Nubwo bimeze bityo, inshingano nyinshi, ukutamenya, imiterere ya sosiyete cyangwa uguteshuka kw’ababyeyi n’abarezi bishobora gutuma abana bamira bunguri n’ibitabagenewe.

Iyo havugwa ingaruka z’ikoreshwa rya internet mu bana hagarukwa cyane ku mashusho y’imibonano mpuzabitsina (pornographie) ariko hari n’izindi zijyanye no kuba imbata y’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga cyangwa gukuza imyitwarire itari myiza.

Urwego rwigenga rushinzwe gukurikirana ibijyanye n’uburenganzira bwa muntu mu Bwongereza (Children’s Commission) rwagaragaje ko amashusho y’imibonano mpuzabitsina yasakaye hose kugeza ubwo abana batakibona uko bayigobotora.

Ku myaka icyenda abana bagera ku 10% baba baramaze kureba pornographie; bene ayo mashusho. 27% baba barayabonye ku myaka 11 naho abarenga kimwe cya kabiri ni abayabonye ku myaka 13.

Aba bana ngo ntibarebera ayo mashusho ku mbuga zigenewe abantu bakuze gusa ahubwo imbuga nkoranyambaga nka X yahoze yitwa Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat ziza ku isonga mu zo bayasangaho. Ibitangazamakuru, indirimbo na byo ni undi muyoboro wa bene ayo mashusho.

Si mu Bwongereza gusa, no mu Rwanda ni uko. IGIHE iherutse kuganiriza abana b’abakobwa bato bo mu Majyepfo biga mu mashuri yisumbuye mu kigo cy’abihayimana, muri 15, 11 bari bararebye izi filimi.

Hari n’abandi bo mu Karere ka Gicumbi, bari mu bana batewe inda, babwiye umunyamakuru ko batangiye gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina nyuma yo kureba igihe gito izi filimi.

Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku bana, Unicef rigaragaza ko pornographie ishobora kwangiza abana bitewe n’uko gutangira kuyireba hakiri kare byangiza ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bw’umwana.

Uyu muryango uvuga ko utewe impungenge n’ubwinshi bwa pornographie ziboneka kuri internet kandi abana bo mu byiciro bitandukanye bakaba bashobora kuzibona.

Mu ngaruka zibageraho harimo ko iyo barebye pornographie bagera aho ibyo babona bakabifata nk’ibisanzwe, byemewe, bakiga gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina bakiri bato kandi bikabigira akamenyero.

Mu Rwanda

Guhera mu bihe cya Covid-19, kureba pornographie mu Rwanda byafashe intera ku buryo budasanzwe aho guhera mu 2020, mu mbuga 15 zisurwa cyane haba harimo urwa Pornographie.

Nko mu Ukuboza 2020, Site ya pornographie yari ku mwanya wa 12 mu zisurwa cyane mu Rwanda. Icyo gihe abasuraga iyo site barutaga abasaba serivisi ku rubuga rwa Irembo n’izindi mbuga nyinshi z’amakuru.

Ubusanzwe urubuga rusurwa cyane mu Rwanda, ni Google, igakurikirwa na Youtube mu gihe ku mwanya wa gatatu haza IGIHE.com. Nta na rimwe site ya poronographie iraza mu icumi za mbere zisurwa cyane mu Rwanda.

Gusa ntiba iri kure kuko ihora mu myaka 20 ya mbere ariko umwanya wayo ugenda uhinduka bitewe n’ibihe, kuko mu minsi isanzwe y’akazi, izo mbuga zisubira inyuma zikongera kubona abafana guhera ku wa Kane no ku minsi y’ibiruhuko.

Icyo gihe abagore bazirebaga ku rugero rwa 27% mu gihe ubusanzwe ku Isi hose bari ku kigero cya 24%. U Rwanda rwari ku mwanya wa 29 muri Afurika mu kugira abantu benshi bareba film z’imibonano mpuzabitsina.

Ku wa Gatanu Mutagatifu ni bwo Abanyarwanda bazireba cyane no ku munsi w’Ubwigenge. Gusa imibare yagaragazaga ko abenshi bazirebera kuri mudasobwa nubwo ubu byahindutse kubera uburyo internet isigaye yarageze kuri benshi, kandi na smartphones zisigaye zitunzwe na benshi.

38% by’abazireba ni abari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 24 gusa nta gihamya na kimwe cy’uko n’abari munsi yayo batazireba kuko ugiye kuzireba, ntasabwa kuvuga imyaka ye, n’aho ayisabwa, ashobora gushyiramo iyo ashaka.

Umugabo utuye i Kigali uri mu kigero cy’imyaka 60 waganiriye na IGIHE, yagaragaje ko biteye impungenge kuba nta buryo buhamye bwo kurinda abana kureba amashusho y’imibonano mpuzabitsina.

Ati “Barabibona hose ni nko kujya mu iduka ukagura icyo ukeneye cyose. Mu ngo zibamo internet aho abana baba bahugiye mu mikoro ya nimugoroba, bazi gucunga ababyeyi ku jisho bakanaga ijisho kuri ayo mashusho.”

