U Rwanda rwabimenye kare. Nko mu myaka irindwi yashize kugeza mu 2024 hubatswe iya kaburimbo ifite uburebure bwa kilometero 1600 hagamijwe guhuza uturere dutandukanye tw’igihugu.

Muri iyo mihanda harimo uwa Rukomo-Nyagatare waruhuye abaturage bakoraga urugendo rw’amasaha ane n’igice berekeza i Kigali.

Harimo kandi umuhanda Huye-Kibeho watumye ubukerarugendo bwo ku butaka butagatifu bwa Kibeho busurwa kurushaho ndetse n’iterambere ry’ubukungu muri aka gace rirushaho kuzamuka. Nibura ku mwaka, Kibeho isurwa n’abasaga miliyoni 1,2.

Harimo umuhanda Kagitumba-Kayonza-Rusumo, Ngoma, Bugesera-Nyanza ndetse n’uwa Pindura-Bweyeye.

Kuva mu 2014 kandi, u Rwanda rwatangiye umushinga wo kubaka imihanda y’imigenderano n’ubuhahirane (Feeder Roads), aho wasize hubatswe imihanda ireshya n’ibilometero 741,85.

Mu Ukuboza 2025 mu Karere ka Gicumbi mu Murenge wa Rukomo habereye igikorwa cyo gutaha ku mugaragaro imihanda itatu irimo n’uva muri ako karere werekeza i Nyagatare, yuzuye itwaye arenga miliyari 200 Frw.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda kandi iteganya kubaka imihanda ireshya na kilometero 300 ya kaburimbo yo ku rwego rw’igihugu n’indi y’imigenderano ireshya na kilometero 500 bitarenze 2029.

Hakenewe inyigo n’ubugenzuzi binoze

Nubwo u Rwanda rurajwe inshinga no kubaka imihanda, raporo ya 2025 y’Umuryango Urwanya Ruswa n’Akarengane, Ishami ry’u Rwanda (Transparency International Rwanda: TI Rwanda), rigaragaza ko imihanda myinshi yubatswe ikomeje kwangiza ibidukikije n’ibikorwa by’iterambere ry’abaturage.

Iyi raporo igaragaza ko abaturage bo mu turere twa Karongi, Muhanga, Nyamagabe, Huye, Nyaruguru, Gisagara, Nyagatare, Kirehe, Ngoma, na Bugesera, ibyabo bikomeje kwangizwa cyane bigizwemo uruhare n’uburyo bwo kudafata amazi neza.

Raporo igaragaza ko imbata z’imishinga imwe n’imwe y’imihanda iba ifite ibibazo, inyigo nkene zo kuyobora amazi, ubugenzuzi bw’imihanda budakorwa neza, byose bigatuma amazi yangiriza ibikorwa by’abaturage.

Umuhuzabikorwa Mukuru w’Imishinga muri TI-Rwanda, Abias Maniragaba, yagaragaje ko izi mbogamizi zigaragaza ibibazo by’ibishushanyombonera by’imihanda, kuyisana ndetse no kubahiriza amabwiriza akwiriye mu gihugu hose.

Uburyo bwo kuyobora amazi budahari ku bice by’imihanda, byangije byinshi haba mu kurengera ibidukikije, imibereho y’abaturage n’ituze ryabo.

Amazi aturuka ku muhanda wa Huye-Kibeho ni uko akomeje kwangiza imitungo y'abaturage

Harimo imiyoboro y’amazi iba yashyizwe ku bikorwaremezo iba itarakozwe neza, haba mu ngano yagenwe cyangwa iba yarashyizwemo nabi, amazi mabi yireka hafi y’imihanda, amazi menshi yoherezwa mu bishanga, imirima yo guhinga n’indi mitungo yangirika, amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi ashobora gutwara abantu n’amatungo n’ibindi.

Hari kandi inkangu zishobora guturuka ku mihanda itaratsindagiwe neza, imihanda yangirika ubwayo n’ibindi bituma hakenerwa amafaranga menshi yo gusana ibyangiritse.

Isuri ikomoka ku mihanda yazengereje abaturage

Nko ku muhanda Karongi-Muhanga byagaragaye ko nta migende ihagije n’imiyoboro y’amazi, ibituma yihuta bigaca imikoki minini hafi yayo, ibishobora gushyira umuhanda mu bibazo. Mu Murenge wa Gasaka mu Karere ka Nyamagabe, amazi y’imvura atemba ari menshi hejuru y’imihanda agatwara ubutaka, ndetse n’imihanda ikangirika.

Ni mu gihe umuhanda wa Huye- Ndago, byagaragaye ko amazi afite ingufu yisutse mu mirima yo guhinga, bituma umusaruro ugabanyuka kubera ko ubutaka buba bwatwawe ku bwinshi.

Iyi raporo inagaragaza ko icyo kibazo cyagaragaye mu Kagari ka Mubuga Murenge wa Kibeho mu Karere ka Nyaruguru, aho amazi atarayobowe mu buryo bugezweho yangije imirima, atwara igice cy’ubutaka gihingwa, hasigara ari ha hantu hadashobora kumera icyatsi, ibituma ibihingwa bidakura neza, imitungo y’abaturage na yo ikajya mu kaga.

Muri Cyeru mu Karere ka Burera ku muhanda wa Butaro, byagaragaye ko uyu muhanda wubatswe hatitawe ku miterere y’ubutaka bwaho ndetse n’aho amazi asanzwe anyura, biteza isuri, ubutaka bwera bugatwarwa n’amazi, bikangiza imirima ihegereye.

