Gilead Sciences ifite izina rikomeye mu gukora ubushakashatsi n’imiti y’indwara z’ibyorezo zitandukanye. Yakoze imiti yifashwa mu buvuzi bwa virusi itera SIDA, hépatite B, hépatite C, ibicurane (grippe), ndetse na COVID-19 iherutse gukangaranya Isi mu myaka ya 2020.

Niba warahuye n’imiti ya hépatite yitwa ledipasvir, sofosbuvir, cyangwa sofosbuvir, nayo yakozwe na Gilead Sciences.

Umuti wa Remdesivir wavumbuwe nyuma y’ubushakashatsi bwamaze imyaka irenga icumi.

Mu 2014 nibwo uwo muti wakorewe amasuzuma atandukanye hagenzurwa niba wizewe ngo wifashishwe mu guhangana na Ebola yari ikomeje guca ibintu mu Burengerazuba bwa Afurika, by’umwihariko muri Guinée, Libéria, na Sierra Leone.

Hagati ya 2013 na 2016, Ebola yakwirakwiye mu buryo butari bwarigeze bubaho kuva yavumburwa mu 1976. Kuri iyi nshuro yari yiganje mu bihugu bya Afurika y’Iburengerazuba, gusa igera no mu Bwongereza, Amerika, u Butaliyani, na Espagne.

Kugeza muri Kamena 2016 ubwandu bw’icyo cyorezo bwaragabanyutse, ariko cyari cyageze ku babarirwa mu 28,600 ndetse 11,325 muri bo kirabahitana.

Remdesivir ni umwe mu miti yatekerejweho cyane muri icyo gihe ndetse utanga icyizere mu masuzuma y’ibanze. Icyakora nyuma y’aho Ikigo cy’Abanyamerika gishinzwe Ubuzima, NIH, cyatangaje ko uwo muti utatanze icyizere gihagije mu bundi bushakashatsi bwawukozweho nyuma mu kuvura Ebola, hafatiwe ku mpagararizi zafashwe nta kintu cyihariye gishingiweho.

Mu gihe cya COVID-19, nabwo Remdesivir yemejwe n’abashakashatsi benshi nk’umwe mu miti yakwitabazwa mu kuvura agakoko ka SARS-CoV-2 kayitera.

Mu ntangiriro za Nyakanga 2020, Ishami rishinzwe Ubuzima muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, HHS, ryatangaje ko icyo gihugu cyari cyamaze kugura ingano yose ya Remdesivir yari ku isoko.

Icyo gihe hatekerezwaga ko ibindi bihugu byugarijwe na COVID-19 bitazabasha kubona uwo muti nibura mu gihe cy’amezi atatu.

HHS yemeje ko Amerika yaguze 100% by’ingano ya Remdesivir yari bukorwe muri Nyakanga, ndetse na 90% by’iyari bukorwe muri Kanama na Nzeri.

Mu Ukwakira 2020, NIH yahamije ko Remdesivir igabanya impfu z’abahitanwa na COVID-19 ku kigero cya 30% ugereranyije n’indi miti yakoreshwaga mu kuvura abayanduye.

Ni umwe mu miti yakoreshejwe bwa mbere mu kuvura COVID-19, ndetse ubwo byavugwaga ko Donald Trump wari Perezida wa Amerika yajyanwe mu bitaro yanduye icyo cyorezo, yavuwe hifashishijwe Remdesivir.

Icyakora mu Ukwakira 2020 Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, OMS, ryatangaje ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kuri Remdesivir bwagaragaje ko nta ngaruka nini igira ku murwayi wa COVID-19, ku buryo ushobora gutuma adapfa cyangwa ngo akire mu gihe cya vuba.

Gilead Sciences yateye utwatsi ibyatangajwe na OMS, ishimangira ko Remdesivir ifasha uyihawe arwaye COVID-19 ku buryo mu minsi itanu aba yorohewe.

Urubuga rwa Medline Plus runyuzwaho amakuru n’ubushakashatsi ku buvuzi, rugaragaraza ko Remdesivir isukika cyangwa y’ifu ishobora kuvangwa n’ibisukika, igaterwa na muganga mu mutsi w’umurwayi buhoro buhoro, ku buryo bishobora gutwara iminota iri hagati ya 30 na 120.

Ku barwayi ba COVID-19 bari mu bitaro, bawuhabwaga rimwe ku munsi mu gihe cy’iminsi iri hagati y’itanu n’icumi. Ku batari mu bitaro bo bawuhabwa nyuma y’iminsi irindwi bagaragaje ibimenyetso, bakawuterwa inshuro imwe ku munsi mu gihe cy’iminsi itatu.

Ni umuti ushobora kugira ingaruka ku umaze kuwuhabwa, zirimo kugira iseseme no kuruka, gushyuhirana cyangwa gutitira kubera ubukonje, kugira umuriro, kubira icyuya, kuzungera, gufuruta n’ibindi.

Umurwayi aba umaze kuwuterwa aba agomba kumara nibura isaha acungirwa hafi na muganga, kuko muri icyo gihe ari bwo izo ngaruka zishobora kumugeraho.

Remdesivir mu buvuzi bwa Marburg

Uretse Ebola na COVID-19, Remdesivir yanagarutsweho kenshi mu buvuzi bwa virus ya Marburg.

Ku wa 8 Ukwakira 2024, ni bwo ku bufatanye n’Ikigo gishinzwe Ubuvuzi bw’indwara muri Afurika , Africa CDC, u Rwanda rwahawe na Gilead Sciences doze 5,100 za Remdesivir, ngo ruzifashishe mu guhangana n’icyo cyorezo.

Kuva icyo cyorezo byemezwa ko cyageze mu Rwanda ku wa 27 Nzeri 2024, Africa CDC ivuga ko yohereje abakozi bayo bakuru i Kigali ngo bafashe gukurikirana uko Marburg ikwirakwira, gufata ibipimo, no mu bundi bushakashatsi.

Nubwo nta muti wa Marburg uremezwa, Africa CDC igaragaza ko uwa Remdesivir ari wo ukomeje kwiyambazwa nk’ubutabazi bw’ibanze aho icyo cyorezo kigaragaye hose ku Isi, mu gihe OMS igishyize ingufu mu ikorwa ry’urukingo.

Nubwo nta bushakashatsi buhamye buragaragaza ijanisha ry’uko Remdesivir ikiza umuntu wanduye Marburg, ubushakashatsi bwamuritswe na Oxford muri Kamena 2020 bwerekanye ko uwo muti wavuye inkende zari zanduye icyo cyorezo ku ijanisha riri hagati ya 50% na 83% bitewe n’ingano ya doze zahawe.

Magingo aya Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ivuga ko mu minsi irindwi ishize, umubare w’abakize Marburg uruta uw’abayanduye, kubera ingamba zikomatanyije zashyizweho mu guhangana na yo.

Uretse gukoresha Remdesivir mu buvuzi bwa Marburg, u Rwanda ruri kwiyambaza n’inkingo za ’Sabin’s Vaccine’ mu gukingira virus yayo. Izi zakoreshejwe no muri Kenya na Uganda.

Umuti wa Remdesivir wiyambajwe kenshi ku ndwara z'ibyorezo zirimo Ebola, COVID-19, na Marburg