Indwara z’umwijima zikomeje gukaza umurego mu gihugu cyacu, kandi twebwe abaganga tukagira impungenge z’uko Abanyarwanda muri rusange bazifiteho ubumenyi buke ahanini buturuka ku bushake buke bwo kuzimenya ndetse no kuzirinda.

Mu ndwara z’umwijima zose, reka twongere twibande ku ziterwa na virus z’umwijima B na C kuko zandura cyane, kandi zikomeje kwibasira benshi mu muryango Nyarwanda.

Akenshi kwa muganga twakira abarwayi b’umwijima warengeranye, ugasanga umurwayi akifitemo ubumenyi buke n’ubushake buke bwo kurinda umuryango asize inyuma.

Zimwe mu ngaruka z’umwijima umaze igihe ndetse warengeranye, ni izi zikurikira:

• Ukurengerana ugacakarara: liver cirrhosis.

• Kanseri y’umwijima: hepatocellular carcinoma.

• Urupfu: death

Icyo nshaka ko twumvikana kuri izi ngaruka twavuze haruguru aha, ni uko ari ingaruka tuguyaguya (manageable), ariko zidakira (not curable). Abenshi mwarwaje izo ndwara murabizi kuko abenshi mubazirwaye nti babaho igihe kirekire iyo uburwayi bwafashe iyo ntera, kandi hose ku Isi nta bitangaza biba, abenshi mubajyana i Burayi, Asiya na Amerika, ariko ikigaragara ni uko birangira abo bose batuvuyemo, ndetse n’ubukungu bw’umuryango bukahazaharira bikabije.

Ikindi nshaka ko twumvikanaho, ni uko izo virus zishobora gutinzwa kugera kuri iyo ntera irengeranye (therapeutically delayed disease progress), iyo zipimwe zikavurwa kare (early screening, early diagnosis, early treatment) kandi zigakurikiranirwa hafi nkuko tubisaba (regular follow up and disease surveillance).

Duhereye kuri Virus y’umwijima ya C, kwa muganga tubwira umurwayi ko ayigumanye mu mubiri we (chronicity) iyo ibipimo HCV Ab IgM bibaye positive mu gihe kirengeje amezi atandatu (> 6 months).

Iyo virus ya C igira amoko ( genotypes) atandatu ariyo 1,2,3,4,5,6. Muri izo zose, genotypes 4 na 5 nizo zikunze kwibasira abirabura (Africans). Genotype 4 ikaba ikunze kunanirana cyane kuvura (resistance).

Ku bwibyo tuvuze haruhuru, ibipimo dukora harimo:

• HCV Ab IgM itugaragariza ko umurwayi ayirwaye kandi ibaye karande (>6 months).

• Igipimo cy’ubwoko bwayo (Genotype). [amaraso yoherezwa gupimirwa hanze].

• Igipimo cy’ubukana (Viral Load/ Charge virale). [amaraso yoherezwa gupimirwa hanze].

Icyitonderwa: iyi virusi ya C nta rukingo igira.

Imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura iyi virusi ya C ni inshinge za interferon (pegasys), n’ibinini bya ribavirine dusanzwe tuziho kuvura udukoko two mu bwoko bwa virusi.

Dukurikijeho Virus y’umwijima ya B, kwa muganga tubwira umurwayi ko ayigumanye mu mubiri (chronicity) iyo ibipimo HBsAg ibaye positive mu gihe kirengeje amezi atandatu (>6 months) kandi HBsAb iri negative.

Iyo virus ya B igira amoko (genotypes) umunani ariyo A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H.

Ku bwibyo tuvuze haruguru, ibipimo dukora harimo:

• HBsAg.

• HBsAb.

• Alanine aminotransferase (AST).

• Igipimo cy’ubukana (Viral Load/ Charge virale). [amaraso
yoherezwa gupimirwa hanze].

• Igipimo cy’inyama y’umwijima kuri microscope: Liver biopsy. Ku bitaro bya Faisal kirakorwa si ngombwa kubyohereza hanze].

Icyitonderwa: iyi virusi ya B igira urukingo, kandi ruratangwa mu Rwanda, ku bisobanuro birambuye kuri uru rukingo mwakwegera Dr. Menelas NKESHIMANA; umuganga uhoraho (Permanent Medical Officer) ukorera urugaga rwa bamwe mu baganga b’inzobere (Specialist Medical Practitioners) ruzwi ku izina rya Great Lakes Medical Consortium and Research Center; Glamerc Polyclinic, yahoze ikorera ahahoze USA Embassy mu mugi imbere ya Radio Rwanda, ubu ibarizwa mu nyubako yayo nshya ku Kisimenti munsi ya CSS Zigama imbere y’umuhanda ujya kuri Christus Center/Front desk telephone number 0788451061).

Imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura iyi virusi ya B ni inshinge za interferon (pegasys), n’ibinini bya lamivudine dusanzwe tuziho kuvura udukoko two mu bwoko bwa virusi.

Izi virus zombi zizwiho kuvurwa bihenze kandi imiti yazo igafatwa mu gihe kirekire gishobora kugera ku mwaka wose. Bityo rero Banyarwanda, Banyarwandakazi, cyane cyane rubyiruko amizero y’ejo hazaza, ni twirinde kandi twivuze kare.

Muri iki kiganiro, turangije tubashimira ubushake n’ubushobozi mukomeje kugaragaza mu kubungabunga ubuzima bwanyu n’imiryango yanyu, tubibutsa ko kwirinda biruta kwivuza, kandi twizeyeko cyane cyane urubyiruko mushishikarira kwipimisha no kwivuza kare, bityo tudakomeza gutegereza tukivuza indwara yarengeranye idafite igaruriro, n’ubukungu bwacu, ubukungu bw’igihugu bukahazaharira.

Murakoze mugire Imana n’ubuzima bwiza kandi mwagizemo uruhare!