Ubuhamya ni bwinshi bw’abavuga ko batakigira n’urwara rwo kwishima, abatandukanye n’abo bashakanye, abana bavuye mu ishuri n’ibindi bibazo bahamya ko byaturutse ku gukina ikiryabarezi. Aba bahuriza ku gusaba Leta guhagarika burundu iyi mikino cyangwa gushyiraho ingamba zituma idakomeza kubabera umutwaro.

Benshi babyiniye ku rukoma. Mu buryo butunguranye, mu kwezi gushize Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi n’inganda (Minicom), yahagaritse by’agateganyo impushya zose zatanzwe ku mikino y’amahirwe yifashisha imashini zijyamo ibiceri.

Ni nyuma yo gucicikana kw’amatangazo y’iyi minisiteri yabimburiwe n’iryo muri Nzeri ryasabaga abantu bose basanzwe bakora ubucuruzi bw’imikino y’amahirwe bakina bakoresheje ibiceri kumenyekanisha ibikorwa byabo kuri Minicom bitarenze tariki 20 Ukwakira 2022.

Amakuru Minicom yahaye IGIHE ni uko abamenyekanishije imashini zabo ari 145, imashini bamenyekanishije akaba ari 1896.

Ubwo iyi tariki yo kumenyekanisha yaburaga iminsi icyenda ngo igere, Minicom yasohoye irindi tangazo rimenyesha ko gutanga uruhushya ku bikorwa by’imikino y’amahirwe bihagaritswe by’agateganyo kugeza hatanzwe andi mabwiriza mashya.

Minicom yavuze ko “Byatewe n’akajagari kari kamaze kugaragara mu bikorwa by’imikino y’amahirwe, aho hari benshi bakoraga nta mpushya n’abazifite bakazikoresha binyuranyije n’amategeko”.

Mu gihe bigitekerezwaho neza, iyi Minisiteri yahise isohora itangazo rihagarika by’agateganyo impushya zatanzwe ku mikino y’amahirwe yifashisha imashini zijyamo ibiceri.

Burya koko ibijya gushya birashyuha. Minicom yari imaze iminsi ihiga bukware imashini z’ibiryabarezi, aho yasohoye itangazo imaze gufata izigera ku 174 zidafite impushya zo gukora n’ibindi byuma 1000 byagombaga guteranywa bikavamo izo mashini.

Nta kabura imvano

Nyuma y’imyaka myinshi abakina ibiryabarezi batakamba ngo hagire amavugurura akorwa muri iyi mikino y’amahirwe, Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi n’inganda yarabumvise.

Mu bisobanuro by’iyi Minisiteri, ivuga ko ‘byagaragaye ko uretse gukina imikino y’amahirwe no kugurisha imashini zifashishwa, hari abazikora kandi bakazikorera ahantu hihishe nko mu ngo nyamara bitemewe’.

Ibi byateje akajagari muri uru rwego ku buryo uwagiraga ibihumbi 300Frw yinyabyaga mu gakiriro akajyana ikiryabarezi agatereka muri butiki cyangwa akabari agatangira ubucuruzi gutyo.

Uretse aba, hari na bamwe mu bahawe impushya zo gukoresha imashini runaka bazigenderagaho bagakwirakwiza izindi hirya no hino mu gihugu kandi batazisorera. Izi akenshi ni zo wumvaga ngo abaturage bazashije n’ibindi.

Minicom yatangaje ko hamaze gufatwa ibiryabarezi 3090 mu gihugu hose hakiyongeraho ibikoresho byinshi byafashwe byari ibyo guteranyamo izindi mashini.

Ibi kandi binashimangirwa n’Umuyobozi Nshingwabikorwa w’ishyirahamwe ry’abakora ibijyanye n’imikino y’amahirwe mu Rwanda (RGAA), Mushimire Jean Claude, uvuga ko abashinzwe kugenzura iyi mikino batarashyira imbaraga nyinshi mu guhana abarenze ku mategeko.

Mushimire atanga urugero rw’imashini nyinshi zikinirwaho imikino y’amahirwe zitemewe n’amategeko. Ba nyirazo ni abantu badafite uburenganzira, badafite icyo batinya, ikibakumira kandi batanahanwa.

Ati “Abo ni bo usanga batukisha urwego rw’imikino y’amahirwe, bemera intego zitemewe n’amategeko, ni bo usanga ngo umuntu yazanye umugore we kumutega, igare, moto, bakabifata kuko bazi ko nta we uri bubahane”.

