Iminsi ibaye 5 urubyiruko rw’Abafaransa bibumbiye mu Muryango w’u Burayi urwanya irondakoko (EGAM) bageze mu Rwanda; nk’uko babivuga, impamvu y’urugendo rwabo ni ukotsa igitutu u Bufaransa ngo bugaragaze uruhare rwabwo muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi muri Mata 1994. Intero y’uru rubyiruko, ni ugusaba ko «ukuri kujya ahagaragara, guceceka no gukomeza gukingira ikibaba Abafaransa bagize uruhare muri jenoside bigahagarara burundu».
Ibi si bibi na busa, kuko ni kenshi u Rwanda rwagaragaje ko u Bufaransa bwagize uruhare mu gutegura no gushyira mu bikorwa jenoside yisasiye inzirakarengane zirenga miliyoni imwe, mu gihe kitarenze iminsi ijana gusa.
Gusa igiteye impungenge, ni ukwibaza niba uru ruzinduko atari nka za mpuhwe za bihehe. Ese koko baragenzwa no kugaragaza ukuri ku ruhare rw’igihugu cyabo muri jenoside? Cyangwa ni iyindi politiki Abafaransa bavumbuye irimo amacenga ateruye (soma ateeruye), bakabinyuza mu bitambambuga (bamwe muri bo ni abana bato cyane)?
Uruzinduko rwabo ruhatse iki ?
Aba bahungu n’abakobwa bari mu ruzinduko i Kigali mu gihe ba sebuja (abayobozi b’amashyaka bakomokamo) bicaye mu Bufaransa bahugiye mu kugenzura u Rwanda ngo barebe aho ikico giherereye hanyuma nabo bakubite bihanukiriye.
Uru ruzinduko rushobora gufatwa nk’urugamije gupfuka amaso y’Abanyarwanda mu gihe igihugu cyabo kidasiba gukoresha amagambo akarishye ku Rwanda n’abayobozi barwo bavuga ko ari abanyagitugu.
Uru rugendo kandi ntirukuraho raporo n’amatangazo y’urudaca asohorwa ashinja u Rwanda kwangiza uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu, ndetse ibi byose bikorwa mu gihe iki gihugu cyasabwe gushyikiriza ubutabera abagize uruhare mu guhekura u Rwanda, baba Abanyarwanda n’Abafaransa, bagituyemo, ariko kigaseta ibirenge.
Kugeza ubu u Bufaransa buza mu bihugu bya mbere bicumbikiye kandi bigakingira ikibaba abasize bakoze jenoside mu Rwanda, ndetse aho ubutabera bwo muri iki gihugu bwagerageje guhamagaza bamwe mu Bafaransa bagize uruhare muri jenoside, bahaswe ibibazo barisobanura hanyuma bikomereza ubuzima bwabo, ibi bigafatwa nko kuruma uhuha. Izina rigaruka aha ni Paul Barril wahoze ari Kapiteni muri jandarumori y’u Bufaransa akaba yarabazwaga iby’intwaro zagaragaye mu bubiko bw’ingabo z’u Rwanda kandi zItari zemewe, ndetse izi zikaba zisa neza neza na misile yifashishijwe mu guhanura indege ya Habyarimana.
Intego y’uruzinduko rw’uru rubyiruko yafatwa nko kujijisha u Rwanda no kuruhuma amaso ko abasore b’u Bufaransa bo bashaka ko hasaswa inzobe ibintu bigasobanuka, abagize uruhare muri jenoside bakabibazwa. Hanyuma mu gihe duhugiye muri ibi, iminsi ikaba yicuma.
Tubafate nk’urubyiruko cyangwa ni abanyapolitiki karahabutaka?
Igisubizo gikwiriye ni OYA. Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko, abagize umuryango EGAM uru rubyiruko ruhuriyemo ari abayobozi b’urubyiruko mu mitwe ya politiki, amashyirahamwe akomeye y’abanyeshuri n’abandi.
Dore bamwe muri bo:
Laura Slimani: Ayobora Urugaga rw’urubyiruko mu ishyaka ry’Abasosiyalisiti, ari naryo riri ku butegetsi mu Bufaransa. Uru rugaga rugizwe n’abanyamuryango barenga ibihumbi bitanu, rugira ijambo rikomeye cyane mu ruhando rwa politiki, kuko bahabwa umwanya n’agaciro gakomeye ndetse bakagaragaza ibitekerezo byabo mu biganiro mpaka bikomeye bya politiki mu Bufaransa, kandi bakagira uruhare rukomeye mu kwamamaza abakandida b’Abasosiyalisiti mu bihe by’amatora.
