Izi mpinduka ziri mu Itegeko Nº 027/2022 ryo kuwa 20/10/2022 rishyiraho umusoro ku musaruro. Ingingo ya 56 y’iri tegeko rishya, ivuga ku musoro ufatirwa ku musaruro ukomoka ku murimo, isobanura ko umwaka wa mbere uhereye ku itariki iri tegeko ritangira gukurikizwa, guhera ku mafaranga 0 kugeza ku 60.000Frw, umusoro ari 0%.

Guhera kuri 60.001Frw kugeza ku 100.000Frw umusoro ni 20%, naho guhera ku 100.001Frw kujyana hejuru ni umusoro wa 30%.

Kuva ku mwaka wa kabiri nyuma y’uko iri tegeko ritangira gukurikizwa, guhera ku mafaranga 0 kugeza ku 60.000Frw, umusoro ari 0%., guhera ku 100.001Frw kujyana hejuru ni umusoro wa 20% bivuye kuri 30% naho guhera 200.001 kujyana hejuru ni 30%.

Mu mibare yoroshye, umukozi uhembwa ibihumbi 60Frw, umukoresha we iyo yajyaga kumwishyura yabanzaga gukuraho ibihumbi 30Frw bidasorerwa andi ibihumbi 30Frw akabisorera 20%, ni ukuvuga 6000Frw yavaga ku mushahara we.

Ibi bisobanuye ko ibyo uyu mukozi yacyuraga mu rugo hiyongereyeho 6000Frw. Ni inkuru nziza ku bakozi.

Urundi rugero, ku kwezi iyo umukoresha yajyaga kwishyura umusoro ku mushahara w’umukozi we, yafataga umushahara wenda w’ibihumbi 100Frw, agakuramo ibihumbi 30 bidasorerwa, hanyuma akabara 20% by’ibihumbi 70Frw bisigaye. Ni ukuvuga ko uhembwa ibihumbi 100, yasoraga 14 000Frw.

Mu itegeko rishya, nta mpinduka zigaragara mu mwaka wa mbere ariko mu mwaka wa kabiri zizabaho kuko icyo gihe guhera kuri 60.001Frw kugeza ku 100.000Frw umusoro uzagirwa 10% uvuye kuri 20%.

Ibi bivuze ko mu mwaka wa mbere uhembwa nk’ibihumbi 100Frw, arishyura umusoro w’ibihumbi 100Frw ukuyemo ibihumbi 60Frw. Ni ukuvuga 20% y’ibihumbi 40.000Frw ari yo 8000Frw avuye kuri 14.000Frw.

Ku mwaka wa kabiri ni ukuvuga guhera mu Ugushyingo umwaka utaha umusoro uzaba 4000Frw ku mushahara w’ibihumbi 100Frw. Bivuze ko ayo umukozi uhembwa ibihumbi 100Fw acyura mu rugo haziyongeraho ibihumbi 10Frw, ni ukuvuga 10%.

Abahembwaga guhera ku 100.001 Frw kujyana hejuru basoraga 30%. Mu itegeko rishya ibihumbi 100 bizajya bisora (100000-60000)*20%=8000Frw aho kuba 14000Frw noneho abahembwa hejuru y’ibihumbi 100Frw hazabanza gukuraho bya bihumbi 100Frw bisora 8000Frw ubundi habarirwe ku ijanisha.

Ku mwaka wa kabiri, uyu musoro uzaba 20% ku bahembwa 100.001Frw kugeza ku 200.000Frw.

Abahembwa hejuru y’ibihumbi 200 Frw umusoro batangaga uzakomeza kuba 30% nk’uko n’itegeko rya mbere ryabiteganyaga ariko ayo umukozi ajyana mu rugo aziyongera.

Nk’umuntu ufite umushahara mbumbe wa 300.000Frw ukuramo ukuraho ibihumbi 100Frw bisora 8000Frw naho 200 000Frw asigaye agasora 30% ni ukuvuga (300.000-100.000)*30%=60.000Frw. Ubwo umusoro uraba 60000+14000=74000Frw aho kuba 81.000Frw nk’uko byari bisanzwe.

Mu nzego za Leta n’ibigo bimwe na bimwe by’abikorera byubahiriza amategeko, umukozi afashwa no kwishyura ubwisungane mu kwivuza, kwizigamira izabukuru n’ibindi bishobora gutuma amafaranga agera ku mukozi aba ari macye.

Gusa, usanga abantu benshi bishimira gukora muri Leta kuko baba bizeye ejo hazaza habo kandi hari n’andi mahirwe abakozi ba Leta babona n’ubwo atari bose nk’uduhimbazamushyi, misiyo n’ibindi bemererwa.

Leta yigomwe umusoro, umushahara uriyongera

Imibare yerekana ko mu itegeko rishya rishyiraho umusoro ku musaruro, leta yigomwe umusoro ahubwo umushahara umukozi atahana uriyongera kuri bamwe mu bakozi bahembwaga make.

Urugero nk’umukozi uhembwa ibihumbi 60Frw watangaga umusoro wa 6000Frw ntabwo azongera kuwutanga. Bivuze ko ku bakozi 1000 bahembwa ibihumbi 60, Leta yigomwe umusoro wa 6.000.0000Frw ku kwezi.

Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa Sendika y’abakora mu bucukuzi bwa Mine na Kariyeri mu Rwanda (REWU), Eng. André Mutsindashyaka, yagaragaje ko hari bimwe byiza bishobora gukurikira ikurwaho ry’uwo musoro.

