U Rwanda muri iyo nama rwari ruhagarariwe na Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga, Jean Patrick Olivier Nduhungirehe mu gihe Congo yari ihagarariwe na Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga Therese Kayikwamba Wagner.

Umwe mu myanzuro yavuyemo ni ugusaba agahenge ku mpande zimaze igihe zirwana mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, kazatangira kubahirizwa mu ijoro rya tariki 4 Kanama 2024.

Itangazo ry’ibyemerejwe muri iyo nama rikijya hanze, impaka zabaye nyinshi, hibazwa uburyo M23 isabwa kubahiriza imyanzuro yo gutanga agahenge, nyamara aho byaganiriwe itari yatumiwe.

Nyuma yo kuva i Luanda, Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yaganiriye na IGIHE, asubiza ibibazo bitandukanye byibazwa birimo n’impamvu M23 itatumiwe kandi irebwa n’ikibazo.

IGIHE: Hibajijwe ku mpamvu hemejwe agahenge, umwe mu barwana ari we M23 idahari, mubisobanura gute?

Yari inama ya kabiri y’abaminisitiri yo muri ibi biganiro bya Luanda […] ni inama rero hagati y’ibihugu, ntabwo ari inama hagati y’imitwe ishyamiranye mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo. Ni inama hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC, bagahuzwa na Angola nk’umuhuza.

Ibi biganiro byaje kubera ko umubano hagati y’u Rwanda na Congo wari warabaye nabi kubera intambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo. Igamije kureba ibibazo biri hagati y’ibyo bihugu bitewe n’iyo ntambara no gukemura ibitera ibyo bibazo.

U Rwanda rugerwaho n’ingaruka z’iyo ntambara binyuze mu mutwe wa FDLR ugizwe n’abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda. Ni umutwe wateraga udutero shuma mu Rwanda mu myaka ishize.

Hari n’ikibazo dufite cy’impunzi z’abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda bahohoterwa muri kariya karere. Hari n’ibibazo bya Congo ihora ishinja u Rwanda.

Byatumye umubano hagati y’ibihugu byombi utamera neza, ariho haturutse ibyo biganiro. Ntabwo ibiganiro bya Luanda bigamije gukemura ibibazo byose byo muri ako karere kuko ni ibibazo by’abanye-Congo ubwabo. Hari ibindi biganiro bya Nairobi hagati y’abanye-Congo, biyobowe n’uwahoze ari Perezida wa Kenya, Uhuru Kenyatta. Ni byo biganiro bigamije gukemura ikibazo mu mizi.

Ako gahenge kazashoboka gute M23 itaratumiwe aho kemerejwe?

Mbere na mbere twiyemeje ko haba guhagarika imirwano hagati y’impande zishyamiranye, twiyemeza gukurikirana uko bishyirwa mu bikorwa. Hari urwego ritwa Ad hoc mechanism rusanzwe ruriho ariko twafashe icyemezo cyo kurwongerera ingufu, aho tuzashyiramo n’inzobere mu byerekeye iperereza z’ibihugu bitatu, Angola, Congo n’u Rwanda. Zizajya zihura kugira ngo zirebe uko guhagarika imirwano byubahirizwa.

Ntabwo guhagarika imirwano ari byo byakemura ikibazo, uhagarika imirwano kugira ngo ubone umwanya wo gukemura ibindi bibazo. Twumvikanye ko impuguke zizahura vuba mu cyumweru gitaha kugira ngo baganire ku byerekeye umugambi wo kurandura FDLR ari yo mutwe uteza ikibazo akarere n’u Rwanda, banaganire ku bindi bijyanye n’ingabo ziri muri kariya karere.

IGIHE: MONUSCO yashyize hanze itangazo ku buryo wakeka ko agahenge kasabwe kari hagati y’u Rwanda na Congo. Mwahise muryamagana ariko se uwo muryango wabigenje kuriya, kwaba ari ukwibeshya?

Nabonye iryo tangazo rivuga uko ibintu bitemejwe. Nari ndi mu nama mpagarariye u Rwanda kandi itangazo ryarasohotse […] twemeranyijwe ko intambara igomba guhagarara hagati y’impande zishyamiranye mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo. Nasubije kugira ngo mbishyire ku murongo ariko nkangurira Monusco n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga mu karere, ko bakwitondera amagambo bakoresha niba bashaka gutanga umusanzu wubaka mu gukemura ikibazo cyo mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.

IGIHE: Mumaze guhura n’intumwa za RDC inshuro ebyiri kuva mubaye Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga, imbere mu nama mubona hari igihinduka ku buryo Congo yitwara muri iki kibazo?

Bwa mbere twahuriye muri Zanzibar […] twagiranye ibiganiro byiza kuko nubwo hari gushinja bisanzwe biba ariko twageze aho twumvikana ukuntu ibintu byagenda. Ni aho twumvikaniye ko abaminisitiri ba Congo n’u Rwanda bagomba guhura vuba mu rwego rw’ibiganiro bya Luanda. Ni aho inama y’ejobundi yaturutse.

I Luanda twagiranye ibiganiro birebire, birumvikana ko buri muntu avuga ibibazo bimureba ariko na ho twageze aho tugira ibiganiro byubaka. Icyakora gusinya amasezerano cyangwa kugira ibiganiro byiza, ni ikintu kimwe, ikindi ni ukuyashyira mu bikorwa.

Hamaze gusinywa amasezerano n’ibiganiro bigera ku icumi kuva amasezerano yo guhagarika intambara yasinyiwe i Lusaka mu 1999 agiyeho. Menshi muri yo yavugaga ku byerekeye kurandura FDLR, ntabwo byigeze bishyirwa mu bikorwa kuko n’ubu FDLR iracyahari.

Ibyo tugomba kwitaho, icya mbere ni ukwiga ikibazo cya Congo mu mizi yacyo ni bwo wabona umuti urambye. Icya kabiri, ni ukugira ubushake bwa politiki bwo gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano twemeranyijweho. Tuzahora dusinya amasezerano ariko nihataba ubwo bushake ntacyo tuzageraho.

IGIHE: Congo ibiganiro irabyemera?

Mu nama twongeye gushimangira ko ibiganiro bya Luanda bigomba kujyana n’ibiganiro bya Nairobi. Bivuze ko niba bemera ko ibiganiro bya Nairobi bikomeza, bagomba kwemera kuganira n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Video: Kurikirana ikiganiro kirambuye