Uko ingoma y’i Gasabo yarushagaho kwaguka no kwigwizaho ubutaka bw’ibindi bihugu yabaga yarigaruriye byaje kurema u Rwanda, ni ko n’imwe mu migenzo y’ibyo bihugu byabaga byarigaruriwe yagendaga isakara hirya no hino mu gihugu, kuko bene yo na bo babaga barahawe ikaze mu Rwanda nka gakondo yabo nshya.

Muri aya mateka, tugiye gutatura imwe mu migenzo yagiye iva mu mahanga u Rwanda rwigaruriye igasakara igihugu cyose.

Nubwo ari myinshi, iyo tugiye kwanzikiraho ni iyo kwambara ingofero no guterura umugeni. Amashirakinyoma y’ayo mateka tuyekesha igitabo: “Umuco mu Buvanganzo” cyanditswe n’ Umusizi Nsanzabera Jean de Dieu”.

Inkomoko y’umugenzo wo guterura

Guterura ni uburyo bwakoreshwaga bwo kwiba umukobwa iwabo baramwimanye ku mpamvu runaka zituma batamugushyingira, cyangwa umusore akaba nta bushobozi afite bwo gusaba umukobwa ngo amukwe inkwano zfuzwa kandi yaramuhisemo, bigatuma babyumvikanaho bakishyingira.

Guterura kandi byaterwaga nuko umukobwa yabenze umusore, akamuhigira ko azamwihimuraho akamwishyingira ku ngufu.

Icyo gihe ni bwo umuhungu cyangwa se umuryango we wateguraga igihe bakazashuka umukobwa bagahurira nko ku ibuga bashoye, cyangwa se bakamusanga mu rubohero, bakamuheka bakamujyana rwihishwa iwabo batabizi.

Nuko umuhungu akamurongora bakabyara bigashyira kera. Gusa ntibyahereraga aho, igihe cyarageraga umuryango w’umuhungu ukenga inzoga ukikora ukajya kwirega, hanyuma imihango y’ubukwe ikongera igatangizwa, imiziro yose bakoze igahanagurwa.

Umugenzo wo guterura cyangwa se kwishyingira nta bwo ari umuco rusange w’Abanyarwanda, ukomoka mu baturanyi b’Abanyarwanda bo muri Ankole no mu Ndorwa.

Abasore baho ni bo badukanye iyo migenzo. Kugira ngo yamamare igere no mu Rwanda, byaturutse ku kuba ibyo bihugu byarigaruriwe n’u Rwanda.

Umuco w’Abanyankore mu bijyamye n’umuhango w’ubukwe n’imigenzo yabwo, ntabwo usa neza n’uw’Abanyarwanda.

Abanyarwanda bagira uburyo burenze umunani bwo gukosha, naho Abanyankole icyo mwavuganiraho ni Inka, nazo atari imwe nk’uko mu Rwanda byari bimeze.

Abanyankore n’Abanyandorwa iyo washakaga kubivangamo ukoresheje kubasaba umugeni udatunze, nta bwo bagukundiraga, n’iyo washakaga aho wanyura ngo uhabwe ijambo ryonyine ryo kubasaba umugeni, baramukwimaga ugataha wimyiza imoso!!!

Aho ni ho havuye inkomoko yo guterura cyangwa se kwiba umugeni kw’abasore baho, bikomotse ku kuba nta bushobozi bafite bwo kunywana nabo mu buryo bw’ishyingirwa.

Ubukwe bwo guterura n’ubwo bwageze aho bukagera no mu Rwanda, bitewe n’ukwiheba no kutiyitaho byagendanaga no kugenda basiba byinshi mu bigize imihango n’imigenzo y’Abakurambere, byari bitangiye gusibanganywa n’umusirimuko wadukanywe n’abakoroni. Aho nyinshi mu nkwano z’Abanyarwanda, zari zimaze kuzimangana.

Ariko ubwo buryo ntibwagize imbaraga cyane nk’aho bwakomotse, kuko mu muco w’ubukwe bw’Abanyarwanda harimo ingingo nyinshi zorohereza abashaka gushyingirana badahuje amaboko, cyane cyane ku mugenzo werekeye gukwa.

Harimo n’umuco wo gutenda, aho nk’umusore udafite inka yashoboraga kujya guhakirwa umugeni, mu gihe inka yasabwe atazifite, akazikorera kugeza azigwije. Harimo no gukwa icyitwaga “ubuntu buziturwa.”

Uwo mugenzo wo guterura cyangwa se kwiba umugeni, hari henshi wasakaye k, ariko inkomoko ya wo ari mu Nkore y’Abahinda, aho watangiye kwinjira mu Rwanda guhera mu wa 1894.

Ni ibintu kugeza ubu bigikorwa mu bice bimwe bimwe bya Uganda.

Inkomoko y’umugenzo wo kwambara ingofero

Mu mirimbo y’Abanyarwanda cyane cyane ikorerwa ku mutwe, habagamo iyo gutega urugori byakorerwaga umugore ubyaye kabiri, kandi ibitsina byombi.

Hakaba no gutega amasunzu byakorwaga n’abagabo ndetse n’abakobwa batarashaka. Hari n’abana bakiri bato, batamirizwaga amasaro mu ruhanga.

Nubwo iyo mirimbo yabaga ihenze ikora umugabo igasiba undi, yose yatumaga Abanyarwanda nta kindi bashyira mu mutwe wabo cyabatwikirira uruhanga n’umusatsi, kuko kwaba ari ugupfukirana uburanga bwabo ngo butagaragara.

Mu bihugu by’abaturanyi b’u Rwanda nka Ndorwa na Ankole, ikimenyetso cy’umutunzi w’inka cyari ukwambara ingofero z’urugara. Uwayambaraga wese yabaga ari umunyacyubahiro n’umutuzi wubahwa na buri wese.

Muri Gashyantare 1894, ubwo Kigeli Rwabugili yigaruriraga Nkore y’Abahinda, akarimbura ingoma y’aho, Abanyankole b’Abahinda bakomekwa k’u Rwanda, ni bwo umugenzo wa bo wo kwambara ingofero na wo bawimukanye bawuzana mu Rwanda.

Byahawe imbaraga n’Abanyarwanda bagiye bahungira mu gihugu cya Uganda mu bihe by’imeneshwa ry’Abatutsi mu gihugu cy’u Rwanda. Abo na bo baragiye baba isanga n’ingoyi n’ab’icyo gihugu, banakomerezaho kwigana imwe mu migenzo yaho harimo no kwambara ingofero.

Ubwo Impunzi zatahukaga mu bihe byo guhagarika Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi, abatahutse benshi hari imigenzo bahashye muri ibyo bihugu na n’ubu itarazima, harimo no kwambara ingofero nk’umugenzo ukomoka muri Nkore y’Abahinda.

Aborozi benshi bamaze kumenyerwa ku ngofero z'urugara