Nyuma yuko Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Uburezi (REB) cyeguriye Banki Itsura Amajyambere y’u Rwanda (BRD), ububasha bwo gutanga inguzanyo ku biga muri Kaminuza, BRD yatangaje ko inguzanyo izatangwa izajya yishyurwa hashyizweho inyungu nko mu zindi nguzanyo z’imishinga isanzwe y’iterambere.

Mu kiganiro Kanyankole Alex uyobora BRD yagiranye na The New Times, yavuze ko abanyeshuri n’Abanyarwanda bagomba kumenya neza ko ayo mafaranga atari inkunga.

Kanyankole ati “Abaturage bagomba kumva ko aya mafaranga atari inkunga, ahubwo ko ari inguzanyo igomba kwishyurwa. Guhera ubu no mu mezi atatu ari imbere, tuzicarana na Minisiteri y’Uburezi tunoze uburyo aya mafaranga azajya atangwa mbere y’uko dutangira gutanga izi nguzanyo muri Nzeri ya 2015.”

Alexis Kanyankore, umuyobozi wa BRD

Dore ikiganiro kirambuye kuri uyu mushinga wa BRD wo gutanga inguzanyo mu mashuri makuru na Kaminuza, n’ibindi bijyanye n’impinduka muri iyi banki yamaze kugurwamo imigabane myinshi n’isosiyete ya Atlas Mara Group.

Mu minsi ishize BRD yahuye n’impinduka mu bijyanye n’imiterere yayo.Imikorere ya Banki imeze gute muri iki gihe?

Amavugurura mashya yatumye iyi banki igira ibice bibiri kuko yungutse igice gitanga serivisi nk’izo muri Banki z’Ubucuruzi n’igice gishinzwe iterambere. Iki gice cyibanda ku nguzanyo z’igihe kigufi naho igice gishinzwe iterambere muri iyi banki cyo kizajya gitera inkunga imishinga ifite uruhare runini mu iterambere ishobora gukorwa mu gihe kirekire, imishinga mbese yagira uruhare mu kugabanya ubukene, ifite aho ihuriye na gahunda y’imbaturabukungu ya kabiri (EDPRS II), imishinga itanga imirimo, ibyo nibyo igice cy’iterambere muri iyi banki kizajya gikora.

Atlas Mara izacunga 100 % igice cy’ubucuruzi muri iyi banki naho guverinoma y’u Rwanda izakomeza gucunga iyi mishinga minini ijyanye n’iterambere BRD yahoze ikora.

None se BRD yaba ari banki y’ubucuruzi igengwa na Leta?

Oya, Igice cy’Ubucuruzi muri iyi banki gifitwe n’urwego rw’abikorera ntabwo ari Leta.

None se ubwo leta izungukira iki muri aya mavugurura?

Ni byiza cyane kubona isosiyete nka Atlas Mara Group ishora amafaranga muri banki mu Rwanda, abayishyizeho bafite ubunararibonye n’ubuhanga muri serivisi z’imari.Ibyo bagiye gukora ni ukwegera igice cy’abantu batabashaga kubona kuri serivisi dutanga kandi bazabasha no gukorana na Afurika y’Uburasirazuba yose.

Tubitezeho rwose ubunararibonye buzongerera agaciro urwego rw’ amabanki mu Rwanda. Umwe mu bashinze Atlas Mara Group, Ashish, acuruza ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga muri Afurika yose, urumva ko bigiye guteza imbere imishinga yo mu ikoranabuhanga. Gufatanya nabo bizateza imbere urwego rw’imari binateze imbere serivisi z’imari.

Ni izihe nyungu se mwiteze muri iri vugurura rishya?

Igice gishinzwe iterambere muri iyi banki, kizakomeza gukora ku mishinga minini y’iterambere, Atlas Mara rero igiye kongerera imbaraga izo nshingano. Aba bafatanyabikorwa bazagira uruhare mu kongera igishoro cy’iyi banki, bitume turushaho gutera inkunga imishinga ikomeye y’iterambere myinshi. Igihugu kizagera ku ntego za EPRS II n’icyerekezo 2020.

Hari ibivugwa ko no mu bakozi bo muri iyi banki habayemo impinduka. Ibyo byo bihagaze bite?

Nibyo koko, izi mpinduka iyi banki yagize, zatumye hari abakozi batakaza imirimo, abandi bahindurirwa inshingano muri iyi banki. Iki gikorwa kandi kirakomeje, turacyareba ahandi hari icyuho, ngo naho twongeremo imbaraga. Dufite abakozi bashoboye muri iyi banki, turi kugerageza kwiyubaka ngo tugere ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Tuvuye kuri iyi mikorere ya banki kuri ubu, mweguriwe gahunda yo guha inguzanyo abanyeshuri ba Kaminuza, bikava mu maboko y’Ikigo cy’Igihu cy’Uburezi (REB), ubwo uwo mushinga muraza kuwukora mute nyuma y’impinduka mwakoze muri BRD?

Aba bafatanyabikorwa bashya bamaze kumenyeshwa iby’uyu mushinga kandi barawuzi neza. Ubu turi kwigira hamwe uburyo bwo kuzuzanya mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryawo.

None se ibi bizakorwa n’ishami rishinzwe iterambere cyangwa bizakorerwa mu ishami rishinzwe ubucuruzi muri BRD?

