Nk’ubu imibare igaragaza ko mu 2017 ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bwinjirije igihugu, miliyoni $303 ndetse muri uyu mwaka, rumaze kwinjiza agera kuri miliyoni $903. Ni ibintu bitanga icyizere cyo kugera ku ntego yo kwinjiza miliyari $1,5 mu 2024.

Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Mine, Peteroli na Gaz, RMB, gitangaza ko ubushakashatsi cyakoze bwagaragaje ko munsi y’ubutaka bw’u Rwanda harimo amabuye y’agaciro afite agaciro ka miliyari $155. Ni mu gihe ubushakashatsi bugikomeje kugira ngo harebwe neza amabuye yose ari mu Rwanda.

Abasenateri bagize Komisiyo y’Ubukungu n’Imari, bakoze ingendo hirya no hino mu gihugu basura ahakorerwa ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro hari ibirombe baganira na ba nyirabyo, ababikoramo ndetse n’abaturage babituriye. Banasuye aho atunganyirizwa, laboratwari ziyapima ndetse n’amashuri ayigisha.

Izi ngendo zabaye hagati ya Nzeri na Ukwakira 2023, zasojwe n’ibiganiro komisiyo yagiranye n’inzego zitandukanye zirimo RMB, Ishyirahamwe ry’Abacukuzi b’Amabuye y’Agaciro ndetse na Sendika y’Abakozi bakora mu Bucukuzi bw’Amabuye y’Agaciro.

Bari bagamije kumenya imiterere y’urwego rw’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ubumenyi n’ubushobozi bw’abarukoramo, ibikorwa mu kongerera amabuye agaciro, kumenya uko umutekano w’abakora ubucukuzi ubungabungwa, uko abakora ubucukuzi bakorana n’ibigo by’imari no kumenya ibikorwa mu kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Perezida wa Komisiyo y’Ubukungu n’Imari muri Sena, Nkusi Juvénal yavuze ko kugeza ubu mu Rwanda hari uduce 52 turimo amabuye y’agaciro.

Ati "Ndabona nta karere kibagiranye, hose birahari ni ukuvuga ngo u Rwanda rufite amabuye y’agaciro uretse wenda ko hari aho bitaramenyekana. Muri turiya duce 37 turimo impushya zo gucukura, 10 nta mpushya ziratangwa, naho utundi duce dutanu turi mu byanya byakomwe muri za Pariki z’Igihugu."

Avuga ko kugeza ubu abacukura usanga bagera muri metero 120 mu bujyakuzimu ariko hano mu Rwanda nta barenza metero 30. Ni ukuvuga ko amabuye y’agaciro ari mu butaka bw’u Rwanda ari menshi, igisigaye ari ubushobozi cyangwa ikoranabuhanga ryo kuyacukura.

Senateri Nkusi ati "Kuko hari hamwe muri Ngororero hakozwe ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kuri kilometero esheshatu mu buhagarike na kilometero imwe mu butambike, byagaragaye ko harimo umutungo uhagije ariko na bo bageze munsi ya metero 70 gusa, ntabwo bageze ahandi hasi. Ni ukuvuga ngo ubushakashatsi bwimbitse nibwo bushobora kuzagaragaza ubushobozi bw’amabuye igihugu gifite."

Ibyo Abasenateri babonye

Abasenateri babonye ko hari ibice byinshi bikekwa ko birimo amabuye y’agaciro bitaratangwamo impushya, ibintu bikurura ubucukuzi butemewe.

Senateri Nkusi ati "Niho bajya bumva abantu bajya mu murima w’umuntu bagacukura, wahagera [...], abagiye kubasobanurira barakubitwa, yaba ari abayobozi b’ibanze ndetse nabo barakubitwa [bakubitwa n’abo baturage baba bari gukora ubucukuzi butemewe] abantu barabibonye."

Ikindi kibazo cyagaragaye ni uko ingengo y’imari igenerwa ubushakashatsi muri uru rwego ikiri hasi cyane ariyo mpamvu komisiyo yatanze inama y’uko ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bukwiriye gushakirwa ingengo y’imari ihagije ndetse hagashakwa inzobere mu gukora ubwo bushakashatsi.

Hari kandi abacukuzi bakoresha uburyo gakondo aho usanga bagikoresha igitiyo, ipiki, ingorofani no kuvoma amazi kugira ngo bayungurure.

