Inda zivanwamo n’izivanamo mu Rwanda ziteza ibibazo bitandukanye birimo guhitana abazitwite ndetse no gutwara akayabo k’amafaranga ngo ubuzima bw’abazivanyemo bwitabweho.
Mu bushakashatsi bwashyizwe ahagaragara kuwa Gatanu tariki ya 30 Gicurasi 2014 n’abashakashatsi bo mu Kigo cy’Ubushakashatsi cyo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika cya Guttmacher Institute ku nda zitateguwe no kuzivanamo, bwagaragaje ko kubitaho bisaba ikiguzi kinini, bigateza n’ibibazo byinshi.
Ku bijyanye no gusama, ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana ko 47% z’inda zisamwa mu Rwanda ziba zitateguwe, 22% zivanwamo ku bushake, 15% bazivanamo mu buryo butunguranye.
By’umwihariko mu mwaka wa 2009, abagore basaga ibihumbi 60 bavanyemo inda. Uyu mubare uhwanye na 25 ku gihumbi bafite hagati y’imyaka 15-44.
Kimwe mu bituma umubare w’abavanamo inda bagira ibibazo ngo ni uko usanga bajya kuzivaniramo ku bantu badafite ubumenyi bazivanamo rwihishwa kuko umutekano wa bo uba utizewe bikaba byateza ikibazo.
Muri rusange ½ cy’inda zivamo mu Rwanda zikurwamo n’abantu batabyize, 34% zikurwamo n’abavuzi ba gihanga, 17 zigakurwamo n’abagore cyangwa abakobwa ubwabo bazitwise.
Dr Sayinzoga Felix, ushinzwe ubuzima bw’umubyeyi muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yavuze ko iki kibazo gikomeye.
Yagize ati “Imibare irakanganye n’ubwo bwaba ari ubuzima bw’umuntu umwe bubuze, ni igihombo kuko nta n’umwe wari ukwiye kububura”.
Impavu zitera kuzamuka k’uyu mubare
Sayinzoga yavuze ko Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yakoze ibishoboka byose ikegereza imiti yo kuboneza urubyaro ku banyarwanda bose, aho yagejejwe no hasi ku bajyanama b’ubuzima.
Ikindi gikorwa ni uko Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ifatanyije n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye bajya bazenguruka igihugu cyose bigisha urubyiruko kwirinda izi nda no kuboneza urubyaro.
Nyamara ngo n’ubwo hakorwa ibi byose, haracyari zimwe mu mbogamizi zirimo imyumvire ikiri hasi ku kwirinda inda no kuboneza urubyaro.
Yagize ati “Igituma iyi mibare iri hejuru ni imyumvire y’abantu ikiri hasi , aho abantu benshi batekereza ibibazo mu gihe barangije kubwiteza”.
Ikindi yagaragaje ni umuco nyarwanda utuma abantu bitinya no kutavuga ikibazo bagize.
Kwita ku wavanyemo inda ngo birakosha
Ku bijyanye n’amafaranga, Sayinzoga yavuze ko uvanyemo inda akagira ikibazo yitabwaho ku kiguzi cy’amadolari ya Amerika 93 ahwanye n’amafaranga y’u Rwanda asaga ibihumbi 62.
Mu mwaka iki kiguzi usanga gihwanye n’amadolari miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi 700, ni ukuvuga ko mu mafaranga y’u Rwanda asaga miliyari imwe na miliyoni 100.
Dr Michael Vlassoff, uhagarariye abashakashatsi bakoze kuri iyi nyigo avuga ko bamaze kubukorera mu bihugu bine harimo Ethiopia, Colombia, Uganda n’u Rwanda.
Dr Vlassoff avuga ko Uganda ari cyo gihugu cya mbere ku isi gifite imibare iri hejuru y’abakuramo inda. Naho u Rwanda ngo ni cyo gihugu gifite imibare yo hasi mu kugira abakuramo inda mu Muryango w’Ibihugu bya Afurika y’I Burasirazuba.
Avuga ko mu by’ukuri igituma iyi mibare igenda irutana atapfa kucyemeza, ahubwo ngo ubushakashatsi bwabo bwabasigiye indi nyota yo gushaka kumenya impamvu ituma hamwe hagaragara abantu benshi bakuramo inda, abandi bakaba ari bake.
Ku ruhande rwa ARBEF, umuryango Nyarwanda ugamije imibereho myiza y’umuryango Dr Nyabyenda Laurien yavuze ko hari uburyo izi nda zagabanuka n’ibibazo ku bazikuramo na byo bikagabanuka.
Urugero yatanze ni uko hari itegeko ryashyizweho muri 2011 rirengera abatwite bafashwe ku ngufu ko bashobora kuzivanirwamo ndetse n’abo zishobora kugiraho ikibazo, hiyongereyeho abazitewe n’abantu bafitanye amasano ya hafi mu muryango n’abashyingiwe ku ngufu.
Nyabyenda nawe yagaragaje ko imyumvire ikiri ikibazo kuko hari uwibaza uko yabigenza ngo iyo nda ayivanirwemo ikaba irimo gukura igihe kikamurengana.
Yagize ati “Niba yafashwe ku ngufu agira impungenge ko bashobora kubimenya. Ye kugira isoni ajye kubivuga abone uburenganzira bwo gufashwa”.
Nk’umwanzuro utangwa n’ubu bushakashatsi ngo ni uko abantu bakomeza kwigishwa kurushaho uburyo bwo kwirinda gutwara inda zitateguwe no gushyira mu bigo nderabuzima uburyo bwo gufasha abagore bagize ikibazo cyo gukuramo inda.
Ibi bizagerwaho mu gihe Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yegereye abaturage ikajya irushaho kubigisha kwihutira kujya kwa muganga mu gihe bagize ibi bibazo.
Ikindi ni uko uburyo bwo gufasha abagize ibibazo bavanamo inda bwagezwa no ku bigo nderabuzima.
Abakobwa bafite hagati y’imyaka 15 na 29 b’ingaragu bakunze gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina, akaba ari nabo bakunze gutwara izi nda zitateganyijwe banazikuramo.
56% by’abo mu Rwanda hose na 69% mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba usanga badakoresha uburyo na bumwe bwo guteganya imbyaro kandi babwifuza.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe mu Bitaro bya Gihundwe, Kabutare, Ruhengeri, Nyagatare, Muhima, CHUK, ibitaro bya Polisi ku Kacyiru n’ibya Gisirikare I Kanombe.
Uretse urupfu ku bavanamo izi nda, hari n’izindi ngaruka zitandukanye bahura na zo zirimo indwara yo kuva n’abavanwamo nyababyeyi bagasezera ku rubyaro burundu.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikigo cya Guttmacher Institute ifatanije n’Ishuri rya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ry’ubuzima rusange (NURSPH).
TANGA IGITEKEREZO