Mu 2023 nibwo BNR yatangiye inyigo yo kureba uburyo mu Rwanda hatangira gukoreshwa ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga ariko rigenzurwa na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu, rizwi nka ‘Central Bank Digital Currency’.

Inyigo y’ibanze yari igamije kureba icyo iri faranga ryamarira Abanyarwanda, uko ryakoreshwa bigendanye n’ubundi buryo busanzwe mu Rwanda nk’amabanki, mobile money ndetse niba ari ngombwa kurikoresha.

Iki cyiciro cy’ibanze cyarangiye bigaragaye ko ari ngombwa gukoresha iri faranga, kuko hari byinshi ryakemura.

Kuri ubu uyu mushinga winjiye mu cyiciro gishya cyo gutangira kugerageza uko iri faranga ryakoreshwa no kwakira ibitekerezo by’abari mu rwego rw’imari mu Rwanda.

Iri faranga ry’ikorabuhanga rifasha kwishyurana byihuse n’igihe udafite internet, kandi ni uburyo bwizewe bwo kwishyurana bwiyongera ku bwari busanzwe nk’ihererekanya ry’amafaranga cyangwa kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.

Iryo gerageza ni intambwe ikomeye igana ku kubaka urwego rw’imari ruteye imbere kandi rudaheza.

BNR yatangaje ko igerageza ry’iryo faranga ryatangiye ndetse biteganyijwe ko hazatangazwa ibyarivuyemo bitarenze mu Ukwakira 2025.

Ni igerageza rigamije gufasha kumva imiterere y’ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga, amategeko arigenga, umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga ryaryo ndetse n’ihuzanzira ry’ubundi buryo bwo kwishyurana busanzwe buhari.

Ryitezweho kandi gushyira umucyo ku murongo BNR izafata mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryo kwemeza ko u Rwanda rukoresha ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga.

Muri iki cyiciro, BNR iri gukorana n’ikigo cyo mu Budage Giesecke+Devrient, gisanzwe kizobereye mu bijyanye no gukoresha ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga.

Ibi bigo byombi byateguye igikorwa cyo gukusanya ibitekerezo bizibanda ku bice bine binyuze mu gisa n’irushanwa.

Ibyo bice birimo kugaragaza ko iri faranga rizoroshya ibijyanye no kwishyurana mu bice by’icyaro, uko rizafasha guverinoma kugeza amafaranga ku baturage, uko rizoroshya uburyo abantu bohererezanya amafaranga ndetse rigatuma serivisi z’imari zirushaho gutekana no guhenduka.

Aya marushanwa azitabirwa n’amabanki, ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga ndetse n’abandi babishaka bari mu rwego rw’imari.

Iki cyiciro gishya cy’uyu mushinga kizafasha BNR kureba ibikwiriye kunozwa mbere y’uko hafatwa umwanzuro wa nyuma, kubona uburyo butandukanye iri faranga rishobora gukoreshwamo binyuze mu bitekerezo by’abahanga no kugira ngo hatagira usigara inyuma muri uru rugendo rushya ruganisha ku ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga.

Muri Kanama 2025, nibwo abantu bazatangira gutanga ibitekezo byabo, muri Nzeri hatoranywe abahize abandi, basobanure ibitekerezo byabo, nyuma y’aho BNR izareba ibyavuye muri iki cyiciro ifate umwanzuro.

Biteganyijwe ko nyuma y’ibi byiciro bibiri, iri faranga rizanyura mu bindi bitatu birimo kubaka ibikorwaremezo by’ikoranabuhanga bizajya byifashishwa no gutangira kurigerageza ariko bikorewe ku bantu bake n’ahantu hato. Ibi byose nibigenda neza, rizashyirwa hanze ritangire gukoreshwa, ari nacyo cyiciro cya nyuma.

Mu kiganiro Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, Soraya Hakuziyaremye aherutse kugirana na IGIHE, yagarutse ku byitezwe kuri uyu mushinga.

Ati “Ni gahunda ndende ariko na none twitondera, kuko turashaka ko iryo faranga koranabuhanga niba ryemejwe ko ritangira, rizaba ari ifaranga koko ritanga umutekano usesuye kandi tubona ko ryagirira akamaro Abanyarwanda. Igice cya mbere cy’ubushakashatsi cyararangiye, twanagiye duhura n’inzego zitandukanye tunasaba abaturage ibitekerezo byabo ku byavuye muri ubwo bushakashatsi kugira ngo dutangire igerageza rito ry’iryo faranga kandi ubu niho tugeze.”

Yakomeje avuga ko “Twabona ko iryo faranga koranabuhanga koko amahirwe turyitezemo muri iryo ryerageza byerekanye ko bishoboka, tukaba twatangira igerageza risesuye ku baturage bake b’u Rwanda bagatangira kurikoresha hanyuma ibyo tubonye muri iryo gerageza ni byo bizatanga icyerekezo ko u Rwanda rwagira iryo faranga koranabuhanga.”

Yongeyeho ko “Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko impinduka ya mbere ishobora kugaragarira mu giciro gito ku bantu bahererekanya amafaranga byaba mu gihugu ndetse no kohereza amafaranga mu mahanga no kuyabona, cyane ko hari ibihugu byatangije iryo faranga koranabuhanga, guhahirana bikaba byakoroha kandi bidahenze."

"Ikindi ni uko ryatuma habaho uguhatana kwinshi ku batanga serivisi zo kwishyurana bakoresheje iryo faranga koranabuhanga. Hari kandi kwerekana ko ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa muri iryo faranga rifite imbaraga zisumbuyeho.”

Ifaranga rya CBDC ritandukanye n’andi mafaranga y’ikoranabuhanga azwi nka ’Cryptocurrency’ ari n’aho ayo mu bwoko bwa Bitcoin abarizwa.

Bimwe mu bitandukanya Central Bank Digital Currency na Cryptocurrency harimo ko kimwe kiba kigenzurwa na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu mu gihe ikindi gishobora kugenzurwa n’ubonetse wese.

Ibi bituma ikoreshwa rya Central Bank Digital Currency ritagira ingaruka zikomeye ku bukungu nk’uko bigenda kuri Bitcoins kandi rikaba ryizewe nk’uko andi mafaranga bimeze.

Iri ni ifaranga rikorwa n’ibihugu ariko imisusire yaryo itandukanye n’ayo dusanzwe tubona y’inoti cyangwa ibiceri bikozwe muri zahabu cyangwa umuringa (silver).

Ni ifaranga ryemewe n’amategeko rikoreshwa mu kugura ibintu na serivisi ariko hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, kurihererekanya no kugaruza nabyo bigakorwa mu ikoranabuhanga.

Guverineri wa BNR, Soraya Hakuziyaremye aherutse kuvuga ko iri faranga ry’ikoranabuhanga rizakemura byinshi