Slimani ufatwa nk’umuntu ukomeye uri kumwe n’uru rubyiruko, tariki 8 Mutarama 2014 yari ku mva ya Francois Mitterrand yagiye kumwunamira, aho yari yatumiwe n’ikigo kitiriwe uyu muperezida, Institut Francois Mitterrand. Iki kigo kuri ubu kiyobowe na Hubert Vedrine wari Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Ibiro bya Perezidansi y’u Bufaransa mu gihe cya jenoside kandi uyu yagaragajwe muri raporo ya Mucyo, ku ruhare rw’u Bufaransa muri jenoside.
Ubwo yaganiraga na RFI muri Mata uyu mwaka, Laura yanenze cyane imvugo ya Perezida Kagame avuga ko yarengereye cyane ubwo yashinjaga u Bufaransa kugira uruhare muri jenoside.
Yagize ati «N’ubwo ku ruhande rumwe ibirego bya [Perezida] Kagame birimo kurengera (soma kurengeera) cyane, ariko uburyo bwiza bwo kubyemeza ni ukujya mu Rwanda tuvuga tuti ni uruhe ruhare rw’u Bufaransa… ».
Sinkeka ko umuntu utemera ko abafite ibikomere batewe n’uruhare rw’igihugu cye muri jenoside batobora bakavuga akabari ku mutima nk’uko Perezida Kagame yabikoze mu mwanya w’Abanyarwanda bose ubwo yaganiraga na Jeune Afrique, yabasha kuzagaragaza neza uko kuri bavuga ko barwanira igihe kuzaba kwabonetse.
Benjamin Abtan: Niwe muyobozi wa EGAM, ni umujyanama ushinzwe imikoranire na sosiyete sivile wa Christiane Taubira, uyu akaba ari Minisitiri w’Ubutabera mu Bufaransa. Abtan akora iyi mirimo kuva mu kwezi kwa cyenda umwaka ushize.
Christiane Taubira kimwe na Perezida w’u Bufaransa Francois Hollande ukomoka mu ishyaka ry’Abasosiyalisiti, bafatwa na bamwe nk’abaragwa b’ibitekerezo bya Francois Mitterrand wari ku ngoma ubwo abatutsi barenga miliyoni bicwaga bazira uko bavutse.
Ubwo Taubira yatoranywaga kuzahagararira u Bufaransa mu muhango wo kwibuka ku nshuro ya 20 jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, n’ubwo byarangiye ataje bitewe n’uko Perezida Kagame yongeye kwibutsa isi ko u Bufaransa bwagize uruhare muri jenoside bigatuma Hollande ahagarika iby’urwo ruzinduko, byari byafashwe nk’aho uyu minisitiri w’umwirabura agizwe igikoresho, bakumva ko wenda Abanyarwanda bazamwibonamo, bakaba bibagiweho gato uruhare bagize mu kujugunya u Rwanda mu mwijima w’icuraburindi.
Abasosiyalisiti bari bashyigikiye Mitterrand
Reka tugaruke inyuma gato twibaze ibi: Kuba Francois Mitterrand yari ashyigikiye umugambi mubisha wo gutsemba abatutsi byari ibitekerezo bye bwite cyangwa n’ishyaka rye ryari ribishyigikiye?
Mitterrand wagiye ku butegetsi tariki ya 21 Gicurasi 1981 nka Perezida wa 21 w’u Bufaransa, yabuvuyeho kuwa 17 Gicurasi 1995, hafi umwaka umwe jenoside ihagaritswe.
Imikoranire y’u Bufaransa n’u Rwanda muri rusange yatangiye nyuma gato y’uko u Rwanda ruhawe ubwigenge, ariko isinywa ry’amasezerano mu bya gisirikare ryakozwe mu 1975. Aya masezerano akaba yaribandaga ku mahugurwa ingabo z’u Bufaransa zahaga abajandarume b’u Rwanda, ariko akabuza izi ngabo kuba zakwivanga mu bikorwa bya gisirikare.