Hari inshingano tuzasangira, bizagenzurwa n’igice gishinzwe iterambere ariko hari ibikorwa bimwe dushobora gushyira mu maboko y’igice gishinzwe ubucuruzi muri iyi banki.

Ni iki se mwavuga ku bijyane n’imikorere mishya mu itangwa ry’iyi nguzanyo ku banyeshuri?

Dufite ubushobozi buhagije bwo gukora iki gikorwa nk’uko byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku migendekere y’iki gikorwa.

Nta kibazo na kimwe kugeza ubu dukeka ko cyazatubangamira. Ubu turi kwiga uburyo bwo gukemura imbogamizi zakunze kugaragara mu buryo inguzanyo yari isanzwe itangwa mo. Icyo abanyeshuri n’abanyarwanda muri rusange bakwiye kubanza kumenya, ni uko aya mafaranga azatangwa mu buryo bw’inguzanyo, nko mu bindi bigo by’imari, aya mafaranga azajya yishyurwa aherekejwe n’inyungu.

Ibigena abemererwa inguzanyo yacu nabyo, biri gukorwaho ngo bishyirwe ku murongo. Bivuze ko bamwe bashobora gusaba kugurizwa bakemererwa abandi ntibemererwe. Birumvikana ko gishobora kuba ikibazo ku bantu batazemererwa, gusa umuti wabyo ni ugushaka amafaranga menshi no kumvisha abantu bashobora no gushaka ubundi bufasha ntibagendere ku nguzanyo yacu.

Abantu bamenye ko atari inkunga mu burezi, ahubwo ni inguzanyo izishyurwa. Biradusaba kwiga uburyo bushya mu kubitsa n’uburyo bwo kugaruza inguzanyo zizajya zitangwa. Mu mezi atatu aza, turicarana na Minisiteri y’Uburezi, tunoze uko bizakorwa muri Nzeri ya 2015.

Bimwe mu byakunze kugora itangwa ry’inguzanyo harimo kuba hari abatishyura inguzanyo bahawe, ibyo ntibibahangayikishije?

Iyo ahubwo niyo mpamvu yatumye leta idushyira mu maboko izi nshyingano zo gutanga inguzanyo.

Icyambere umuntu yamenya ni uko ibigo by’imari bigira uburyo bufatika mu kwishyuza amadeni, twamaze kumvikana ku buryo bwo gucunga izi nguzanyo no kuzigaruza. Twamaze no kuganira ku buryo bwo kumenya aho uwo twagurije aherereye, haba mu ishuri, mu kazi cyangwa yaba yaragiye no hanze y’igihugu tuzahamenya.

Ni iki se banki yakoze mu guhuza ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse n’ibigo by’imari?

Icyo BRD yarangije kugicyemura, twagize uruhare runini mu ishingwa ry’Ikigega BDF gifasha imishinga mito n’iciriritse gukomera. Twari tumaze kubona ko hari abantu bakenera amafaranga make badafite ingwate. Niyo mpamvu twashyizeho icyo kigega no gifashe by’umwihariko, ba rwiyemezamirimo b’abagore n’urubyiruko badafite ingwate zihagije.

Muri iki gihe, BDF iri kugera no mu ntara ngo yegereje serivisi zayo abagenerwabikorwa. N’imikorere yarahindutse, mbere umukiriya yabanza kunyura kuri banki akayereka umushinga, akabona ubugana kuri BDF kwaka ingwate, ariko ubu BDF yemeza ubwiza bw’umushinga, ikanawushyikiriza banki umukiriya akorana nayo.

Iki gihe noneho banki zifite icyizere ko umushinga uyigeraho unononsoye ku buryo utapfa guhura n’igihombo. Twizera ko ibi bizatuma abaturage benshi bagera ku mari n’ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse bikarushaho kubaka ubushobozi bwabyo.

Nk’inzobere, ubona ari iki cyakemura ibibazo by’ubushobozi bw’imari byumwihariko mu bigo bito n’ibiciriritse?

Kugira ngo abafatanyabikorwa bacu babashe kwihaza mu bijyanye n’imari, bagomba kubanza kuziba icyuho mu icungwa ry’ibikorwa byabo. Muri iki gihe, hari ibitekerezo by’imishinga, usanga bitagaragaza neza uburyo byashyirwa mu bikorwa bikabyara inyungu, icyo ni nacyo gituma benshi babura mafaranga. Dukeneye kuziba icyuho cy’ubumenyi buke, no gukora imishinga ishobora guterwa inkunga mu buryo bworoshye.

Ni iki BRD iteganya gukora mu minsi iri imbere?

Mu gihe cya vuba kiri imbere, dushaka gushyira imbaraga mu gutanga amafaranga mu bikorera ku giti cyabo. Dushaka gushora amafaranga mesnhi mu rwego rw’ingufu, ubuhinzi, mu myubakire y’inzu ziciriritse, mu bijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze no mu burezi.

Mu burezi, BRD irashaka gutanga inguzanyo ku bifuza kwiga muri Kaminuza. Leta yahoze itanga inguzanyo zose ku banyeshuri biga muri Kaminuza n’amashuri makuru byayo, ubu irishyuza amafaranga agera kuri miliyari 70 yatanzwe kuva mu 1990.