Abagannye isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ryabakijije imyenda ya hato na hato

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Abagannye isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ryabakijije imyenda ya hato na hato

Yanditswe na

Birori Eric

Kuya 16 July 2015 saa 01:12

Yasuwe :

Yavuzweho:

Umuhuzabikorwa w’isoko ry’imari n’imigabane mu Rwanda, Pierre Celestin Rwabukumba yatangaje ko Abanyarwanda bahombye kuba baramenye iryo soko batinze none benshi bakaba baremerewe n’imyenda y’amabanki, ariko kandi ngo nta rirarenga kuko abatangiye kurigana batagihetse uwo muzigorimo bararuhuka iyo mitwaro.

Pierre Celestin Rwabukumba arasobanura birambuye iby’uru Rwego rw’isoko ry’imari n’imigabane n’inyungu ihari ku muntu wese urigana.

Ni mu kiganiro kirambuye yagiranye na IGIHE

IGIHE: Isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ni iki?

Rwabukumba: Isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ricuruza imigabane (Stock Market#Shares) ndetse n’impapuro mpeshamwenda (Stock Bond).

Iyo migabane n’icyo kigo kiyishyira hanze abantu bakayigura bityo bakagira amahirwe yo kuba ba nyiri icyo kigo ku rugero rw’imigabane waguze.

Naho impapuro mpeshwamwenda zishyirwaho na Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda hakaboneka amafaranga yo gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga n‘igenamigambi bya Leta y’u Rwanda maze uwaziguze ahahabwa inyungu buri mezi atandatu.

Ikigo cy’imari n’imigabane icyo gifasha hagati y’umuturage n’uwashoye imigabane, gushyiraho amategeko abigenga ndetse no kubihesha ikizere.

IGIHE: Umwenda muri iri soko utandukaniye he n’indin’imyenda isanzwe?

Rwabukumba: Mu by’ukuri umwenda uba ari umwenda aho waba uturutse hose, ahubwo aho bitandukanira ni hamwe, ni igihe bigufata mu kwishyura uwo mwenda, icyo uwo mwenda ugusaba kugirango wishyure […] isoko ry’imari n’imigabane icyiza ni isoko nyine kandi ni nyabagendwa ufataho umwenda ukoresheje impapuro mvunjwafaranga udasabwa kwishyura buri kwezi.

Ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane bashobora guha umwenda igihugu bizeye gusa ko izabona amafaranga yo kwishyura. Ariko indi myenda yo iza yihishemo inyungu za Politiki.

IGIHE: Sosiyeti ishyira imigabane ku isoko yunguka iki muri iri soko?

Rwabukumba: Isoko ry’imari ririmo ibice bibiri Rwiyemezamirimo ndetse n’ufite amafaranga. Iyo sosiyete ishyize imigabane kuri iri soko uba uje gushaka amafaranga mu bantu batazaza gukomanga ku muryango ngo bakwishyuze.

Uba ubonye amaboko utari ufite ukuye abantu bafite amafaranga yabo, bitandukanye na Banki iguhenda kuko amafaranga ataba ari ayayo ikanakwishyuza kuko ba nyirayo baba bazayashaka.

IGIHE: Abavuga ko iri soko ari iry’abifite ubavugaho iki?

Rwabukumba: Isoko ry’imari n’imigabane si iry’abakire, ahubwo ni iry’abaciriritse kuko abakire ntibakenera imyenda, ari na yo mpamvu ba Bill Gates batarivaho. Nk’urugero, abakene n’abandi bahembwa ku kwezi ntibashobora kugira Miliyoni 10 kereka ugurishije isambu […] iyo ufashe utwo duhumbi ijana ukatubika muri BRALIRWA hari inyungu bagenda baguha inyungu mu gihe runaka,ariko isoko riba riguhaye amahirwe yo gutunga agace ka Banki, sosiyeti, uruganda ku giciro gito, ku mafaranga makeya kandi ukabasha no kwiteganyiriza.

IGIHE: Ni gute amafaranga waguze imigabane ashobora kunguka cyangwa agahomba?

Rwabukumba: Inyungu yo gushora amafaranga muri Sosiyete ziri mu bwoko butandukanye, nko kubitsa, indi ni “Dividende” ari yo nyungu baguha iyo umwaka urangiye utaragurishije, inyungu ku gishoro uba warashyizemo, n’ibindi.

Urugero niba waraguze BRALIRWA ku mafaranga 500 ukagura imigabane igihumbi ku mafaranga ibihumbi 500,wajya kugurisha umugabane ugeze kuri 800 Uvanamo Miliyoni enye ukaba wungutse miliyoni eshatu n’igice.

Igihombo cyo gituruka iyo waguze uhendwa yamanuka ukagurisha ariko byabindi bavuga ngo BLARIRWA yaguye amafaranga 20 utagurishije ntuhomba ahubwo ni igiciro kiba cyamanutse ku isoko gusa.

IGIHE: Ni iyihe shusho iri soko rifite mu Rwanda?

Rwabukumba: Igihe ukigendera ku nkunga z’amahanga uba utaribohora[…]kuva twatangira ntabwo turakora ibitangazaaa… ariko icyizere kirahari abantu bamaze kubyumva, Leta ubwayo yarabikoresheje, kugeza hari Miliyari 76 za Leta ziparitse hariya z’impapuro mpeshwamwenda.

Banki ya Kigali ubu niyo iri “Capitalise” kurusha izindi mu Rwanda ,ubu bamaze gushinga amashami 30 nyuma yo kujya kuri iri soko.

IGIHE: Imigabane iri ku isoko ya Crystal Telecom ni ikihe gishya izanye?

Rwabukumba: Ikiyongereye ni “Produit” ije ku isoko itari iya Leta cyangwa ngo bibe bifitanye isano. Ni sosiyeti yigenga yiyemeje kugurisha umutungo wayungukiye igihe kirekire ubundi ijye mu bindi.

Muri make, ni ikintu gikomeye kuba abaturage babonye amahirwe yo gutunga Sosiyeti y’itumanaho, biragenda byongera icyizere ko isoko ritangiye gufata imizi[…]
Niba Company nka Crystal Telecom ikomeye mu Rwanda ibikoze bikwiye guha isomo ba Nyirangarama n’abandi bafite ubushabitsi buciritse.

IGIHE: Ni irihe somo Umunyarwanda utaragana iri soko yakwigira ku barigezeho?

Rwabukumba: Abanyarwanda twarakererewe ariko ntabwo twakwirenganya kuko iyo utazi ibintu ntiwirenganya ,… ,abantu bafite imyenda yabarenze ari aborohejen’abakomeye, bararira ngo Banki zisigaye zarahanitse, ariko nuko usanga “Busness” zihari ariko nyamara nta gishoro gihagije.

Isomo natanga ntuzakore wenyine shaka abandi mukorana isoko riri hano ngo ribe umusifuzi nta muntu rirenganya.

Kugeza ubu ibigo birindwi ni byo biri ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane mu Rwanda ari byo Banki ya Kigali (BK), Kenya Commercial Bank (KCB),Equity Bank (EQTY), Bralirwa (BRL), Uchumi Supermarket (USL) na National Media Group (NMG). Hakiyongeraho na Crystal Telecom yahyize ku isoko imigabane Miliyoni 270 ku yo yari ifite muri MTN Rwanda.

Isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ryacuruje Miliyari 20,8 mu mwaka wa 2011, Miliyari 18,178 muri 2012, Miliyari 53,9 muri 2014 ndetse na Miliyari 30 zimaze gucuruzwa hagati muri uyu mwaka wa 2015.