Kugerageza amahirwe yo kujya gutura muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika binyuze mu buryo bwa DV Lottery, byagizwe ubucuruzi kuri bamwe mu Mijyi yo mu Rwanda cyane cyane i Kigali, n’ubwo ayo mahirwe atagurishwa n’abayatanga.

Uko imyaka igenda isimburana, ni ko hiyongera umubare w’abashaka gupiganirwa amahirwe yo kujya gutura muri Leta Zunze ubumwe za Amerika nk’abandi bimukira bose bahajya binyujijwe mu buryo bwa “Diversity Visa Lottery (DV Lottery) cyangwa Green Cards Lottery.

Ubu ni uburyo abimukira baturutse ku migabane itandukanye igize isi bahabwa uburenganzira bwo gutura muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, bagahabwa ubwenegihugu n’ibindi byose byabafasha kubayo nk’abenegihugu.

Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika ni igihugu kimeze nk’umugabane, gifite ubuso bungana na kilometer kare 9,826,675, kikaba kigizwe na Leta 54.

Mu mwaka w’2013, iki gihugu cyari gituwe n’abaturage miliyoni 316.1, ugasanga hari igice kinini cy’ubutaka budatuwe muri Leta zitandukanye, ari yo mpamvu buri mwaka bakira abimukira 50.000 baje kuhatura bahawe Green Cards.

Ese kuki abanyarwanda bagerageza ku bwinshi amahirwe yo kujya gutura muri Amerika?

Iki ni ikibazo bamwe bibaza, ariko abagerageza ayo mahirwe bo bakavuga ko cyoroshye kukisubiza.

Abaganiriye na IGIHE bose batashatse ko amazina ya bo agaragazwa, icyo bahurizaho mu bisubizo batanga, ni uguhunga ubushomeri n’izindi mpamvu zituma ubuzima bukomera mu Rwanda, bakajya kwiga no gukorera amadolari.

Umutegarugori washoye amafaranga ye ngo bamufashe kuzuza urupapuro rwo kugerageza amahirwe yo kujya gutura muri Amerika n’umuryango we, imyigire myiza y’abana be ni cyo cy’ingenzi cyaba kimujyanye.

Uyu mutegarugori yagize ati: “Si byinshi nzi kuri Green Card kuko nayibwiwe n’inshuti y’umuryango wanjye iba muri Amerika. Icyatumye ntekereza kugerageza amahirwe, ni ukugirango abana banjye bazige neza, kuko uburyo bw’imyigishirize yo muri Amerika butandukanye n’ubw’ino aha mu Rwanda.”

Undi musore wo mu kigero cy’imyaka 24 we yagize ati: “Reba nk’ubu maze imyaka 3 nirirwa ngenda nshaka akazi, aho mbonye ikiraka ugasanga mpembwe nk’30.000 ku kwezi, nyamara muri Amerika ho umuntu arakora agahemberwa umubare w’amasaha yakoze, kandi ugasanga ayo ahembwe ajyanye n’akazi yakoze. Ubu se ni gute ayo mahirwe nayitesha nyabonye?”

Uretse aba, hari n’abagerageza amahirwe yo kujya gutura muri Amerika ngo basangeyo abo mu miryango ya bo basanzwe baba yo, ndetse n’abandi bashaka gukomerezayo amashuri ya bo ya Kaminuza.

Ese ayo mahirwe ahoraho?

Amahirwe yo kujya gutura muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika mu buryo bwa Green Card atangwa rimwe mu mwaka, aho abayakeneye bahabwa ukwezi kumwe kwo kwiyandikisha.

Kwiyandikisha mu kugerageza amahirwe yo guhabwa Green Cards muri uyu mwaka w’2014 byatangiye kuwa 1 Ukwakira, bikazasozwa kuwa 3 Ugushyingo 2014, abatoranyijwe bakazatangazwa muri Gicurasi 2015, bakazahita bajya gukora ikizamini mu magambo (Interview) muri Kenya.

Kuki umaze gutoranywa abanza kujya gukorera ikizamini muri Kenya?
Mbere yo guhabwa Green Card, umaze gutoranywa abanza gutanga ibyangombwa bindi byose asabwa kuba yujuje hano mu Rwanda, birimo icyerekana ko atigeze akatirwa igifungo ndetse nta n’undi muziro afite, ubundi akajya gukora ikizamini mu magambo muri Kenya.