Eng. Mutsindashyaka yavuze ko ari icyemezo cyiza kuko hari icyo byongereye ku mushahara w’umukozi.

Ati “Dufatiye nko k’umukozi wahembwaga 60,000Frw bivuze ko Leta yigomwe umusoro ungana na 6,000Frw [(60,000 - 30,000) x20%] tugendeye ku itegeko rya mbere. Ayo mafaranga y’uwo musoro birumvikana ko ubu atazakatwa umukozi, bityo akaba ari inyongera umukozi yabonye iturutse kuri iri tegeko”.

Eng. Mutsindashyaka akomeza avuga ko iri tegeko ari igisubizo ku bakoresha batinyaga guhembera abakozi babo kuri konti.

Ati “Leta yacu ishyira umuturage ku isonga turayishimira cyane rwose. Ikindi nakongeraho, nuko dusaba abakoresha bamwe noneho batinyaga guhembera abakozi kuri konti bakwepa kugaragaza amafaranga bahemba ndetse bakanatinya ko batanga TPR [umusoro ku bihembo by’abakozi], ubu noneho bazabikora kuko icyo batinyaga bagiherewe igisubizo”.

Hari ibikenewe ngo abakozi bishime kandi batekane mu kazi

REWU ni Sendika nyarwanda ikunze kumvikana izamura ijwi ku bibazo by’abakozi by’umwihariko ku ishyirwaho ry’Umushahara fatizo mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.

Eng Mutsindashyaka avuga ko kugira ngo umukozi akore yishimye, ari ngombwa ko agira amasezerano y’umurimo yanditse; agahembwa umushahara umufasha kubona ibyibanze byo gutuma abaho, agatunga umuryango we, umushahara ukajyana n’ibiciro biri ku isoko; akagira ubwiteganyirize bw’izabukuru n’indwara zikomoka ku kazi; uburenganzira bwe mu kazi bukubahirizwa, agakora adahutazwa mu kazi; agahabwa ibikoresho by’akazi kugira ngo abashe gutanga umusaruro ukwiye.

Ati "Usanga bibabaje kubona umukozi akorera ikigo runaka, kigatanga serivisi zacyo kikunguka umukozi yabigizemo uruhare, ariko umukoresha ntatekereze kuzamurira umushahara abakozi batuma ikigo cye cyubaka izina kubera ubwitange bwabo. Hari na bamwe mu bakoresha usanga bambura abakozi babo wa mushahara w’intica ntikize babahemba, ibyo rwose ntabwo bikwiye, bene abo bakoresha bakwiye kwisubiraho".

Yakomeje avuga ko mu gihe cyose abakoresha bahaye agaciro abakozi babo, bakaganira ku mikorere y’ikigo cyabo, nta kabuza yaba umukoresha n’umukozi bakorana bishimye kandi buri wese akagera ku nyungu ze ntawe uryamiye undi.

Ati "Ibyo nibyo twifuza ko bigera mu bigo byose, umuco w’ibiganiro ukaba ihame hagati y’umukozi n’umukoresha".

Gukuraho umusoro ku mushahara utarenze ibihumbi 60Frw n’izindi mpinduka zakozwe byose bigamije kugabanya uburemere bw’umusoro ucibwa abakozi bafite umushahara muto no guteza imbere umurimo.

Ubwo hasobanurwaga impamvu y’iri tegeko, Depite Munyangeyo Théogene yabwiye IGIHE ko bizatanga umusaruro ufatika ku iterambere ry’abaturage.

Ati “Buriya babyoroheje, baba borohereje umuturage. Aho kugira ngo uzamure imishahara kuko bikaba byakurura igisa nk’izamuka ry’ibiciro, wakora ibi kuko umuturage aba abyungukiyemo kabiri noneho umuturage akaba yakora ibindi by’ishoramari.”

Munyangeyo yavuze ko unakurikije igihe uwo musoro wagiriyeho, ari kera ku buryo hari hakenewe amavugurura bigendanye n’agaciro k’ifaranga.

Ati “Byari bimaze igihe. Urumva niba byaragiyeho idolari riri kuri 300 Frw cyangwa 400 Frw ubu bikaba byarikubye kabiri, urumva biraha umuturage ubwinyagamburiro.”

Kubera iyo misoro ku mushahara, hari ibigo bimwe na bimwe byigenga cyangwa biciriritse bikoresha abantu benshi, byirindaga kubahemba amafaranga arenze 30 000 Frw kuko bayarengeje batangira kubasorera.

Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi Ushinzwe Imari ya Leta, Tusabe Richard yavuze ko iki cyemezo gikwiye kuko amafaranga agenda agabanuka mu gaciro.

Ati “Ibihumbi 30 Frw ku kwezi cyangwa ibihumbi 360 Frw ku mwaka byashyizweho kuva mu 2005. Imyaka 15 irashize mu gihe ifaranga ryacu rigenda rigabanuka mu gaciro, twasanze igihe kigeze ngo tuzamure tugeze ku bihumbi 60 Frw ku kwezi”.

Itegeko rishya rivuga kandi ko hatitawe ku biteganywa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo, umusoro wa nyakabyizi utangwa ku gipimo cyihariye cya cumi na gatanu ku ijana (15%). Icyakora, mu kubara umusoro wa nyakabyizi, amafaranga y’u Rwanda atarenze ibihumbi mirongo itandatu (60.000 Frw) ku kwezi, asoreshwa ku gipimo cya zero ku ijana (0%).

Hari abo imishahara yabo iziyongera kubera ikurwaho ry'umusoro ku mushahara utarenze 60.000Frw