Umusaruro u Rwanda rwiteze kuri AI wagarutsweho ubwo Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo, Yves Iradukunda yagezaga ku kuri Sena uburyo u Rwanda ruri kwifashisha iri koranabuhanga mu iterambere ryarwo.
Yavuze ko nyuma y’uko u Rwanda rushyizeho politiki ya AI mu 2023, ubu hari kwibandwa ku nzego zose by’umwihariko, uburezi, ubuzima n’ubuhinzi mu kongera umusaruro w’izo nzego zifatiye runini Abanyarwanda.
Minisitiri Iradukunda ati “Ni ahantu ubona ko iyo hifashishijwe ibikoresho bya AI izi nzego zitanga umusaruro ukomeye. Niba umujyanama w’ubuzima ashobora kubona uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bw’uko umurwayi ameze bukamuha inama y’imiti y’ibanze ashobora kumuha y’ubutabazi bw’ibanze, ese uko ameze akeneye kujyanwa ku kigo nderabuzima cyangwa ku bitaro byihuse birafasha cyane.”
Nyuma y’uko muri Mata 2023, Inama y’Abaminisitiri yemeje Politiki y’Igihugu y’imyaka itanu yo kwihutisha ikoranabuhanga rya AI, isesengura ryakozwe ryagaragaje ko hakenewe ishoramari rya miliyoni 76,5$ kugira ngo AI yimakazwe mu nzego zitandukanye, hagamijwe kongera umusanzu wayo mu iterambere ry’ ubukungu bw’Igihugu.
Iyo ntambwe yahinduye u Rwanda kimwe mu bihugu bike bya Afurika byamaze kwemeza politiki ya AI. Iyi politiki ni na yo izatuma u Rwanda rwongera miliyoni miliyoni 589$ ku musaruro mbumbe w’u Rwanda.
Byaragagajwe ko AI ishobora gufasha mu bijyanye n’ubuhinzi nko mu kuhira, kurwanya ibyonnyi n’uburyo bwo gukoresha ifumbire bigezweho ntibe nyinshi mu butaka kandi hakaboneka umusaruro.
Ni uburyo bwo kuziba ibyuho bihari nk’icy’umusaruro wa 40% utagerwaho nk’uko bikwiriye, 30% by’umusaruro utakara n’uburyo ikwingira mu bana rikiri hejuru ku kigero cya 33%.
Minisitiri Iradukunda yatanze urugero ku mushinga uzwi nka ‘Saagu Baagu’ wo mu Buhinde aho abaturage 7000 bifashishije AI mu guhinga urusenda, hagaragazwa ko byongereye umusaruro ku kigero cya 21%, nyuma baryagurira mu bahinzi barenga ibihumbi 500.
Ni uburyo buzwi nka ‘Artificial Intelligence for Agricultural Innovation’, aho hifashishwa AI mu gupima ubutaka harebwa niba bumeze neza, igatanga igisubizo ku cyakorwa niba butameze neza n’amakuru y’urugero ubutaka bwifuzwa buriho ariko ikanahuza abahinzi n’amasoko bagurishaho umusaruro wabo.
Mu Rwanda mu byitezwe mu gihe AI yaba yisunzwe harimo 25% mu bijyanye no kuzamura umusaruro, kugabanya 20% by’amazi n’ifumbire ikoreshwa mu buhinzi, byose bigafasha kuzamura umusaruro w’ibyo umuhinzi yinjiza ku kigero cya 50%.
Mu guteza imbere uru rwego hari kubakwa uburyo buzajya bufasha mu kugenzura imbuto ziberanye n’ahantu runaka hagaragaye hifashishijwe amashusho ya satelite.
Haherewe ku bigori, ibirayi, ibishyimbo n’umuceri, Bizafasha gukora igenamiyambi rigezweho no gufasha mu guteza imbere ubwishingizi bw’ibihingwa.
Minisitiri Iradukunda ati “Niba umuhinzi ashobora kubona amakuru y’uko ikirere kimeze, uko kizitwara mu minsi igiye kuza, imbuto zikwiriye guhindwa uko zikwiriye guhindurwa, ubona ko bizafasha kugera ku ntego.”
Biri no mu murongo wo kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi ku kigero cya 50% bitarenze mu 2029, ikigero cyo kwihaza mu biribwa kikava kuri 79,6% mu 2024 kikagera ku 100% mu 2029.
Mu bijyanye no kwimakaza AI mu burezi, u Rwanda rwiteze gukemura ibibazo biri muri uru rwego, harimo nko kugabanya icyuho cy’abarimu bita ku bana aho ubu umwe abarirwa abanyeshuri 65, ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga mu bigo by’amashuri rikiri kuri 36% n’abana basibira bari 30%.
Hatanzwe urugero ku buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwatangijwe mu Buhinde, bufasha umwarimu kumenya urwego abanyeshuri bagezeho mu gusoma neza harebwa amakosa bakora, umuvuduko basomaho n’ibindi. Bigakorwa mu kanya nk’ako guhumbya kandi umwarimu akita ku bana bose.
Iyi gahunda yamaze kwigishwa abarimu barenga 23.000 bo mu mashuri abanza ndetse abanyeshuri miliyoni esheshatu bamaze kugerwaho n’ubu buryo.
Kwimakaza iri koranabuhanga bizafasha u Rwanda gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukosora umunyeshuri mwarimu abigizemo uruhare ruke.
By’umwihariko hazashyirwamo uburyo bwa AI bushyirwa muri WhatsApp bwigisha imibare buzafasha abana bo mu mashuri yisumbuye.
