Hambere aha ku mwaduko w’ibyo gutanga inyemezabuguzi za EBM wasangaga abacuruzi benshi batabyumva, bumva ari ukubafata ku nda, ndetse wasangaga barahimbye amayeri atandukanye yatumaga batazitanga, birengagije ko mu busanzwe TVA yishyurwa n’umuguzi aho kuba umucuruzi.

Muri bimwe bakoraga bakwepa gutanga EBM harimo ko uwayisabaga bamubwiraga ko bari buzamure igiciro, ugasanga umucuruzi arakubwira ati “Niba udasaba EBM ari aba niba uyisaba ariyongera”, cyangwa ugasanga arakubwira ngo ndakiguhera aya, ariko kuri EBM turandika atandukanye, n’ibindi. Bityo ugasanga abaguzi na bo barahitamo iy’ubusamo, bagahitamo igiciro gito.

Aho RRA ikarije ingamba ndetse n’ibihano ku bacuruzi badafite n’abadatanga inyemezabuguzi za EBM, byatumye abacuruzi benshi bakangukira kuzigira no kuzitanga, birinda ibihano, ndetse na ya mayeri ya mbere yari yaramaze gutahurwa bituma abashaka kurimanganya uwo musoro wa TVA bahindura umuvuno, kumwe ngo abarinzi bajya inama n’inyoni zijya iyindi.

Amayeri mashya…

Ejo bundi ngire ntya na bamwe mu nshuti twize hamwe dutegure kongera guhura tukamenaho abiri, dore ko haba haciye myinshi twese turi muri rwinshi, haba hakenewe n’akanya ko kuruhuka no kongera gusabana. Ni bwo rero twasimbukiye mu kabari kamwe gafite na resitora, turagiye turariye turanyoye, turanaganira bishyira kera, twibukiranya iby’ahahise bishyira kera.

Kera kabaye butangiye kugoroba twaravuze tuti reka dutahe, cyane ko hari n’abari bagiye gusubira mu ntara. Ubwo uburyo twakoresheje ngo twikuremo ayo kwishyura ibyo twaganiriyeho simbugarukaho, ahubwo nyuma tumaze kwishyura, nabonye abandi bose bashaka guhita bitahira, njye nibuka ko maze iminsi mbona amatangazo yamamaza ko usabye EBM hari igihembo abonaho, ni ko kuvuga nti icy’aya nticyangendana.

Nahise mbwira umukobwa wari watwakiriye nti wibuke ka EBM, muha nimero agagshyiraho, mbona arikirije ubundi yikoza ahari uwakiraga amafaranga afite n’imashini asa n’utinzeyo gato, mbona aragarutse ati “ese ko ‘connection’ zanze ziri gutinda ubu murategereza?” nanjye nti nta kibazo ndategereza, numvaga rwose ishimwe ry’ayo naribariye. Abo twari kumwe bati “bireke twigendere mwana!”

Ubwo byahise binsubiza inyuma, nibuka aho nagiyeho bakajya bambwira kenshi ko akamashini ka EBM gafite ikibazo, ubundi bakambwira ko uyikora adahari, ahandi bambwiraga gusiga nimero ngo baraza kuyohereza ni uko ngategereza ngaheba; numva bimaze kuba byinshi, ubwo nahise mbwira abo twari twajyanye nti mwe mwakwigendera, njye ndategereza EBM.

Ubwo abo muri ako kabari babonye ko niyemeje nabaye ibamba, nagiye kubona mbona nka nyuma y’iminota nk’itatu wa mukobwa aragarutse azanye n’inyemezabuguzi ya EBM, ariko nkabona bayimpaye batishimye, nanjye nti “biramaze, ubundi kare kose si mbona ari ibyo bigiraga!”

Ahandi ho bambwiye ko ngo akamashini kapfuye bitari bukunde ko mbona EBM, nihererena ‘manager’ ku ruhande ndamubwira nti “tuganire nk’abagabo”, mubwira ko ngiye guhamagara kuri RRA ngatanga amakuru ko badatanga EBM. Ubwo yarabyumvise ashya ubwoba, arambwira ngo tuganire kigabo koko, aranyerurira.