Abaturage bararira ayo kwarika

IGIHE yaganiriye n’abaturage babangamiwe n’amazi ava mu mihanda yakozwe adacunzwe neza barimo na Kubwimana Rosine wo mu Mudugudu wa Bwambika, Akagari ka Gasoro mu Murenge wa Kigoma, ho mu Karere ka Nyanza.

Kubwimana avuga ko ikorwa ry’umuhanda wa Nyanza-Bugesera wasize ikibazo cy’amazi, aho iyo imvura iguye imivu ituruka mu mihanda, ikamanukira iwabo.

Ati "Amazi ava mu muhanda mushya wa kaburimbo akomeje gutengura ubutaka, iyo imvura iguye, amwe arasandara akanyura mu rugo. Bisa nk’ibyadushyize mu kato kuko dukikijwe n’imikoki, nta muntu ugitinyuka kugira icyo atuma umwana ahantu ngo atagwamo."

Arakomeza ati "Byatugizeho ingaruka rwose kuko iyo imvura iri kugwa, uba wumva ufite ubwoba ko watwarwa n’amazi n’inzu igasenyuka, igatwara imyaka n’ubutaka.’’

Iyo imvura yaguye, amazi aturuka ku mihanda aba ari menshi ku buryo yatwara n'abantu

Agaragaza ko amazi y’umuhanda yayobowe mu ngo n’imirima, akaba afite impungenge ko imvura yo muri Mata 2026 itazabasiga amahoro.

Kubwimana, yakomeje avuga ko badahwema gutakambira ubuyobozi bw’akarere ngo buhindure inzira y’aya mazi, cyangwa ngo byibura bubimure, ariko na n’ubu baracyategereje igisubizo.

Ni ikibazo ahuriyeho n’umuturanyi we Mukantaganzwa Odette. Avuga ko amazi ava mu muhanda ahora amutera mu nzu uko imvura iguye.

Ati ‘‘Iyo imvura iguye tuba tugowe, kubera imigende y’umuhanda itarakozwe. Amazi yo mu muhanda aratumanukira, ugasanga turi kuyadaha. Tubona azadusenyera.”’

Si i Nyanza gusa kuko no mu Karere ka Huye barataka. Nk’abo mu Mudugudu wa Ruvuzo, Akagari ka Matyazo, Umurenge wa Ngoma bavuga ko amazi y’umuhanda wa Huye-Kibeho, mu bice by’ahitwa ku Kamatyazo, yabatwariye imirima, ubu bakaba batazi amaherezo y’ayo mazi.

Umwe utashatse kwivuga, yabwiye IGIHE ko aya mazi yabatwariye ubutaka bahingagamo, ubu hakaba haraba imanga ndende, kandi n’ubundi ikomeje gutwara imirima yabo.

Uyu mubyeyi avuga ko mu myaka itatu gusa nyuma y’ikorwa ry’umuhanda wa Kibeho-Huye, amazi yahise yoherezwa mu mirima yabo nyuma yo kubaka ruhurura ngufi itamanuka ngo igere mu kabande, ibyatumye atwara imirima.

Ati ‘‘Amazi yatwaye imigende irenga 20, ndetse hari n’aho yatwaye igice cy’ikibuga abana bacu bakiniragaho, cyaragiye, turahangayitse. Hari umusore aherutse kuhavunikira, ahavanwa ajya mu bitaro, none byatumye abantu bahacika.”

RTDA yahagurukiye ikibazo

Ubuyobozi bw’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe iterambere ry’Ubwikorezi (RTDA), bugaragaza ko bwatangiye umushinga wo kugenzura ibibazo byose bijyanye n’imiyoboro y’amazi ku mihanda mu gihugu hose.

Ni umushinga watangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa kuko hari n’ibibazo byatangiye gukosorwa ku mihanda itandukanye. Birimo ibyagaragaye ku mihanda ya Muhanga-Ngororero-Mukamira na Gisiza-Pfunda.

Mu bikorwa harimo gukora imisingi ikomeye hifashishijwe amabuye akomeye, ibikoresho byihanganira amazi, ibihombo binini bikozwe muri sima mu guhangana n’ingaruka z’ihindagurika ry’ibihe.

Umuyobozi Ushinzwe Amazi n’Isuku n’Isukura, muri Minisiteri y’Ibikorwaremezo, Gemma Maniraruta, aherutse kuvuga ko gushyira ku mihanda uburyo bwo kuyobora amazi hakiri kare byatangiye gutanga umusaruro

Yavuze ko "Imiyoboro ikora neza ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga amazi yo mu migezi inzuzi n’ibishanga.” yongeraho ko bari “gutunganya ibishanga nk’uburyo bwo kugenzura amazi mu gihugu hose.”

Mu byo TI-Rwanda yasabye harimo kuvugurura ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe no gushyiraho ubugenzuzi bwihariye nyuma y’iyubakwa ry’imihanda, abatubahiriza amabwiriza bagahanwa.

Igaragaza ko ari ngombwa kubahiriza amabwiriza yo kubaka imihanda hagatenganywa n’uburyo bwo kwirinda ibiza bishobora kwangiza.

U Rwanda rwashyize imbaraga mu kubaka imihanda ya kaburimbo mu koroshya ubuhahirane