Ni amafaranga azafasha guteza imbere ubuhinzi n’ubworozi no kuzamura umusaruro w’ibibukomokaho mu gihe kiri imbere.
Ubuhinzi ni inkingi ya mwamba mu kugera ku iterambere ry’ubukungu burambye. Ubuhinzi bugira kandi uruhare rwihariye mu izamuka ry’imibereho myiza y’abaturage.
Imibare iheruka gutangazwa n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare yerekana ko uruhare rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu musaruro mbumbe w’Igihugu ruri ku mpuzandengo ya 25% ku mwaka.
Mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi, ikigamijwe ni ugukomeza kuzamura ikigero cyo kwihaza mu biribwa (self-sufficiency ratio) mu buryo burambye. Kizava kuri 79,6% mu 2024 kikagera ku 100% muri 2029.
Mu Ukwakira 2025, Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr. Justin Nsengiyumva, yabwiye Abagize Inteko Ishinga Amategeko imitwe yombi ko uruhare rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi hamwe n’urw’izindi nzego zitandukanye z’ubukungu rwafashije kuzamura umusaruro mbumbe ku muturage.
Ati “Uyu musaruro wariyongereye. Wavuye ku madolari ya Amerika 754 mu mwaka wa 2017 ugera ku madorari ya Amerika 1.040 mu mwaka wa 2024. 17. Kubera akamaro k’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu iterambere ry’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza, aho hafi 70% y’Abanyarwanda batunzwe na bwo, Guverinoma yakomeje kugenda izamura ingengo y’imari igenera uru rwego.”
U Rwanda rufite intego yo kongera ingano y’ibyo rwohereza mu mahanga (Exports) ku mpuzandengo ya 13% buri mwaka. Naho umusaruro ubikomokaho (export revenues) ukikuba kabiri ukagera kuri miliyari 7,3 z’Amadolari ya Amerika mu mwaka wa 2029.
Gahunda ya NST2 kandi iteganya ko nibura umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi uziyongera ku kigero cya 50%.
MINAGRI yerekana ko kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho, hasabwa gushyira imbaraga mu nkingi zitandukanye zifasha ubuhinzi n’ubworozi gutera imbere aho guhera mu 2025-2029 hateganyijwe gukoresha arenga miliyari 6.406,5 Frw.
Inkingi ya mbere ni ijyanye no kuvugurura ubuhinzi n’ubworozi hakubakwa uburyo ubuhinzi bushobora guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Ibyo bikagerwaho binyuze mu guteza imbere ibihingwa bigezweho kandi byongera umusaruro byitezweho gukoresha arenga 37,9% by’abateganyijwe.
Mu rwego rwo gukomeza guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, hakomeje kwagurwa uburyo bwo kuhira ku buso bunini n’ubuto mu bishanga n’imusozi.
Hagiye hashyirwaho ibikorwaremezo nk’ibigega by’amazi n’imashini zuhira ku bufatanye n’abikorera cyane cyane mu mishinga migari ihurije hamwe ubutaka, aho kugeza ubu, ubuso bw’ubutaka bwuhirwa bugeze kuri hegitari zirenga gato ibihumbi 74 buvuye kuri hegitari zisaga ibihumbi 52 muri 2017.
Intego ihari ni iyo gukomeza kubwongera ku buryo bugera kuri hegitari 132.171 mu 2029.
Guverinoma kandi yiyemeje kuzakomeza gufasha abahinzi kubona amazi mu buryo burambye ndetse hananozwe n’imicungire y’ibikorwaremezo bikoreshwa mu kuhira hirya no hino mu gihugu.
Kuri ubu kandi mu rwego rwo gufasha abahinzi kurushaho kwitabira ibikorwa byo kuhira imyaka yabo, Guverinoma ibunganira kubona ibikoresho byo kuhira ku buso buto butarenze hegitari 10, igatanga 50% by’ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho nk’imashini zuhira, umuhinzi na we akiyishyurira 50%.
Hashyizweho kandi gahunda y’ibyanya bigenga aho hateganyijwe ibigera kuri 19.548 ku buso bwa hegitari 587.489.