Bamwe bibaza impamvu icyo kizamini gikorerwa muri Kenya kandi Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika zifite Ambasade mu Rwanda, ariko ngo ntago zose zemerewe gutanga Green Card, ahubwo iya Kenya ni yo iri hafi mu zemerewe kuzitanga.

Hari abakekagako DV Lottery ari uburyo bushya bw’Ubucakara

Hari abumvaga ko abahabwa Green Cards bajyanwa gutuzwa muri Leta zidatuwe cyane, bakibaza ko ari nka bimwe byakorwaga kuva mu kinyejana cya 15 kugeza mu cya 18, aho Abanyafurika bacuruzwaga bakajyanwa ku migabane itandukanye kugira ngo bakoreshwe imirimo itandukanye mu mwanya w’amamashini cyane ko cyari igihe isi yari itaratera imbere mu byerekerabye n’ikoranabuhanga.

Gusa ngo si ubucakara nk’uko abagerageza ayo mahirwe yo kubona Green Cards babihamya, bikanashimangirwa na bamwe mu bamaze kuzibona ndetse banatuye muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, kuko ugezeyo ahita atuzwa, akajya ku isoko ry’umurimo kimwe n’abandi banyamerika basanzweyo.

Kugerageza amahirwe yo kubona Green Cards byabaye ubucuruzi kuri bamwe

Umwaka ku wundi, abagerageza amahirwe yo kujya muri Amerika bagenda biyongera, ndetse kandi abenshi ugasanga benshi batazi uburyo umuntu yuzuza urupapuro rubisaba, cyangwa se ugasanga ni abakoresha mudasobwa ari uko bagiye mu nzu yabigenewe (Cyber Café).

Henshi mu Mijyi, cyane cyane uwa Kigali, kuva muri Nzeri usanga hamanitse ibyapa bikangurira abantu binabashishikariza kuza ngo babuzurize impapuro zisaba Uburenganzira bwo kujya gutura muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika.

Igiciro cy’iyo serivisi kigenwa bitewe n’uyitanga, aho hamwe usabwa kwishyura amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi bine (4.000), ahandi ugasanga bakwishyuza ibihumbi bitatu (3.000), hakaba n’aho bishyuza igihumbi kimwe (1.000) ku wizaniye amafoto.

Ibi bituma abantu bayoboka aho baca menshi kurusha ahandi, bitewe n’uko ari ho baba bakeka ko kuhuzuriza bitanga amahirwe krusha aho bishyura make, nyamara si ko bimeze kuko bose nta n’umwe uzi ikigenderwaho ngo umuntu ahabwe Green Card, ndetse nta n’umwe uzwi n’urwego ruzitanga.

Ese koko hari abajya bahabwa uburenganzira bwo kujya gutura muri Amerika?

Biragoye kumenya umubare w’abagerageza amahirwe yo kubona Green Cards, ariko abazihawe bo batangazwa nyuma y’amezi arindwi uhereye igihe itariki ya nyuma yo kwakira amadosiye yagereye.

Mu bihumbi by’abantu bari bagerageje aya mahirwe mu cyiciro giheruka mu mwaka w’2013, 477 bonyine ni bo bayahawe nk’uko bitangazwa n’ishami ribishinzwe muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika.

Ambasade ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika i Kigali

Mu myanya 50.000 yatanzwe mu mwaka w’2013, Nepal ni yo ya mbere yabonyemo myinshi, aho hatanzwe Green Cards ku bantu 6.082, kigakurikirwa na Nigeria 6.043, Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo 6.025, Misiri 5.757.

Mu bihugu bituranye n’u Rwanda, uretse Congo yahawe 6.025, Uganda yahawe 620, Burundi 138, Kenya 4245, Tanzania 209.

Ababonye Green Cards mu mwaka w’2013 bamwe bamaze kugerayo ndetse abandi barimo baragenda, mu gihe abazazihabwa muri uyu mwaka w’2014 bo bazatangazwa muri Gicurasi 2015.