Ibi byiyongeraho kuba u Rwanda rutuwe ku buryo usanga ahatangwa impushya z’ubucukuzi hose usanga haba hatuye abaturage.

Senateri Nkusi ati "Ni ukuvuga ngo zisabwa kwimura abantu aho zifitiye impushya, inyinshi zikaba zitabishoboye kandi zikaba zikorera ahantu hatuwe, niyo mpamvu hakwiriye gushyirwaho ibisabwa kugira ngo tugire ibirombe bicukurwamo by’icyitegererezo no gufasha ibisanzwe kugera kuri urwo rwego."

Yakomeje agira ati "Amabuye asohoka mu gihugu rero agomba kugira ibipimo mpuzamahanga ngenderwaho, basohora Gasegereti, Wolfram ariko se ibiyagize biba bingana gute? Hakwiye kugira laboratwari ikubwira iti aha muri aya mabuye harimo Wolfram ya 80% cyangwa harimo Tantale ingana gutya. Ibyo rero bigomba gukorerwa muri laboratwari ibishinzwe, ibifitiye ubushobozi ariko birahenda.”

"Bikaba bivuga ko iriya laboratwari irimo kubakwa i Kanombe ikwiye kurangira vuba kugira ngo bibe byafasha abacukura amabuye y’agaciro. Hari ugucukura, hari no kongera agaciro uwo musaruro, mu Rwanda dufite inganda ebyiri gusa."

Kugeza ubu hari uruganda rwa LuNa Smelter rutunganya Gasegereti, hakaba uruganda rwa Gasabo Gold rutunganya Zahabu ndetse kuri ubu i Bugesera hari kubakwa uruganda ruzajya rutunganya Coltan mu gihe i Muhanga hari kubakwa uruganda ruzajya rutunganya Lithium.

Mu bindi bibazo Abasenateri babonye harimo icy’imisoro kuko kohereza mu mahanga Gasegereti, yatunganyijwe usanga igiciro ari kimwe no kohereza itari yatunganywa mu ruganda.

Ikindi kibazo cyagaragaye ni icy’ubumenyi buke bw’abakora ubucukuzi ndetse bamwe barashaje.

Ku rundi ruhande ariko hari Ishuri rya Rutongo Mine ryigisha ibijyanye n’ubucukuzi mu gihe no muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda hari Ishami ry’Ubucukuzi n’Ubumenyi ku Butaka [School of Mining and Geology].

Komisiyo yagaragaje ko hari ikibazo cy’uko ibigo by’imari bitizera uru rwego ku burya biseta ibirenge mu bijyanye no gukorana na rwo. Niyo mpamvu usanga mu Rwanda, ibigo by’ucukuzi bigira abantu benshi bo hanze y’igihugu babiha amafaranga yo gukoresha.

Ikindi kibazo cy’ingutu Abasenateri babonye ni icy’umutekano n’ubwishingizi bw’abakozi, aho umushahara utangwa ari muto cyane kandi abenshi ugasanga ari ba nyakabyizi bahemberwa umusaruro babonye.

Uretse kuba ayo mafaranga bahembwa ari make, usanga ari abakozi badahoraho ahubwo bajyayo igihe bakenewe. Ni ibintu bigira ingaruka ku mpande zombi kuko hari ubwo n’ibirombe bibura amakozi kuko bamwe bagera aho bakanga kujya gukora.

Muri uru rwego, abantu 21% gusa nibo bafite amasezerano y’akazi. Umubare w’abakozi batangirwa ubwishingizi bw’impanuka na wo usanga ari muto cyane.

Ibirombe byacukuwe kera na byo ntibikunda gusubiranywa, bityo bikaba byangiza ibidukikije. Ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro butemewe nabwo buri mu biza ku isonga mu kwangiza ibidukikije.

Ibyo Sena yasabye Guverinoma

Inteko Rusange ya Sena yasabye Guverinoma kongerera ubushobozi RMB mu bijyanye no gukora ubushakashatsi ku mabuye y’agaciro mu gihugu, kugura ibikoresho bigezweho kandi bihagije no kubona abakozi b’inzobere kugira ngo rushobore kuzuza inshingano zarwo.

Guverinoma kandi yasabwe kongera mu mashuri yigisha ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, inyigisho zifasha gutanga ubumenyingiro bukenewe mu guteza imbere uru rwego no gukomeza kongerera ubushobozi abasanzwe mu mwuga w’ubucukuzi.