Ati “Ngaho reba nawe, mu by’ukuri twishyura imisoro n’amahoro byinshi, kandi natwe tuba dushaka ko byibuze hari icyakwiyongera ku byo turamura. Ubu nyine sinakubeshya nawe nakubonye urahabona, rwose iyo tudatanze EBM inyungu isa n’iyiyongereyemo rwose, ni yo mpamvu tugerageza kureba ko twabuzabuza abayitwatse.”

Yansobanuriye ko rimwe na rimwe hari ubwo bazitanga byihuse nk’iyo babonye ari abantu bashobora kuba ari nk’abayobozi, ariko ko umuntu usanzwe uyibasabye baora uko bashoboye ntibamubwire ko bayimwimye, ariko bagahimba imbogamizi ku buryo bamwereka ko nta cyo bamwimye bagifite.

Ni aho rero nahise nkura igitekerezo cyo gukora iyi nkuru, kuko nakoze imibare nsanga, niba hari abacuruzi benshi bagifite iyo myumvire, hari iterambere ry’igihugu bari gukereza, ndavuga nti uwavuga ahari hari abakebuka hakagira ibirokoka.

Ahari hari abatumva neza ingaruka rusange zibaho iyo hari abaguzi batatse EBM cvyangwa abacuruzi batazitanze, ariko imibare y’igireranya yoroshye, ishobora kubyerekana.

Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi igaragaza ko amafaranga yakusanyijwe aturuka mu misoro hagati y’ukwezi kwa Nyakanga n’Ukuboza 2024 agera kuri miliyari 1.474,1 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda akaba yariyongereyeho miliyari 15,9 ugereranyije na miliyari 1.458,2 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda yari ateganyijwe kwinjizwa mu ngengo y’imari.

Ni mu gihe mu ngengo Y’imari y’umwaka wa 2025/26 ingana na miliyari 7.044,5 Frw; azaturuka mu misoro ari miliyari 3.628 Frw, ni ukuvuga arenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’ingengo y’imari yose, biteganyijwe ko azaturuka mu misoro. Byumvikanisha ko iyo hari imisoro yirengagijwe gutangwa, hari byinshi byadindiza mu byo igihugu giteganya gukora.

Imisoro ifite uruhare ruri hejuru ya 50% mu Ngengo y'Imari ya 2025/26

Amafaranga make ni menshi

Ibarura rusange rya gatanu ry’abaturage n’imiturire mu Rwanda, ryagaragaje ko Abanyarwanda bakabakabaga miliyoni 14 mu 2022; ni mu gihe ingo zari mu Rwanda icyo gihe ibarura rikorwa zari ingo 3.312.743.

Njya gukora iyi nkuru nabajije Kazungu wo muri ‘cartier’ uko ikilo cy’umuceri kiri kugura iwe, ambwira ko uw’Umutanzania uri kugurwa 1800 Frw ku kilo. Impamvu nabajije umuceri ni uko ingo nyinshi zikunze guhaha umuceri cyangwa se ibindi byenda kugura nka wo.

Nkora iyi nkuru na none nibutse ‘publicite’ RRA yigeze gukora yerekana umubare w’akayabo igihugu gihomba iyo hari abaguzi batatse inyemezabuguzi za EBM. Nanjye nakoze imibare nk’iyo kugira ngo ibivugwa mu magambo bijye no mu mibare.

Dufashe ko mu ngo 3.312.743 ziri mu Rwanda, byibuze ingo 3.000.000 ziguze ikilo kimwe cy’umuceri ku munsi, mu iduka ryo muri ‘cartier’ ubwo ugura 1800 Frw nk’uko Kazungu yabimbwiye. Ubwo abo baguzi bose batatse inyemezabuguzi ya EBM, igihombo cyaba kingana gite, nubwo umuntu yumva kwaka EMB ya 1800 Frw nta cyo yaba akoze!