Hari ubundi bufasha abarimu bo mu mashuri abanza gutegura amasomo, guteza imbere imyigishirize ndetse n’ubwo gukosora hifashishijwe AI.
Ni umushinga watangijwe mu bigo 14 byo mu turere turindwi. Bwose bwamaze gutanga umusaruro. Bumaze kugezwa mu banyeshuri barenga 5400 n’abarimu 107.
Mu byitezweho harimo kuzamura umusaruro w’uburezi ku kigero cya 30%, kuzamura umusaruro wa mwarimu ku kigero cya 20% no kugabanya igihe abantu bafata biga ku kigero cya 25%.
Minisitiri Iradukunda ati “Bizafasha no kwiga neza, aho kugira ngo umwana afate mu mutwe ibintu uko byakabaye nta nyurabwenge, ahubwo azabona amakuru yisumbuyeho hifashishijwe AI ariko binakafasha ko umwarimu kubaza ibibazo bisaba inyurabwenge aho kumubaza kwibuka bya bindi umwana yafashe mu mutwe.”
Gates Foundation imaze gutanga miliyari 25 Frw
Muri Mata 2025 ni bwo u Rwanda rwashyize umukono ku masezerano yo gufatanya na Umuryango Gates Foundation, mu guteza imbere AI mu mirimo y’iterambere ry’u Rwanda, mu mushinga uzwi nka “AIScaling Hubs”.
Ku ikubitiro u Rwanda rwatoranyijwe ruri kumwe na Kenya, Nigeria na Senegal, aho bizafashwa n’uyu muryango w’Abanyamerika kubona amafaranga azafasha mu kubaka ubumenyi, ibikorwaremezo n’ibindi.
Ku ikubitiro u Rwanda rwahawe miliyoni 7,5$, ariko Minisitiri Iradukunda yabwiye Abasenateri ko amaze kugera kuri miliyoni 17,5$ (arenga miliyari 25 Frw), ndetse ko igihugu cyahisemo kuyakoresha hashyirwa imbaraga mu mishinga irindwi y’ibanze ariko igamije ku guteza imbere uburezi, ubuzima n’ubuhinzi.
Muri iyo mishinga harimo uwo gutanga ubuvuzi hisunzwe iya kure (AI-Enabled National Telemedicine Services), ibizafasha Abaturarwanda kugerwaho na serivisi z’ubuvuzi, abantu bagasuzumwa kare n’ibindi.
Harimo kandi gufasha Ikigo gishinzwe kugura no gukwirakwiza imiti n’ibikoresho byo kwa muganga mu Rwanda (Rwanda Medical Supply Ltd:RMS), kubona uburyo bwa AI bushobora mu kumenya imiti ihari n’iyo kizakenera mu bihe biri imbere.
Ni uburyo bwafasha cyane iki kigo gikoresha miliyari 5 Frw mu kugura imashini zifashishwa mu gutanga serivisi z’ubuvuzi zitandukanye, mu buryo butandukanye.
Bizafasha RMS kubona amakuru agezweho ari ku isoko, abakeneye imiti bakayibona kare abakeneye imiti yose bakayibonera igihe n’amafaranga byatwaraga mu gushaka ayo makuru akagabanywa.
Muri iyo mishinga harimo gushyiraho icyuma cyo kwa muganga gisuzuma ababyeyi batwite ariko cyifitemo AI (AI Ultrasound Imaging), ku buryo kizajya gifasha mu gutahura ibibazo umubyeyi utwite yagize.
Abaforomo, ababyaza n’abajyanama b’ubuzima bazatozwa gukoresha ubu buryo hugezweho, bajye batahura kare ibyago utwite ashobora kugira, yoherezwe ku bitaro bikuru hakiri kare bigabanye imibare y’abana bapfa bavuka n’ababyeyi bapfa babyara kandi hadakenewe inzobere muri ibi bintu.
Umuforomo, umujyanama w’ubuzima cyangwa umubyaza apima nk’umutwe w’umwana uri mu nda, indeshyo y’amagufa, n’ibindi byose abisuzume mu minota itarenze 10.
Mu buhinzi, ubufatanye bw’u Rwanda na Gates Foundation buzafasha gushyiraho uburyo bw’ikoranabunaga rya AI buzafasha abahinzi kubona inama z’ingenzi z’uburyo babukoramo cyane cyane ababukorera ku buso buto (AI-Enabled Agriculture Advisory Services), amakuru yose bakazajya bayabonera mu Kinyarwanda.
Hazashyirwaho n’uburyo bwa AI buzajya bufasha abarimu gusuzuma abanyeshuri mu mashuri abanza (1-5) haherwe ku masomo y’Icyongereza n’Imibare.
Bizafasha umwarimu kugabanya umuzigo, gutahura ibyuho hakiri kare ndetse harebwe uburyo abana bakwigishwa mu buryo bugezweho kandi kuti bose.
Ni uburyo bwatekerejwe hafatiwe urugero ku bwo mu Buhinde busa na bwo. Ubu hamaze gutangwa masuzuma miliyoni esheshatu yatanzwe mu mwaka ahabwa abanyeshuri miliyoni ebyiri bo mu mashuri ahanza.
Abarimu ibihumbi 100 batangiye kubukoresha ndetse bigabanya igihe cyakoreshwaga kuko nk’isuzuma ryamaraga iminota itandatu rimara amasegonda 40 kuri huri mwana.
Ubu buryo bwiyongeraho gahunda ya leta yo kwigisha abana miliyoni mu bijyanye na coding, intego izagerwago ku bufatanye n’ibigo nka Google, Huawei, Oracle, IBM, Udacity n’ibindi bizatanga amasomo atandukanye.