“Ikindi ababyeyi benshi ntibaganira n’abana ku bijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere bigatuma bajya kubyigira ahandi.Bishobora kubakururira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina hakiri kare.”

Umukozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe imikurire no kurengera umwana (NCDA) ufite mu nshingano ingimbi n’abangavu, Tuyishimire Frodouard, yavuze ko abana batabujijwe kujya kuri internet kuko ari uburenganzira bwabo. Igikorwa ngo ni ukugerageza kubarinda ingaruka bahuriraho na zo.

Muri uko kubarinda, ahakoreshwa internet ya rusange nko mu bigo by’amashuri, amashusho y’imibonano mpuzabitsina arahagarikwa ku buryo adashobora kurebwa.

Ibigo bitanga internet yo mu ngo na byo byasabwe kuyahagarika cyangwa bagashyiramo porogaramu ifasha umubyeyi gukurikirana ibyo umwana akorera kuri internet (parental control). Ikibazo gisigaye kuri internet z’abantu ku giti cyabo.

Umunyamabanga Uhoraho muri Minisiteri y’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango, Batamuriza Mireille, mu 2020 ubwo yari ashinzwe iterambere ry’umuryango no kurengera umwana, yabwiye IGIHE ko izi filimi zishobora kongera irari ry’ubusambanyi mu bana bato.

Ati “Iyo zirebwa n’abana rero cyangwa urubyiruko, usanga bibagiraho ingaruka zitandukanye, harimo kuzamura irari ry’ubusambanyi, akenshi bakabikora batabanje no kubitekerezaho.

Yavuze ko akenshi “usanga bazireba mu kigare bikaba byatuma umuntu akora imibonano mpuzabitsina n’umuntu atazi neza”.

Gufunga imbuga zerekana ‘pornographie’ mu Rwanda ntibishoboka?

Batamuriza ati “ Biragoye ko nka Minisiteri imwe yafata icyemezo cyo gufunga cyangwa gufungura izi mbuga, kuko byaba binyuranyije n’amahame y’uburenganzira bwa muntu ndetse ay’itangazamakuru.”

Tuyishimire we yavuze ko ikoranabuhanga Rwanda rukoresha rurihuriyeho n’ibindi bihugu ku buryo “tutavuga ngo turarifunga burundu kandi hari abakeneye kubireba babifitiye uburenganzira. Icyo dukora ni ugushyiraho ingamba zo kurinda umwana.”

Mu 2021, Uwari Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RURA yabwiye IGIHE ko nta muntu cyangwa urwego rurayigezaho ubusabe bw’uko imbuga zerekana pornographie zifungwa. Hari nyuma y’uko Minisiteri y’Ikoranabuhanga ibwiye IGIHE ko kuzifunga bireba RURA.

Tuyishime yavuze ko u Rwanda nk’igihugu gikora ibishoboka ngo cyoroshye ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga mu nzego zose z’ubuzima bw’igihugu, mu 2019 rwemeje politiki yo kurengera umwana kuri internet.

Iyi politiki ihuriweho n’inzego zirimo RURA, Minisiteri y’Umuryango, Minisiteri y’Ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo, RIB n’izindi hagamijwe gushyira ingufu mu kugenzura internet, kumenya ibirimo byangiza abana, kubisesengura no kubikoraho iperereza.

Yemera ko ikoranabuhanga ari igikoresho cy’ingenzi mu burezi bw’abana, no guhanga udushya, bityo ko abana barikeneye ariko rikabagiraho ingaruka iyo rikoreshejwe nabi.

Mu ngaruka harimo ko ibyo umwana yarebye bigira uruhare mu gutuma agira imyitwarire irimo itoteza, gukwirakwiza amashusho yerekana abakora imibonano mpuzabitsina, kuyasakaza nk’uburyo bwo kwihorera cyangwa gusebya mugenzi we [bayikoranye] n’ibindi.

Hari ibihugu byinshi byagiye bishyiraho amategeko akaze, ku buryo imbuga zirekana izi filimi zafunzwe burundu. Byiganjemo ibihugu bigendera ku matwara akaze y’idini ya Islam.

Hari umubyeyi umwe utashatse ko amazina ye agaragara muri iyi nkuru, wasabye ko izi filimi zifungwa mu maguru mashya.

Ati “Ntabwo numva ukuntu leta yafunga imbuga zikoreshwa n’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi hanyuma ngo ireke izi zo zitwangiriza abana. Birakwiriye ko bazifungwa cyangwa se n’ushaka kuzireba bikajya bimugora aho kugira ngo amere nk’aho yisanga.”

Ahandi byifashe bite?

Iyo bigeze ku kugenzura cyangwa gukumira pornographie, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Canada bigenda gahoro kubera amategeko yabyo aha abaturage bose ukwishyira ukizana.

Ni mu gihe ariko hari ibindi bihugu bitajenjeka kugeza ubwo bigenzura cyangwa bigafunga ayo mashusho kuri internet.

