangirwa n’ibindi bikorwa byahezaga bamwe bazira ko ari Abatutsi.

Kubura icyerekezo cy’igihugu nyuma y’ubwigenge

Nta gahunda zihamye z’iterambere, uburezi, ubuzima cyangwa kwihangira imirimo zashyizweho mu buryo bwumvikana. Byatumye ubwigenge budahuzwa n’icyizere cy’ubuzima bwiza kuri benshi.

Mbere bizihizaga ubwigenge bahawe

Ubukoloni bw’imbere mu gihugu bwarakomeje

Nubwo abakoloni bavuyeho, ubutegetsi bwakurikiyeho bwakomeje gukandamiza abaturage bamwe, bityo abaturage ntibumve ko bagobotse, ahubwo bagumye mu mwijima.

Umubare munini w’Abaturage b’igihugu ni urubyiruko

Ngendahimana Ladislas yagaragaje ko indi mpamvu ishobora gutuma Abanyarwanda badashamadukira ubwigenge bishingiye ku kuba umubare munini w’abaturage rufite ari uw’abavutse nyuma ya Jenoside kandi yashingiye ku ngengabitekerezo yubatswe n’abahaye ubwigenge u Rwanda.

Ati “Politiki yari yubatse muri ubwo buryo biragoye ko twavuga ngo turayizihizaho ibirori kandi noneho harabayeho n’urugamba rwo kurwanya iyo ngengabitekerezo.”

Urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu benshi barufata nk’urwari ruje gukuraho amakuba n’akaga byateguwe n’abatanze ubwigenge bikaba impamvu yo kutabwizihiza mu buryo bwuzuye.

Kwizihiza umunsi w'ubwigenge bisa no kwigiza nkana

Abanyarwanda benshi ntibumva impamvu yo kwizihiza umunsi w'ubwigenge

Urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu rufatwa nk'urwatanze ubwigenge bwuzuye

Ingabo za RPA zagize uruhare mu kubohora igihugu