Leta irasabwa gushyiraho ikigo cy’ubugenzuzi kigaca imashini z’imikino y’amahirwe zitemewe. Izi mashini usanga muri za butiki, zidasora, zidafite ibyangombwa ni zo abaturage birirwa binubira.

Ku bufatanye n’inzego z’ibanze n’iz’umutekano guhiga ibiryabarezi birakomeje, aho n’uwakibona wese yatanga amakuru.

Umuti ukwiye kuvugutwa

Ubusanzwe abahanga bavuga ko imikino y’amahirwe kuyikina bisaba kumva ko ugiye guhomba ikintu cyawe wahaga agaciro nk’amafaranga, ariko mu cyizere cy’uko ushobora kuzabona ikiruta ka gaciro wari ufite washyizemo.

Bavuga ko imikino y’amahirwe ishobora kugira ingaruka zirimo gukora ibyaha, ihohoterwa mu miryango, ubukene, kubura akazi, gutandukana kw’imiryango, kuba imbata yayo bigatuma nta kindi ukora, agahinda gakabije, kwibabaza ndetse n’ibibazo bishobora kugera ku kwiyahura.

Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi n’inganda yabwiye IGIHE ko mu gukemura ibibazo biri mu mikino y’amahirwe hari “Kunoza no kwemeza politiki nshya igenga ibikorwa by’imikino y’amahirwe no kuvugurura itegeko n’amabwiriza bigenga imikino y’amahirwe mu Rwanda, iyi politiki irimo gukorwa ni tegeko ririmo kuvugururwa’.

Minicom ikomeza ivuga ko ‘hazashyirwaho kandi uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga buzajya bwifashisha mu kugenzura ibikorwa by’imikino y’amahirwe harimo n’ikorerwa ku mashini zishyirwamo amafaranga’.

Umuyobozi Nshingwabikorwa w’ishyirahamwe ry’abakora ibijyanye n’imikino y’amahirwe mu Rwanda (RGAA), Mushimire Jean Claude, yabwiye IGIHE ko guverinoma igomba gushyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura imikino y’amahirwe kuko ari urwego rutanga umusanzu ufatika mu bukungu bw’igihugu.

Ati “Uyu munsi Minicom ishinzwe gushyiraho politiki y’imikino y’amahirwe no kuyigenzura, ibi ntabwo bishobora gutanga umusaruro kuri izi nshingano zose”.

Akomeza avuga ko iyo witegereje mu karere cyangwa ahandi urwego rw’imikino y’amahirwe rukora neza, usanga gushyiraho politiki n’ubugenzuzi bw’iyi mikino bikorwa n’inzego zitandukanye.

Mushimire avuga kandi ko hakwiye ubukangurambaga abaturage bakwiye gusobanukirwa iyi mikino y’amahirwe, akamaro ifitiye igihugu n’abayikina ariko n’ibibi byayo bakwiye kwirinda.

Imikino y’amahirwe iri mu Rwanda nk’uko biteganywa n’itegeko ryo mu 2011 iri mu bwoko butanu ari bwo; tombola (Lottery), Casino, imikino ikorerwa ku mashini, imikino yo gutega n’imikino yo kuri Internet.

Kuva 2012 kugeza uyu munsi leta imaze guha ibigo 25 uburenganzira bwo gukora. Harimo Tombola imwe ya Minisiteri ya Siporo, Casino zari eshatu ariko hakora ebyiri, mu mikino yo gutega hari ibigo icyenda, imikino ikorerwa ku mashini hari ibigo icyenda naho imikino yo kuri internet hari ikigo kimwe.

Imikino y’amahirwe yunguka mu buryo bwinshi; yishyura imisoro ku nyungu aho yishyura 13% ariko ikanishyura 15% ku batsindiye amafaranga guhera ku bihumbi 30Frw, nayo akajya muri leta nk’umusoro.

Mbere y’uko icyorezo cya Covid-19 kiza, imikino y’amahirwe yose hamwe yari imaze kugera aho yishyura umusoro wa miliyari 4Frw ku mwaka. Imikino y’amahirwe itanga akazi kuko ibigo byose bifite abakozi barenga 5000. Zikodesha inzu zirenga 520, imodoka n’ibindi.

Imikino y’amahirwe kandi igira uruhare mu kunganira ubwisungane mu kwivuza ’Mituelle de Sante’.

Iteka riteganya ko 10% by’amafaranga acibwa kuri serivisi zihabwa amasosiyete y’ubucuruzi akora ibikorwa by’imikino y’amahirwe yishyurwa Minisiteri ifite ubucuruzi mu nshingano akajya yunganira mituweli.