WorldPopulationReview igaragaza ko Koreya ya Ruguru ari cyo gihugu kiza ku isonga ku isi. Guverinoma igenzura ikintu cyose gicararaca mu gihugu harimo imbuga z’amakuru, ibitangazamakuru n’imbuga nkoranyambaga. Pornographie ntiyemewe. N’iyo abaturage bibwiye ko bashobora guca mu rihumye leta bagakoresha uburyo bwa VPN ngo babashe kuyareba, basanga naho yahateye amatako; VPNs na zo irazigenzura.

Mu Bushinwa naho ni uko, imbuga nke kimwe na za VPNs zagiye zikoreshwa mu kugera kuri ayo mashusho ariko zigafungwa mu gihe zamenyekanye.

Iran nk’igihugu kigenzura ibitangazamakuru n’imbuga nkoranyambaga zirimo Facebook ndetse biragoye ko aya mashusho agaragara kimwe no mu bindi bihugu bigwiriyemo abo mu idini ya Islam nka Qatar, Syria, Turkmenistan, Turkiye, Pakistan, Oman, Eritrea na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu.

U Burusiya na bwo bugerageza gufunga imbuga nyinshi za internet zirimo n’iza pornographie. Itegeko rusange muri iki gihugu ni uko kureba aya mashusho atari icyaha ahubwo icyaha ari ukuyakora. VPNs naho zirafunze.

Ibihugu bimeze nk’ibigenda ku magi

Kugeza ubu biracyari ihurizo ku bihugu byinshi kwemeza ko imbuga za pornographie zifungwa. Ahanini ni uko ibijyanye no kubatwa n’ayo mashusho bitaremezwa n’imiryango myinshi yita ku buzima nk’aho koko ari ukuri nk’uko bimera ku biyobyabwenge cyangwa ibisindisha.

Nyamara ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko uko pornographie ziba nyinshi, bigira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bwo mu mutwe bw’umuntu ku giti cye, ubw’ababana nk’abashakanye ndetse no ku bukungu muri rusange [biturutse ku masaha y’akazi abantu batakaza cyangwa igihe bamara bahabwa ubuvuzi iyo byafashe indi ntera].

Ikorwa rya filime zo muri ubwo bwoko rishobora kwangiza abazikina bagwiriyemo abagore na bamwe baba bakiri abana babishorwamo bidaturutse ku mahitamo yabo.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko bimwe mu bihugu biracyashidikanya ku bijyanye no kuzikumira no gushyiraho amategeko azigenga kubera gutinya ko byashinjwa kubangamira ubwisanzure bw’abenegihugu.

Ababyeyi basabwa kuba maso

Si amashusho y’urukozasoni gusa, hari igihe umwana akwiye kumara akoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanaga hirindwa ko yaba imbata yabyo bikagira ingaruka ku mitekerereze ye.

Ababyeyi, abishingizi b’abana, abarezi, abarimu, abatanga serivisi za internet, ngo bakwiye kumva ko ari uburenganzira bw’umwana gukoresha ikoranabuhanga na internet ariko bafite inshingano zo kubaha amakuru y’ukuri no kubarinda.

Tuyishimire yavuze ko mu gihe abana mu rugo bagiye gukoresha mudasobwa cyangwa ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, bakwiye kubishyira ahantu hagaragara hagamijwe gukurikirana neza ibyo barimo.

Batamuriza ati “Dukomeze dufashe Abanyarwanda muri rusange kumenya amategeko, ndetse twubake ubushobozi bw’abakiri bato ngo bashobore guhitamo neza ibyo bareba kuri murandasi, bakoreshe neza ikoranabuhanga kandi baribyaze umusaruro, ntibemere ko ribatwara mu nzira zishobora kugira uruhare mu kwangiza ubuzima bwabo.”

Abatanga ibikoresho cyangwa internet mu ngo basabwa gushyiramo porogaramu ya ‘Parental Control’ bakanayigisha ababyeyi ku buryo umubyeyi aho ari hose amenya icyo umwana ari gukora kuri internet no kuri mudasobwa.

Umubyeyi akwiye kubera umwana urugero, akamenya igihe cyo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga n’icyo agenera umuryango, igihe cyo kuganira cyangwa kujya ku meza kikubahirizwa, ibindi bikajya ku ruhande.

Umwana akwiye gukoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bijyanye n’imyaka ye; uri munsi y’imyaka ibiri ngo si byiza kumuhuza n’ikoranabuhanga. Uwo mu kigero cy’imyaka itatu n’itanu ntakwiriye kurenza iminota mirongo itatu na ho ingimbi n’abangavu, igihe cyose ntibakwiye kugiharira ikoranabuhanga ngo bibagirwe ibindi by’ingenzi mu buzima.

Inkuru bifitanye isano:

– Riberakurora… Poronogarafi mu Rwanda

Umuburo ku bato b’u Rwanda internet yategeje ‘poronogarafi’