Nyamara muri ariya 1800 Frw uhaye umucuruzi, harimo 18% atari aye, uba uyamuhaye ngo ayakugereze mu isanduku ya Leta, iyo atabikoze rero hari iterambere ritagera ku bo ryagombaga kugeraho mu gihe ryagombaga kubagereraho.

Iyo ubaze usanga 18% ya 1800 Frw ari 324 Frw, ayo iyo umucuruzi yatanze EBM biba byoroshye cyane, ahita ajya aho agomba kugera mu isanduku ya Leta, ubundi ibikorwa biteganyijwe mu ngengo y’imari bigakorwa.

Muri ba baguzi miliyoni eshatu baguze ikilo cy’umuceri w’Umutanzania ku mafaranga 1800 Frw, iyo batatse EBM, amafaranga igihugu kiba gihombye ku munsi, angaana na 972.000.000 Frw, mu cyumweru hagenda agera kuri 6.804.000.000, akaba agera kuri 29.160.000.000 ku kwezi, mu gihe ku mwaka hahomba arenga kuri miliyari 354,7 Frw.

Ayo ni amafaranga agera kuri 9% y’ayateganyijwe mu ngengo y’imari ya 2025/26 azava mu misoro.

Ayo mafaranga ashobora kubaka imihanda ya kaburimbo iciriritse (chip seals) ireshya na kilometero zirenga 230. Kuko imibare yo muri NST1 igaragaza ko byibuze kubaka Km 1 y’umuhanda wa kaburimbo iciriritse bitwara amafaranga miliyoni 150 Frw.

Kugira ngo ubyumve, ni ukuvuga ko ayo mafaranga yakubaka umuhanda uva i Kigali ukarenga i Rusizi, habaye hakoreshwa kaburimbo iciriritse, kuko intera ya Kigali - Rusizi ni 216 Km. Icyo ni ikigereranyo ariko ashobora gukora ibindi bikorwa, nko kubaka amashuri, amavuriro se cyangwa n’ibindi bikorwa remezo bifitiye abaturage muri rusange akamaro.

Iyo hari imisoro itambutse idatanzwe hari ibikorwa byinshi bifitiye inyungu abaturage bishobora kudindira

RRA ivuga ko ihora iri maso

Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, Umuvugizi wa RRA akaba na Komiseri Ushinzwe Abasora bato, Uwitonze Jean Paulin, yavuze ko ahanini zimwe mu mpamvu abacuruzi batanga ku kudatanga EBM ari inzitwazo.

Yagize ati “Nko kuvuga ngo ‘network’ yabuze, nta bwo EBM ikora kubera ko ‘network’ ihari cyangwa idahari, cyangwa internet, ibintu nk’ibyo, nta bwo ibyo ari byo, izo ni inzitwazo zifafite ishingiro kuko EBM n’iyo waba udafite ‘internet’ ushobora kuyikora.”

“Ikindi kuvuga ngo imashini yagize ikibazo, iyo igize ikibazo ubivuga kuri Rwanda Revenue kugira ngo ufashwe, iyo rero bitakozwe gutyo ntabwo wakwizera ko ari byo.”

Yavuze ko umuntu mu gihe ahawe izo mpamvu z’uko imashini yagize ikibazo, ko ari ngombwa kubaza niba yarabimenyekanishije muri RRA, mu gihe bitabaye ibyo ngo byaba ari urwitwazo rwo kudatanga EBM.

Ku bijyanye n’abavuga ko kuyikora bishobora gutinda, Uwitonze yavuze ko ibyo bidashboka kuko nk’iyo ugiye mu ma ‘supermarket’ uhita uyibona mu gihe gito cyane, kandi avuga ko EBM ari zimwe, uko aho byihuta n’ahandi biba bigomba kwihuta nta kabuza.