Minisitiri w’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi, Dr. Ndabamenye Telesphore, aheruka gushimangira ko iyo gahunda yiswe iyo gukora ibigega by’ibiribwa ‘food basket sites’ izafasha mu gukuba kabiri umusaruro w’ubuhinzi ndetse no kurenzaho.
Ikindi igihugu cyiyemeje gushyiramo imbaraga, ni ugutubura imbuto zijyanye n’imiterere y’ubutaka buhari mu rwego rwo kongera umusaruro.
Hari kandi imbaraga ziri gushyirwa mu kongera ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire mvaruganda ikagera nibura ku biro 94,6 kuri hegitari mu mwaka wa 2029 ari na ko abaturage bakoresha ifumbire y’imborera kuko ifata neza ubutaka kandi ikagira uruhare mu guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Muri iyi myaka kandi hazatezwa imbere ubworozi bugezweho bizongera bikazatwara nibura 20,7% by’ingengo y’imari.
Guverinoma kandi ikomeje gushyira imbaraga mu guteza imbere ubworozi burimo ubw’inka, amatungo magufi, n’ubworozi bw’amafi, hagamijwe kongera umusaruro wabwo.
Aborozi bafashwa kubona icyororo kivuguruye. By’umwihariko, mu bworozi bw’inka, ahashyizwe imbaraga mu kongera umubare w’inka z’icyororo kivuguruye zitanga umukamo n’inyama.
Mu rwego rwo kwihutisha ikwirakwizwa ry’icyororo kivuguruye, Guverinoma irateganya gutangiza umushinga w’ikoranabuhanga mu bworozi uzatuma inka ishobora kubyara binyuze mu kororokera mu zindi (embryo transfer).
Biteganyijwe kandi ko umusaruro w’amafi uziyongera, ukagera kuri toni ibihumbi 77 mu 2029 uvuye kuri 52 wariho mu 2025, umusaruro w’amagi wo ukazava kuri toni ibihumbi 17 mu 2024 ukagere kuri toni 21.000.
U Rwanda kandi rwiyemeje gushyira nkunganire mu kubona inkingo z’amatungo aho rumaze gushyiramo arenga miliyari 36,6Frw kuva 2017 kugera mu 2025/2026.
Kugera ku isoko no gucunga neza umusaruro..
Kimwe mu bintu bigoye, ni uko umuhinzi yahinga akabura isoko ry’umusaruro we, imyaka yeze ikamupfira ubusa, kandi nta n’uburyo buboneye bwo gucunga neza wa musaruro.
MINAGRI yerekana ko ibyo bibashije gukorwa neza byakongera umusaruro ari nayo mpamvu izakoresha arenga 17,5% mu kubigeraho.
U Rwanda rufite intego yo kugabanya umusaruro wangirika ku buryo nibura uva kuri 13,8% ukazagera munsi ya 5% mu mwaka wa 2029.
Ibyo bisaba kubaka ibikorwaremezo bifasha abahinzi n’aborozi gufata neza umusaruro wabo birimo ubwanikiro, ubuhunikiro, ibyumba bikonjesha, imihanda y’imigenderano ndetse hanongerwa imashini zumisha imyaka.
Ubu igihugu gifite ubwanikiro 951 ariko biteganywa ko buzongerwa bukagera 1.199 mu 2029, imashini zumisha ubu ni 56 ariko hifuzwa ko zagera ku 141 muri 2029, mu gihe ububiko bukonjesha ibiribwa n’indabo buzava kuri 90 bukagera ku 120.
Ku bijyanye n’ubuhunikiro, u Rwanda rwari rufite ubushobora guhunika toni ibihumbi 318 (318.025 MT) mu 2024, ruka rwifuza kugera kuri toni zirenga ibihumbi 420 mu 2029 naho amakusanyirizo manini y’amata akazava kuri 135 akagezwa ku 193.
Ikindi MINAGRI yerekanye kizatwara ingengo y’imari nini ni ikijyanye no kubakira ubushobozi abari mu ruhererekane rw’ibiribwa hagamijwe gutanga umusaruro ukwiye.
Ibyo birimo ubushakashatsi no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, kugabanya ibihombo, kunoza igenamigambi n’ihuzabikorwa. Byose bikazatwara nibura 23,9% by’ingengo y’imari.