Mu mwaka wa 1983 aya masezerano yaje kwemerera izi ngabo kwambara impuzankano (uniform) y’ingabo z’u Rwanda. Itegeko ryabuzaga Abafaransa kwifatanya n’ingabo z’u Rwanda mu ntambara ryaje gukurwaho, hanyuma guhera mu 1992, Abafaransa bafasha ingabo za Habyarimana zari mu rugamba rwo gukumira Inkotanyi zashakaga gufata igihugu.
Bizwi neza ko iyo perezida ashyizweho, adashobora gufata ibyemezo bishobora gushyira igihugu cye cyangwa ishyaka ryamushyizeho mu kaga, cyane cyane mu bihugu bivuga ko biharanira demokarasi kurusha ibindi.
Amashyaka agira ijambo rikomeye mu miyoborere y’ibihugu byabo, bisobanuye neza ko umuntu avuze ko ishyaka ry’abasosiyalisiti ryari rishyigikiye Mitterrand mu mugambi mubisha wo gufasha Habyarimana kumara abatutsi ataba yibeshye. Ubutumwa bw’ingabo z’ u Bufaransa mu Rwanda cyangwa ubufasha mu bikoresho n’imitungo mu gushyigikira Guverinoma yakoze jenoside, ntibyakurwaga mu mufuka wa Mitterrand, ahubwo ni mu isanduku ya Leta y’u Bufaransa; bivuze neza ko amashyaka, cyane cyane iryari ku butegetsi, yari afite ijambo ku kwamagana ibi bikorwa.
Aba basore ntibakunda kuvuga ku mashyaka yabo muri ibi bikorwa
Ubwo bageraga mu Rwanda, naganiriye na Abtan mubaza niba iyo bavuga uruhare rw’u Bufaransa muri jenoside baba bavuga u Bufaransa nk’igihugu cyangwa ari abantu ku giti cyabo, ansubiza ko bitakwitwa ko ari igihugu kuko politiki y’ubufasha bw’u Bufaransa muri jenoside itakorwaga ku mugaragaro. Yasobanuye ko ari ibintu byakorwaga mu ibanga rikomeye kuko n’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko itabimenyaga.
Iki ni ikinyoma gikomeye kuko ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko iki gihugu cyafashije leta y’abajenosideri gushyira mu bikorwa umugambi wabo bitavumbuwe uyu munsi, no muri icyo gihe byari biriho. Bisobanuye ko n’uwari gushaka kugira icyo abikoraho cyangwa ngo yamagane ibyo bikorwa, atari kubanza kureba niba ari itegeko ryatowe mu nteko cyangwa ari umugambi mubisha w’abantu ku giti cyabo.
Namubajije kandi niba amashyaka bakomokamo ashyigikiye urugamba bari kurwana rwo gushyira ukuri ahagaragara asubiza ko ibyo barimo babikora ubwabo, bafatanije n’abandi bantu bose bashyigikiye ibitekerezo byabo, ahubwo ambwira ko byaba byiza ngiye kubaza ba nyiri ayo mashyaka icyo babitekerezaho.
Biragaragara ko iyo bavuga ku mashyaka yabo, baterura ngo bagaragaze aho ashobora kuba ahuriye n’ibi bikorwa barimo. Gusa ntibyumvikana ukuntu abanyamuryango b’amashyaka bashobora kujya mu miryango runaka, bakavuga ku mugaragaro kuri politiki z’igihugu cyabo, aho ijambo u Bufaransa rigenda rigaruka kenshi, hanyuma ishyaka runaka bakomokamo rigashyira agati mu ryinyo.
Umwanzuro ukwiriye kuba ko Abanyarwanda badakwiriye kurangazwa n’abanyamahanga badukana ibitekerezo runaka, bakagaragaza ko bafitiye impuhwe igihugu, ahubwo buri Munyarwanda uzi icyo ashaka, narebe imbere yiteze imbere muri byose, kuko amateka ntashobora gusibangana.
Niba u Bufaransa bwaragize uruhare muri jenoside, ibi bidukerereze, dukomeze dukine umukino w’amagambo nabo? Ahubwo turebe ku mateka yacu, adutere imbaraga zo kurenga inzitizi twatewe nayo, maze u Rwanda rukomeze rukire ibikomere.
Foto: Internet
TANGA IGITEKEREZO