Ati “Hari aho ujya ukabona birihuse, ahandi ukabona biratinze. Hari n’uwo usaba EBM ukabona ayipfunyuruye ahantu, akabanza kuyihanagura ivumbi, ukabona arayicana ubona yangira, ni ibyo biba biriho.”

Uwitonze yavuze ko nubwo bamwe mu badashaka gutanga EBM bagenda bahimba amayeri atandukanye, ko RRA na yo iri maso ndetse igenda ishyiraho ingamba zitandukanye, zirimo ubugenzuzi buhoraho, ndetse kuri ubu yashyizeho ishimwe kuri buri muguzi usabye inyemezabuguzi ya EBM, aho ahabwa 10% ya TVA yaciwe igicuruzwa yaguze.
Mu bugenzuzi bakora yavuze ko “Tugenda tubona rero hari abanga kuzitanga, hari abatanga izinusuye, wishyuye amafaranga akandika make ugereranyije n’ayishyuwe, hakaba n’abanze kuza kuzifata batazifite, urumva ni ibyo byiciro bitatu. Hari abadafata EBM, hari abazifite batazikoresha, hari abazifite bazikoresha ariko mu buryo bw’amanyanga, hakaba n’abandi twavuga bayobotse bumva ibyiza byayo.”

“Buriya EBM si ukugira ngo umuntu ayikoreshe by’umusoro gusa, hari n’ibindi imufasha, hari icyiciro kinini cy’abacuruzi bamaze kubona ibyiza bya EBM banayikoresha neza.”

Ku bijyanye n’umusaruro ugaragara kuva batangiye gutanga ishimwe ku baguzi baka EBM, Uwitonze agaragaza ko hari benshi basigaye bazaka kuko bashaka kuzabona ishimwe.

Ati “Ubwitabire bwo urabubona, cyane cyane urebye hari Abanyarwanda benshi bari gushaka kubona ririya shimwe kuri TVA bishyuye, ubona rero harimo benshi batanga amakuru iyo badahawe EBM, cyane cyane ko iyo werekanye abadatanga EBM uhabwa 50% y’ibihano umucuruzi acibwa…tubona abantu benshi biyemeje gufatanya na RRA kugira ngo EBM zitangwe.”

Ku gutanga amakuru ku bacuruzi badatanga EBM, Uwitonze yavuze ko kubera igihembo cyashyizweho cy’uko utanze ayo makuru ahabwa 50% ku bihano uwo mucuruzi yaciwe, yavuze ko hari ubwiyongere mu gutanga amakuru, ndetse ko hari n’abacuruzi bahanwe n’ubwo umunyamakuru amubajije umubare w’abacuruz bamaze kubihanirwa n’ingano y’amafaranga y’ibihano baciwe, yanze kugira icyo abitangazaho.

Gusa yavuze ko iyo umuturage atanze amakuru batihutira guhita bahana, ahubwo na bo babanza gukora igenzura ryabo.

Ati “Hari icyemezo cy’uko yishyuye tureba, ariko hari igihe ugera ku mucuruzi akavuga ngo uwo muntu ntabwo yigeze agera hano arambeshyera, ariko iyo bigenze gutyo uba utumye tugenzura ubibuko bwawe bwose, tukareba ese ubundi uri nta makemwa, ibigaragara kuri EBM ni na byo ufite mu bubiko bwawe bufatika? Iyo bigenze bityo urumva biba bizanye igikorwa kinini kurushaho, bituma hanaboneka n’ibyo uwo nuntu yaba yarakoze na mbere atari n’ibyo bamuregeye gusa.”

Bimwe mu bihano bihabwa abacuruzi batatanze EBM harimo gucibwa y’amafaranga, gufungirwa ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi, gucibwa ku rutonde rw’abapiganira amasoko ya Leta, ndetse bishobora no kugira aho akurikiranwa mu butabera.

Umuvugizi wa RRA, Uwitonze Jean Paulin, yagaragaje ko bakomeje gushyira imbaraga mu guhangana n'abadashaka gutanga EBM